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WorksheetsModule 3 Revision
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 50mins
the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
biodiversity
demography
carrying capacity
poaching
a species that is not native to a particular region
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
species that are native to and found only within a limited area
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
a species at risk, but not yet endangered
endangered
exotic
endemic
threatened
Why is biodiversity important to ecosystems?
It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.
It increases at each level of the food chain.
What factor contributes most to the sustainability of a habitat?
Competition between large predators
Large variety of organisms
Presence of volcanic rock
Absence of bacterial species
Over time, scientists are predicting the Baltic Sea to become less salty. As a result, there will be less biodiversity. Which best explains why the biodiversity of the Baltic Sea would decrease?
Fewer types of plants and animals are found in warm water than in cool water.
Plants and animals adapted for living in saltwater will grow more slowly in water that has less salt.
Plants and animals adapted for living in saltier conditions will not be able to survive and reproduce.
Animals adapted for living in warm water will eat all the plants and animals adapted for living in cool water.
Which of the following is a description of an abiotic factor that makes up part of a desert habitat?
Sparse growth of cottonwood trees.
Extremes of day and night temperatures.
Few large predators, such as coyotes
Leafless, waxy-coated plant with sharp spines.
What ecological term matches the following definition? a group of individuals belonging to the same species living in a particular area at the same time.
ecosystem
community
population
biodiversity
What ecological term matches the following definition? a self-sustaining unit consisting of the interactions between the community and the environment?
ecosystem
community
population
biodiversity
What is selection pressures?
Internal agents affecting the ability of an organism to survive in a given environment
Internal organs affecting the ability of an organism to breathe in a given environment
External agents affecting the ability of an organism to survive in a given environment
External factors that have no effect on the survival of an organism
Which of the following is true?
Selection pressures can be only positive
Selection pressures can be positive or negative
Selection pressures can be only negative
Selection pressures is a myth
Selection pressures may change over time
True
False
Which organism would MOST LIKELY be adapted for life in a desert environment?
A bright red, tree frog
A dark, green crocodile
A large, white rabbit with long, thick fur
A small, tan coyote with very short, thin fur
Which statement BEST describes how hibernation enhances a ground squirrel’s chance of survival?
During hibernation, the ground squirrel’s heart rate speeds up to warm its body.
Hibernation causes the ground squirrel to die but come back to life when the weather gets warm again.
During hibernation, the ground squirrel moves to a warmer climate and doesn’t return until it gets warm again.
Hibernation slows the ground squirrel’s body processes down so it uses less energy during the cold months when food is scarce.
What are examples of biotic features of an ecosystem?
Frog, pond, competition and rocks
Rocks, air, water and temperature
Mosquito, frog, feeding relationships and competition
Grass, apple tree, soil and mates
What is the main difference between an aquatic and a terrestrial ecosystem?
What is a biome?
another term for food webs
a large human-made community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat
a large naturally occurring community of plants and animals occupying a major habitat
an natural ecosystem which is home to a variety of animals occupying a specific area
What is an ecosystem?
What are examples of abiotic features of an ecosystem?
Turtle, fish, mosquito and feeding relationships
Water, air, temperature and sunlight
Fox, oxygen levels, human and grain
Sunlight, whale, krill and water
Define biodiversity
the variety of habitats present in Australia
the variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat
the factors affecting plant and animal survival
the factors affecting the relationships between plants and animals in a particular habitat
Why is biodiversity important for the survival of a species?
Which of the following is a mechanism for evolution?
Creationism
Theory of Natural Selection
Adaptations
Mutualism
What is the driving force of natural selection?
Isolation
Mutation
Survival
Selection Pressures
What are the two types of environmental pressures?
earth and water
natural and man-made
living and non-living
biotic and abiotic
What selection pressure is shown here?
Predation
Camouflage
Habitat
Competition
Which moths are the fittest in the right hand picture?
White
Black
Who are the fittest?
Those that survive
The best looking
Those who score highest on the beep test
Those that survive and reproduce fertile offspring
Within what time frame does natural selection occur?
several months
several years
several generations
several million years
Was this plant successfully controlled by a biological agent?
Yes
No
What organism was successfully used to deplete the prickly pear population in Australia?
Cane beetles
Cane toads
Cactoblastis
Some moth
How have cane toads evolved since invading Australia?
Toads on the expansion border are larger with stronger legs
Toads on the expansion border move in a purposeful direction
Toads on the expansion border lay more eggs
Toads on the expansion border are smarter
Which of the following BEST describes the mechanism of the evolution of the cane toad?
Spacial Sorting
Natural Selection
Evolution
Competition
What selection pressure is driving cane toads to expand their habitats in Australia?
The travel bug
more favorable weather conditions
competition for resources
global warming
In the presence of cane toads, who are the fittest red-bellied black snakes?
Those with large heads
Those with small heads
In the presence of cane toads, who are the fittest crocodiles?
Those who have learnt not to eat cane toads
Those who can neutralise cane toad venom
Those who have learnt to eat only the cane toad's legs
Those who have learnt to swallow the cane toads whole
Abiotic selection pressures in an organism's environment include:
grass, humans, salinity, oxygen
fire, soils, pH, trees
air temperature, light, oxygen, water
soil temperature, light, trees, insects
An example of physiological adaptation of the red kangaroo is:
blood vessels in the forelimbs which dilate in hot weather
licking the forelimbs in hot weather
a powerful tail to assist balance when hopping
a dense network of blood vessels close to the skin in forelimbs
In Australia, the cane toad is an introduced species which has undergone a population explosion and has an extensive distribution. This is a result of their:
evolutionary change within an ecosystem
rapid reproduction and lack of predators
large sole food source in the cane beetle
rapid dispersal and ability to hop
The fossil record demonstrates:
an increase in the number of organisms over small expanses of geological time
a decrease in the diversity of organisms over large expanses of geological time
an increase in the number and diversity of species over large expanses of geological time
an increase in the diversity of species over small expanses of geological time
The relatively rapid speciation of 13 different species of finches on the Galapagos Islands from a single ancestral species is an example of:
instant speciation by polyploidy
microevolution
macroevolution
adaptive radiation
According to theories about early life, the earliest organisms on Earth were single-celled. What were these organisms mostly likely to be?
Photosynthetic autotrophs
Chemosynthetic autotrophs
Heterotrophic prokaryotes (aerobic respirers)
Heterotrophic prokaryotes (fermenters)
Identify the statement that is most accurate for the relationship between evolution and natural selection.
Evolution is the mechanism for natural selection
Natural selection is the mechanism for evolution
Evolution results in natural selection
Natural selection results in evolution
Identify a change that has occurred in the distribution of Australian flora and fauna over time.
Platypus are extinct in all states except Tasmania
Kangaroos have become restricted to desert areas
Eucalypts have become more widespread
Rainforest species have become more widespread
Other insects cannot, but, a bumble bee has just enough weight to open up the snapdragon flower and pollinate. This adaption is ....
convergent evolution
co-evolution
divergent evolution
speciation
The combined alleles of all individuals in a population is called the population's
phenothype
gene pool
mutation rate
allele frequency
Natural selection could not occur without
geographic isolation
variation in the population
stable environments
competition for unlimited resources
