Jellyfish, coral, and anemones are belong to this phylum:

Giant tube worms, sandworms, roundworms, and leeches are all in this phylum:

Flatworms belong to this phylum:

Sea stars, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and sand dollars all belong to this phylum:

Clams, oysters, mussels, scallops, marine snails, sea slugs, sea hares, squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish all belong to this phylum:

Lobsters, crabs, crayfish, krill, and copepods all belong to this phylum:

Invertebrates have a notochord and a backbone.

Organisms classified as phylum Porifera, Cnidaria, Annelida, Platyhelminthes (flatworms), Echinodermata, Mollusca, and Arthropoda, are ALL _____________________________.

How do sponges eat?

Sponges are _____________________

In sponges, the water goes in the _____________________ and out the _______________________.

At what stage in their life cycle do sponges swim and drift in the current?

The silicon spines that give the sponge a rigid structure:

Coral polyps are _________________________

Coral and sponges both have a larva stage in their life cycles:

Coral and jellyfish are both Cnidarians and their life cycles include common stages such as larva and ______________.

Jellyfish are in the class Scyphozoa, all of which have an umbrella shaped structure called the ___________________. They use muscles to contract this part of their anatomy and pulse through the water.

Anemones and jellyfish are both in Phylum Cnidaria, but jellyfish are in class Scyphozoa, and anemones are in class Anthozoa (meaning flower animal). Unlike jellyfish, the sea anemones live their lives in this form __________________________.

Cnidarian means "stinging creature." Cnidarians, including jellyfish, coral, anemones, and hydroids, all have stinging cells called cnidoblasts or cnidocytes, containing a coiled thread and barb called _________________________ .

Phylum _______________________ contains classes Bivalvia (bivalves), Gastropoda (gastropods), Cephalopoda (cephalopods), Polyplacophora (chiton), and Scaphopoda (scaphopods).

A membrane called the _____________________ lines the inside of the bivalves' shells.

Unlike bivalves (with 2 shells), this type of mollusk has only one shell, and is referred to as a univalve, or ___________________.

Gastropods such as conchs and periwinkles have this feeding structure in their mouth used for scraping algae off surfaces:

While snails (gastropods) can move around using their muscular foot; bivalves such as mussels and oysters anchor themselves to rocks and hard substrates using their _____________________________________

This "elusive" cephalopod (in the mollusk phylum) has a spiral shaped shell divided into compartments, and uses sticky tentacles to capture prey. It is a slower swimmer than other cephalopods. People use its shell for jewelry and ornaments.

This cephalopod (in the mollusk phylum) is bottom-dwelling, feeds on other invertebrates, and has an internal shell composed of calcium carbonate. Its unique color-changing abilities can be used to evade predators or for confusing prey.

Phylum Arthropoda, commonly known as arthropods, include a group of marine organisms in the class Crustacea (crustaceans), including:

Arthropods are known for their:

The cephalothorax of a crustacean such as a crayfish includes the ____________________________________.

This crustacean is often mistaken for a mollusk, because is attaches itself to rocks and hard surfaces such as boats. They eat phytoplankton and other small food particles.

This small crustacean plays an important role in marine food webs, and is often eaten by blue whales and humpback whales.

Hermit crabs and other crabs belong to an order of crustaceans called Decapoda (decapods) because they have _________________ legs.

This arthropod is mistaken for a crab, but it only has 6 legs and lacks antennae. It is more closely related to spiders and scorpions.

The phylum Echinodermata, including sea stars, urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers; are characterized by their _____________________.

When this echinoderm dies, and its soft body parts decay, the flat internal skeleton (endoskeleton) remains to be found. People often collect these as decorations.

These echinoderms eat kelp and are eaten by sea otters. If sea otters in California do not keep this population in check, they will consume too much of the kelp forest. This echinoderm has spines that it can use to wedge itself between rocks.

Sea stars are benthic animals, meaning they live on the ocean floor. They are unique because of their ability to ____________________________.

Sea stars move using their __________________________.

Sea urchins and sea stars both have ____________________.