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Production of Insulin by Genetic Engineering

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following cannot serve as an external source of insulin except by genetic engineering?
a)
Escherichia coli
b)
Sheep
c)
Goat
d)
Cow
2.
What is a transgenic organism?
a)
an organism that has human DNA inside it
b)
an organism that has human insulin gene inside it
c)
an organism that has the gene or DNA of another organism inside it
d)
an organism that produces human insulin
3.
Which type of diabetes cannot be treated using genetically engineered insulin?
a)
insulin dependent diabetes
b)
non-insulin dependent diabetes
c)
aggressive diabetes
d)
infectious diabetes
4.
Human insulin produced by genetic engineering is better because (a) it acts faster (b) it lasts longer in the body (c) it does not cause allergic reactions
a)
a,b, and c
b)
a and c
c)
b and c
d)
a only
5.
The structure from which insulin mRNA can be obtained is ………………………………
a)
pancreas
b)
islets of Langerhans
c)
blood plasma
d)
liver
6.
which of the following component is not necessary to be included in forming recombinant DNA for insulin production by bacteria?
a)
antibiotic resistance marker
b)
eukaryotic promoter
c)
prokaryotic promoter
7.
for individuals who have developed tolerance to animal insulin
a)
little amount of the insulin causes large unwanted reduction in blood glucose level
b)
their muscles and liver cells do not respond well to the insulin introduced
c)
insulin produced by genetic engineering may not be of much help to them
d)
insulin is destroyed by their phagocytes once introduced
8.

Why is insulin produced by genetic engineering more rapid in its action?

a)

it is similar to animal insulin

b)

It has a shape that is exactly similar to that of natural human insulin

c)

It has higher optimum temperature of activity

d)

it is transported more rapidly by the blood to target sites

9.

In producing insulin by genetic engineering, what is the first step to take?

a)

isolate insulin from pancreas

b)

isolate insulin mRNA from pancreas

c)

isolate insulin DNA from pancreas

d)

isolate insulin from animal tissue

10.
mRNA is converted to cDNA by ………………
a)
Ligase enzyme
b)
Reverse Transcriptase enzyme
c)
Restriction Endonuclease enzyme
d)
RNA polymerase enzyme
11.
double stranded DNA is produced by ……………………….
a)
Ligase enzyme
b)
Reverse Transcriptase enzyme
c)
Restriction Endonuclease enzyme
d)
DNA polymerase enzyme
12.
During the production of insulin by genetic engineering, the cloning process usually occurs when?
a)
after bacteria has been transformed
b)
after recombinant DNA has been formed
c)
just before the recombinant DNA is formed
d)
after production of double stranded DNA
13.

When is the best time to incorporate appropriate markers into the recombinant DNA?

a)

just before introducing the rDNA into the bacteria

b)

during the formation of the rDNA

c)

when forming the single stranded DNA

d)

when isolating mRNA

14.

What's the importance of marker genes?

a)

it helps identify transformed bacteria that are antibiotic resistant

b)

it helps to identify transformed bacteria that have taken up the desired gene

c)

it helps identify transformed bacteria that contain plasmids

d)

it helps identify bacteria that have been ligated

15.
Which of the following enzymes is not required during the process of producing genetically engineered bacteria that can synthesise insulin?
a)
Ligase enzyme
b)
RNA polymerase enzyme
c)
DNA Polymerase enzyme
d)
Restriction endonuclease enzyme
16.
Which of the following enzyme will not be active when a genetically engineered bacteria wants to reproduce and produce insulin?
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
Restriction endonuclease enzyme
c)
RNA Polymerase enzyme
d)
Peptidyl transferase enzyme
17.

Cloning of transformed bacteria is done inside a ……………………….

a)

PCR machine

b)

Fermenter

c)

agarose filled petri dish

d)

gel electrophoresis machine

18.
Why is it wrong to try and extract insulin mRNA from liver cells?
a)
liver cells do not have the insulin gene
b)
liver cells do not have the insulin gene active in them
c)
liver cells have receptors for the insulin gene
d)
liver cells are delicate and can get destroyed during the process
19.

In what way does the action of reverse transcriptase differ from that of RNA polymerase

a)

it has active sites that can accommodate RNA nucleotides

b)

it has active site that can accommodate DNA nucleotides

c)

it forms double stranded DNA from mRNA

d)

it is a globular protein

20.
Restriction enzymes produces DNA fragments with ………………………
a)
sharp ends
b)
sticky ends
c)
rounded ends
d)
short ends
21.

