That part of the building foundation which forms the permanent retaining wall of the structure below grade

Joint employed to reduce restraint by accommodating movement of masonry walls are known as

A system of framing a building in which the studs are continuous to roof supporting second floor joints

Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall with a hand operated machine

A principal member of the truss which extends from one end to the other primarily to resist bending

A protein: the chief nitrogenous ingredient in milk is

A composition of two or more metals fused together usually to obtain a desired property

The horizontal distance from the face of a lock or latch to the center of the knob or lock cylinder

A commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its corrosion resistance and ductility

Horizontal stud Filipino term

Riser Filipino term

Collar plate Filipino term

Temper (metal work) Filipino term

Plumb line Filipino term

A beam that projects beyond one or both its support

A wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the wall

A modern method of installing wood parquet flooring on wooden boards sub-flooring is by

The standard height of window sills for office rooms in upper floors

The dimension of commercial acoustic boards for aluminum T-runners used for dropped-ceiling in offices

In the design of a large shopping centers where space is required, intervals of columns can be wider than the ordinary by adopting a structural method of construction

Humidification and condensation in exterior walls can be minimized by

Heat gain through the structure of a habitable room occur in tropical region at walls and roofs by conduction. This can be minimized by the use of

A material used to remedy vapor flow

Dry walls do not require appreciable mount of moisture and they are customarily finished with

Wallboards or plywood maybe applied over studs. They can also be applied over CHB masonry wall by using

To turn back water whenever joints occur in which dissimilar materials come together, it is necessary to provide

The part of a foundation system which supports the exterior walls of a superstructure and bears directly on the column footing is a

A narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallel boards in the same plane

The stressing of unbounded tendons after concrete has cured

The boxing in of covering a joist, beam or girder to give the appearance of a larger beam

A system of framing a building on which floor joists of each storey rest on the top plates of the storey below and teh bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each storey

Pressure exerted against the underground portion of a building created by the presence of water in the soil

A window which projects outside the main line of a building and the compartment in which it is located extends to the floor

A form of brick bond in which each course is alternately composed of entirely of headers or of stretchers

A joint formed when a concrete surface hardens before the next batch of concrete is placed against it

An iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon which has high compressive strength but low tensile strength

Plastered course Filipino term

Bottom chord Filipino term

Perlin Filipino term

Eave Filipino term

Top chord Filipino term

Best material which will reduce moisture in a wall when used

Plaster or plywood ceiling on nailers or joists below a ventilated roof space may show "pattern staining" on the ceiling. This can be prevented by

Heat gain through the walls in buildings exposed to afternoon sun intensifies discomfort of inhabitants because of conductivity. However, this can be minimized by the use of

Sound or noise between bedrooms may be reduced by using less expensive materials with the application of construction techniques

One method of leveling batter boards without the transit is the use of

A manual method of squaring the corners of a building lines in building layout is the use of

When dry conditions are demanded of asphalt tile floor finished on concrete over earth, apply the waterproofing (WP) steps

Due to temperature effects in materials, concrete walls, slabs of long buildings, new building adjoining existing buildings should be provided with