Which statement must be true for any activity that is defined as scientific investigation?

What is the apparent magnitude?

Olympus Mons is the largest volcano found on Mars. It has a diameter of 624 km. The largest volcano on Earth is Mauna Loa. The diameter of Mauna Loa is 120 km. Which statement is true about volcanoes?

Which question should you ask to find out the length of a planet’s year?

Earth was formed in a spinning disk of matter that surrounds the sun. As the particles in the disk collided and coalesced, they grew larger, and some eventually became planets. What force was responsible for the collisions between these particles?

Which of the following series summarizes the components of the solar system, from the center of the solar system outward?

Where is the Kuiper belt located?

Micah's friend said that in the spring, the shadow of an object shortens as the time of day approaches. Micah used a meter to measure the shadow cast by a street sign in his neighborhood. The image shows what you found.

How does Micah think as a scientist?

In order for a space shuttle to leave Earth, it must produce a great amount of thrust. Its rocket boosters create this thrusting force by burning great amounts of fuel. However, once in space, the shuttle needs very little fuel. It circles Earth while gravity pulls it toward Earth. What term describes the motion of the shuttle around Earth?

A model of the solar system is shown.

Suppose scientists observe a new orbital path for one of the planets. What will happen to this model?

The table includes the distance of each outer planet from the sun.

Which planet is closest to the sun?

The table shows the planets of the solar system and their diameters.

What correctly orders the diameters from smallest to largest?

Which moon has a diameter smaller than Io’s?

The figure shows the planets of the solar system in relation to the sun.

Which statement is true regarding the diameters of the planets shown?

Which statement does not agree with Laplace's hypothesis about the formation of the sun?

Immanuel Kant proposed the nebular hypothesis for the origin of the solar system as a single cloud of material that rotates in one direction. Which object in our solar system is the most similar to the nebula in composition?

A student rubs a balloon inflated with wool. The student moves the balloon on pieces of paper, and the balloon attracts it. Which statement best describes how the globe models early planet formation in the solar system?

Which statement correctly describes a difference in the inner and outer planets of our solar system due to gravitational effects?

Which of these are comets made of?

Where in the solar system are most gases, other than the sun?

Which statement summarizes how the formation of the solar system was similar to the Earth's differentiation into layers?

Dwarf planets are smaller than planets. How else are dwarf planets different?

As an astronomer, you observe an object in space that has an irregular shape, that orbits the sun in a highly elliptical orbit, and that is made of ice and rock. Which object is the astronomer most likely looking at?

An astronomer uses parallax to determine the distance of a star from Earth. Which statement correctly describes parallax?

The sun rotates in the opposite direction than the planets that orbit the sun.

If the solar system were to form similarly to the star system, the sun would rotate in the same direction that the planets orbit around the sun.

Star systems are formed from spinning clouds of dust and gas.

When the solar nebula became the sun and the planets, the formation process resulted in all the planets orbiting the sun in the same direction, which is the same direction the sun rotates.

The heliocentric model made no more sense for retrograde motion because the movements required a more complex explanation.

The moon and the sun belong to the solar system and that is why it is included like two other planets.

If Earth did not move, observing different constellations at different seasons would mean that stars move around Earth once a year.

They are used to measure distances in the solar system

It is the apparent change in the position of an object when viewed from different points.

A grouping of stars, celestial bodies and cosmic matter that is concentrated in a certain region of space due to the effect of gravitational attraction and constitutes a unit in the universe.

Receiving apparatus used in radio astronomy to capture and record radio waves emitted by celestial bodies.

It is an instrument that collects and concentrates light from distant objects to make objects appear larger or brighter.

are small bodies of ice, rock, and dust. Very elliptical orbits follow around the sun.

are small irregularly shaped metal and rocky bodies

Science that studies the structure and composition of the stars, their location and the laws of their movements.

study the physics of the universe. They investigate stars, planets, galaxies, and other celestial bodies.

It is the center of the solar system in which the Earth is located. It gives us the heat, the energy and it's one more star.

Astronomers use ______________ to represent spatial events that they cannot see directly or that occur over a long period of time.

The use of __________________ models and data makes it possible to simulate the formation of the solar system.

Computers allow scientists to conduct research in _________________ frames.

This is important, because modeling the formation of the solar system on a 1: 1 time scale would take thousands of _______________ years.

New technologies, such as ___________________, allowed astronomers to see distant or dark objects in space.

The development of new technologies is _____________________ for the advancement of science.

Scientists must _____________ the new evidence as they create explanations for the observed phenomena.