Worksheets2nd Semester Final Exam Review
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
When analyzing tree rings, what do scientists assume a thin ring indicates?
a year that was wet or cool
a year that was cool or dry
a year that was warm or wet
a year that was warm or dry
Climatic regions are classified according to temperature and __________.
distance from bodies of water
altitude
ocean currents
precipitation
Meteorologists studying the change in a region's precipitation over a 20-year period are studying the region's __________.
Pollution
Weather
Climate
Resources
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
water vapor
methane
What impact can a very large volcanic eruption have on earth's climate?
It will warm the earth's surface as more lava is released by the volcanic eruption.
It will warm the earth's surface as more heat is trapped by the dust particles.
It will cool the earth's surface as radiation from the sun is blocked from entering the atmosphere.
It will cool the earth's surface as more snow will fall with the presence of more condensation nuclei.
El Niño begins with which of the following?
the westward movement of winds and currents in the Pacific
upwelling of cold ocean water
heavy mudslides in California and tornadoes in Florida
the eastward movement of winds and currents in the Pacific
Areas such as Australia and Indonesia will experience heavier than normal rains during which of the following?
La Niña
El Niño
ice ages
interglacial period
Why is the surface temperature of Venus higher than it is on Mercury?
Mercury rotates.
Venus is closer to the sun.
The greenhouse effect is operating on Venus.
Mercury is too small.
Which of the following best defines climate?
Climate is the average, year-to-year conditions of temperature in an area.
Climate is the average, year-to-year conditions of weather in an area.
Climate is the average, year-to-year precipitation in an area.
Climate is the average, daily conditions of weather in an area.
A region's weather is consistent with it's _______________.
latitude
climate
altitude
precipitation
Earth's surface can be divided into how many climatic zones?
15
10
5
3
A ____________ is a group of terrestrial ecosystems with similar climates and organisms.
climatic zone
biome
tundra
subtropical region
Which is NOT something scientist study to determine the effects of climate change?
ice cores
tree rings
fossils
grass clippings
What are the two short-term climate change events that alter weather around the globe?
El Nino and El Nana
El Nino and La Nina
La Nina and La Nana
Hurricanes and Tsunamis
Large bodies of water take ____________ time to change temperature than land.
more
less
and equal amount of
a similar amount of
A cold-tolerant and salt-tolerant type of crab would likely be found in which part of the ocean?
transition zone
surface-mixed zone
deep zone
polar zone
Which of the following is responsible for deep ocean circulation?
wind
Coriolis force
density differences
friction
The amount of dissolved salt in water is known as _________
salt
density
salinity
dissolve rate
Where are the temperatures of seawater warmer?
near the equator
far from the equator
near the polls
in deep water
The Saltier the Water the __________
less dense it becoes
denser it becomes
warmer it becomes
less volume it creates
In which ways does freshwater enter the Ocean?
precipitation
melting sea ice
runoff from rivers
all of the above
A zone in which there is a rapid vertical change in salinity
thermocline
halocline
pycnocline
thermohaline
A zone in which there is a rapid vertical change in temperature
thermocline
halocline
pycnocline
thermohaline
When solar and lunar gravitational pulls are perpendicular to each other, their tidal bulges in opposition, which reduces the tidal range to milder variations called_________
spring tides
neap tides
short tides
long tides
When solar and lunar gravitational pulls are parallel with each other, their tidal bulges pull together, which creates larger variations in tides, called _________
spring tides
neap tides
short tides
long tides
Which of the following does NOT drive Deep Ocean Currents?
changes in temperature
changes in density
changes in volume
changes in salinity
Surface currents flow clockwise in the _______ hemisphere and counterclockwise in the _______ hemisphere.
Southern/Northern
Northern/Southern
Eastern/Western
Western/Eastern
What factors determine where an organism may live in the ocean?
Temperature, Salinity, Light, Oxygen
Volume, Density, Light, Oxygen
Volume, Temperature, Light, Density
Temperature, Oxygen, Volume, Density
The Ocean Bottom is Called ___________.
Protozoic
Pelagic
Lansic
Benthic
Waters in the ___________ zone have more uniform salinity and temperature
Nertic
oceanic
Intertidal
Tidal
A __________ cycle is a pathway for chemicals necessary for life to move through the environment.
biogeochemical
life
hydrochemical
oceanic
What process closely ties Oxygen and Carbon?
denitrification
nitrification
oxygenation
photosynthesis
Nitrogen Composes How Much of the Earth’s Atmosphere?