Which restriction enzyme will produce sticky ends (a) BamHI (b) EcoRI (c) Alul

a)

A and B

b)

A only

c)

A and C

d)

B and C

22.

DNA fragments formed by BamHI are best ligated with DNA fragments formed by

a)

BamHI

b)

EcoRI

c)

HaeIII

d)

HindIII

23.

DNA fragments formed by BamHI cannot be ligated with DNA fragments formed by EcoRI because ………………………..

a)

EcoRI does not produce sticky ends

b)

the sticky ends of EcoRI are longer than those of BamHI

c)

the sticky ends produced by EcoRI are not complimentary to those produced by BamHI

d)

both of them have blunt ends

24.

If the cDNA containing the insulin gene was treated with BamHI enzyme, which enzyme should be used to digest the bacterial plasmids?

a)

BamHI

b)

EcoRI

c)

HaeIII

d)

HindIII

25.
The word palindromic is associated with ……………………..
a)
Restriction endonuclease
b)
Restriction exonuclease
c)
Ligase
d)
Taq polymerase
26.
A DNA plasmid has 3 restriction sites for EcorRI and 2 restrction sites for BamHII; how many fragments will be produced if the plasmid is incubated with both enzymes?
a)
4
b)
6
c)
5
d)
3
27.
A linear DNA sample has 3 restriction sites for EcorRI and 2 restrction sites for BamHII; how many fragments will be produced if the plasmid is incubated with both enzymes?
a)
4
b)
6
c)
5
d)
3
28.
what is incubated with restriction enzyme during the process of producing genetically engineered bacteria that can synthesize insulin?
a)
Human insulin mRNA
b)
human insulin cDNA
c)
bacterial plasmids
d)
single stranded human insulin DNA
29.
What is the role of ligase enzyme during the process of producing genetically engineered bacteria?
a)
to digest cDNA
b)
to join the different DNA fragments together
c)
to form double stranded DNA from single stranded DNA
d)
to clone rDNA
30.
Which ions are requried during the insertion of the rDNA into the host bacterium?
a)
Calcium ions
b)
Potassium ions
c)
Phosphate ions
d)
Chloride ions
31.
which two things will contribute to the insersion of rDNA into bacteria cells?
a)
heat shock
b)
restriction enzymes
c)
antibiotics
d)
electric shock
32.

Identify the false statement: an ideal plasmid vector must ………………………

a)

have single target site for diffferent restriction enzymes

b)

have multiple target sites for one restriction enzyme

c)

have low molecular mass

d)

have a promoter sequence

33.
Which part of the plasmid vector allows it to be cloned during PCR?
a)
antibiotic resistance marker
b)
promoter sequence
c)
origin of replication
d)
restriction sites
34.
Which part of the plasmid vector allows identification of transformed bacteria
a)
antibiotic resistance marker
b)
promoter sequence
c)
origin of replication
d)
restriction sites
35.
Which part of the plasmid vector promotes transcription during the large scale production phase?
a)
antibiotic resistance marker
b)
promoter sequence
c)
origin of replication
d)
restriction sites
36.

Which part of the plasmid vector allows the incorporation of the human gene for insulin?

a)

antibiotic resistance marker

b)

promoter sequence

c)

origin of replication

d)

restriction sites

37.
Which of the following cannot be used in identifying transformed bacteria
a)
gene for antibiotic resistance
b)
gene for insulin production
c)
gene for flourescent substance
d)
gene for easily stained substance
38.
the use of antibiotic resistance markers is no longer encouraged because …………………
a)
using them is more expensive
b)
using them increases the risk of transfering infections to diabetics
c)
using them increase the risk of transfering antibiotic resistance to pathogenic bacteria
d)
using them increase the risk of transfering antibiotic resistance to viruses
39.
Insulin produced by eukaryotic cells works better than insulin produced by bacteria cells. Why?
a)
eukaryotic cells have eukaryotic promoters to speed up the production process
b)
eukaryotic cells have ER and Golgi Apparatus to modify the protein
c)
eukaryotic cells are more advanced
d)
eukaryotic cells can reproduce faster
40.
Which of the following can be produced by genetic engineering?
a)
Factor III protein
b)
Factor VIII protein
c)
Factor VI protein
d)
Factor XII protein

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