Superficial or light peels, a type of __, are aesthetician-administered and generally include enzymes, glycolic acid, lactic acid, and in some cases Jessner’s solution, and low percentage TCA

Aesthetician’s should have a thorough understanding of advanced topics and treatments because:

Chemical exfoliation is the process of removing dead skin cells from the corneum layers of the epidermis as:

Mechanical exfoliation:

Manual exfoliation:

Chemical exfoliation:

Advanced training and certification are not necessary to perform exfoliating treatment and peels

Peels and chemical exfoliation services are efficient and take __ time than the more relaxing, full facials

Peels and chemical exfoliation services yield more significant results, help produce a clinical change in the skin, and are commonly used to address:

Your regulatory agency will determine the guidelines regarding the strength and pH of the products you can use:

__ will determine the treatment protocol, including the type of acid, the procedure time, the strength, the application process, and assisting ingredients

Protocols vary depending on the product line, but the basic process consists of applying the product, neutralizing, and removing it within __

Some peels don’t require neutralizing, as they are self-neutralizing

pH of 0 to 6:

pH of 7:

pH of 8 to 14:

pH of 4.5 to 5.5:

Acids penetrate the skin and can be a cause of irritation because of their __ molecular size

A pH of less than __ is not recommended for salon peels, and most states do not allow use of a lower pH

__ are ingredients added to products to help make them less irritating

Products with a __ acid percentage and a __ pH or more irritating

A acid needs to have a pH __ than the skins pH to be effective

Lemon juice, vinegar, hair and skin:

Rainwater:

Distilled water:

Baking soda, ammonia and lye:

A spa level of 30% concentration of glycolic acid is usually formulated to have a pH of __ if it is buffered properly

Physician peels have a higher percentage concentration and a lower pH

AHA home care product formulations sold by spas range from __ percent acid

Physicians carry home care products with higher percentages of acid

Peels are sometimes used to restore a skin’s natural glow, which can be inhibited in __ skin and skin that is not functioning optimally at the physiological level

The cell renewal factor, or cell turnover rate, is the rate of cell mitosis and migration from the __ to the top of the __. The process slows with age

Cell turnover rate for babies:

Cell turnover rate for teens:

Cell turnover rate for adults:

Cell turnover rate for people 50 and older:

Keeping cell __ going is one of the goals of skin reservation

Factors influencing the __ include genetics the natural environment, medical history, lifestyle, personal care and exfoliation methods

The keratinized corneum layer is composed of approximately ___ layers and varies and thickness in different body areas

Overpeeling is detrimental to the skin, and monitoring the client during a treatment plan is imperative

While exfoliating is great for the skin, a hydrolipidic balance must be maintained, especially for __ skin

Superficial peeling remove cells from only the stratum corneum

Superficial peels:

Medium depth peels:

Deep peels:

Superficial or light peels (chemical exfoliators) are aesthetician administered; glycolic acid and lactic acid are generally __ percent or less

Low percentage TCAs, (chemical exfoliators) administered by estheticians peel of __ layers

Physicians use high-strength peel formulations that are designed to penetrate deeper into the dermal layer

Physicians can use glycolic acid of __ percent or more

Physicians can use peels of __ layers, which contain lactic acid, salicylic acid, and resorcinol in an ethanol solvent

A type of physician peel not commonly used:

AKA Baker’s peel:

AKA carbolic acid:

Medium-depth peels are performed primarily with stronger TCA concentrations by physicians to remove the entire upper dermis and part of the papillary dermis

There has been a movement toward the use of ablative lasers versus deep-peeling solutions due to the ability to control the depth of the procedure

Ablative laser:

With lasers, you can limit the number of passes, but peel solutions may penetrate beyond the desired depth

Peels and chemical exfoliation result in:

Exfoliated skin needs to be protected from sun exposure and tanning to avoid hyperpigmentation and damage to the skin

Consult with the client before applying a chemical exfoliant; follow the manufacturer’s instructions, and whenever possible perform a patch test on the __ 24 to 48 hours before giving a treatment