58%
22%
78%
92%
The chemical process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted to nitrogenous compounds that can be taken up by plants is known as ____________
nitrogen fixation
denitirification
nitrogen bacterization
nitrogen compensation
A farmer has concerns about the nitrogen levels in her soils.
What can she do to ensure that the nitrogen bacteria are replenished in the soil?
Plant a crop of legumes, such as clover or alfalfa.
Plant a crop of mushrooms to speed up decomposition.
Plant more plants to increase transpiration.
Clear cut the area surrounding the field.
What role do decomposers play in the cycling of material in a biogeochemical cycle?
Decomposers incorporate some organic compounds into their bodies and release some back to the environment as waste.
Decomposers make chemicals from the nonliving environment into organic compounds.
Decomposers break down organisms to supply the soil, water, and air with inorganic chemicals.
Decomposers use nonliving processes such as rain and fire to make inorganic chemicals.
The use of fossil fuels is a concern because it can lead to which of the following?
eutrophication
global warming
increased runoff
polluted water
Carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere through each of the following processes except one which one?
volcanic eruptions
burning of fossil fuels
photosynthesis
respiration
Where is the largest reservoir of carbon on earth located?
on land
oceans
freshwater
the atmosphere
Why is nitrogen fixation such an important step in the nitrogen cycle?
Decomposers need to use NH4+.
Plants can’t use nitrogen in the form of N2 .
Bacteria convert the fixed nitrogen back into N2.
Soil nitrogen is different.
What is the residence time for carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
5-10 years
10-20 years
30-40 years
100-150 years
Which of the following biogeochemical cycles can be influenced by human activity and cause eutrophication of a local water supply?
carbon cycle
nitrogen cycle
oxygen cycle
water cycle
During which of the following steps of the water cycle is water changed from a vapor state to a liquid state?
Transpiration
Precipitation
Evaporation
Condensation
What impact can deforestation have on the water cycle?
Transpiration declines.
Carbon dioxide is released into the air as trees are burned.
Photosynthesis increases, thereby increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
The amount of nitrogen-fixing bacteria increases.
Which of the following is the source of energy for the water cycle?
volcanic eruptions
gravity
winds
the sun
Which star is closest to earth?
the milky way
polaris
the sun
sirius
Energy from the sun comes from fusion. What happens during that reaction?
Oxygen turns into carbon dioxide.
Hydrogen turns into helium
Helium turns into hydrogen.
Carbon dioxide turns into oxygen.
What is the innermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere called?
photosphere
troposphere
corona
chromosphere
At times during a month, there is no moon visible from earth, even on a clear night. Which phase of the moon is this?
full moon
new moon
first quarter moon
third quarter moon
During which phase of the moon is it possible to experience a solar eclipse?
full moon
new moon
first quarter moon
third quarter moon
Which of the following causes the seasons?
Rotation of Earth's Axis
Distance From the Sun
Tilt of Earth's Axis
Revolution of Moon around Earth
When is it summer in the Northern Hemisphere?
when neither pole is receiving the most direct sunlight
when the Northern Hemisphere is closest to the sun
when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun
during an equinox
How long is a lunar month?
30 Days
23.5 Days
29.5 Days
365.25 Days
Which of the following is true for both gas planets and terrestrial planets?
They have rings
They have moons orbiting them
They are round in shape
They rotate in the same direction
Which Planets are denser?
Dwarf Planets
Gas Giants
Terrestrial Planets
Kuiper Planets
What kind of energy wave can travel in a vacuum?
gamma
heat
radio
light
How does a refracting telescope gather light to focus an image?
Tube holding 1 lens
A set of lenses
a set of mirrors
Tube holding 1 mirror
At what position of the earth in its orbit is it summertime in the Northern Hemisphere?
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
Position 4
Which classification describes the Milky Way?
Regular Spiral
Irregular
Barred Spiral
Elliptical
What is a galaxy?
An enormous group of gas, dust, stars and their solar systems all held together by gravity
An enormous group of gas and dust that surrounds planets and their stars
Stars, planets, and moons that orbit another star
A group of stars experiencing the same pull of gravity
