Which of the following describes an antiseptic process?

What is the correct order of most resistant to least resistant to methods of control?

The a large amount of microbial growth would generally _________ the effectiveness of a method of control.

You want to make your own hand sanitizer. You have some aloe vera gel but must go out to buy the alcohol portion. In the store, there are the following alcohol concentrations available. Which should you use for your homemade hand sanitizer?

Microbes are considered dead when they can no longer reproduce under conditions that would normally support their reproduction.

What is the D-value of this particular graph?

Most chemical cleaners are more effective at what pH?

Rubbing your hands together while washing with plain water would be a

Hydrogen peroxide is most effective in its liquid form and on living tissue like a cut or scrape.

Halogens like iodine work by

Anionic detergents like hand soap are considered disinfectants because of the way that they surround hydrophobic molecules and make them soluble in water.

Ozone is primarily used as a disinfectant for what?

Adding nitrite to a food preserves it by

Chlorine bleach can destroy all bacteria and fungi, including endospores.

Phenolics are found in what common household cleaner?

Select all chemical methods of control

Autoclaving uses what kind of control method?

Freezing kills up to ____ of microbes

In food spoilage, the microbes we are most concerned about are

Ionizing radiation is effective against endospores but may or may not kill viruses.

Some fish have formed interspecies relationships where a larger "client" fish is cleaned of bacteria and parasites by a smaller "cleaner fish." What best describes this relationship?

A patient comes in complaining of abdominal pain and nausea. While the patient is being examined, they vomit.  You run a fecal analysis and find an abnormal amount of E. coli in their stool. You also check their temperature and they have a fever of 100.5 $\degree$ . Which of these things are signs? 

Around 80% of adults have oral herpes, however, most only get cold sores periodically. This disease would be classified as a

COVID19 is not only a communicable disease but is also a contagious disease.

A non digestible food item that you ingest for the purpose of stimulating the growth of desirable bacteria in the colon would be classified as

In this graph, what is the endemic level of this disease?

What terms describe the current COVID19 outbreak?

COVID19 has a period of up to 2 weeks where someone can be infected without knowing it. This kind of carrier would be a(n)

Mosquitoes spread malaria from person to person and can be affected by the parasite themselves. This would make them what kind of vector?

Microorganisms use active and passive escape equally to leave the host.

Quarantine falls under what control method of epidemics?

Which of these is not a reason for emerging and reemerging infectious diseases?

Nosocomial infections are a concern because

Which of these would not contribute to virulence of a disease?

During what phase of a pathogen's infection could a disease turn into bacteremia?

Endotoxins are only found in gram positive bacteria

Diphtheria is an example of what type of toxin

Endotoxins cause general systemic effects while exotoxins can often target specific tissues or organs.

Complement is a part of innate immunity and cannot adapt to new pathogens.

Which of these is not a possible outcome of the complement system?

Which of these is not a method of immune response evasion that bacteria can employ?

Moderna just recently moved into phase III of their COVID19 vaccine trial. The vaccine works by using human cellular machinery to create antigens for the immune system to recognize. What type of vaccine is this?

A vaccine that contains an inactivated exotoxin would be considered a

Immunity acquired by the administration of an antivenom would be considered (pick 2)

Who is credited with the discovery of vaccines?

Penicillin was originally isolated from a ________ species

An antibiotic includes both drugs that interfere with the growth of microbes in a host and substances produced by microbes that inhibit the growth of another species of microbe.

Which class of antibiotic would be least harmful to eukaryotic cells?

Sulfonamides work by inhibiting folic acid synthesis and are thus narrow spectrum drugs.

What does this antibiotic disc sensitivity test tell you about the use of these two antibiotics at the same time?