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Brunson Brunson Unit 0 Review Approaches/Research

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If a researcher wants to be able to predict if two variables are related to each other they would use
a)
experimental research
b)
correlational research
c)
case study
d)
illusory research
2.
A way to study an individual or a group is an example of ___?
a)
Naturalistic observation
b)
Case study
c)
Survey
d)
Random Sampling
3.
What is a double blind procedure?
a)
Participants don't know which group they're in
b)
Researchers don't know which group the participants are in
c)
Neither participants nor researcher knows who is in which group
d)
Both researcher and participants know who is in each group
4.
What is curious skepticism?
a)
Closed to new ideas
b)
Goes along with anything
c)
Doesn't ask questions but also doesn't accept new ideas
d)
Open to new ideas but still questions them
5.
What is a theory?
a)
An explaination using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events
b)
A testable prediction
c)
A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study
d)
Allows other scientists/researchers to replicate the research
6.
The tendency to believe, after learning the outcome, that you knew it all along is the definition of...
a)
Overconfidence
b)
Hindsight Bias
c)
Perceiving order in random events
d)
Critical thinking
7.
If there was a boy who claimed he could see into the future, what kind of research method would you use to study him?
a)
Case study
b)
Survey
c)
Naturalistic observation
d)
Operational study
8.
All those in a group being studied is referred to as the...
a)
Random sample
b)
Representative sample
c)
Population
d)
Sampling bias
9.
If two sets relate inversely, then it has a ___ correlation
a)
Positive
b)
Negative
c)
Causation
d)
There is no correlation
10.
The best way to assure that there is no bias in a study is to have a...
a)
Control group
b)
Random assignment
c)
Confounding variable
d)
Double-blind procedure
11.
When people have the tendency to think they know more than they do
a)
Intuition
b)
Hindsight bias
c)
Overconfidence
d)
Perceiving order in random events
12.
Recording behavior in natural environment
a)
Survey
b)
Wording effect
c)
Naturalistic observation
d)
Case study
13.
Predicts the result of a theory
a)
Hypothesis
b)
Observation
c)
Scientific method
d)
Operational definition
14.
What is that gut feeling or knowing that something is wrong or right?
a)
Hidsight bias
b)
Intuition
c)
Perceiving order
d)
Critical thinking
15.
A way of measurement that shows how much the scores depart from a mean?
a)
range
b)
reliability
c)
inferential statistics
d)
standard deviation
16.
After the student council election, a friend tells you he has known for weeks who would be elected president. What does this seem to illustrate?
a)
Overconfidence
b)
Hindsight bias
c)
Critical thinking
d)
Perceiving order in random events
17.
What are the 3 most important traits for a psychologist?
a)
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility
b)
Intelligence, humility, humor
c)
Curiosity, ignorance, organized
d)
Smart, nice, skeptical
18.
What type of research method relies on self reporting attitudes or behaviors of a particular group of people?
a)
Random sampling
b)
Wording effects
c)
Case studies
d)
Survey
19.

What is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures and how variables will be measured used in a research study?

a)
Hypothesis
b)
Theory
c)
Operational definition
d)
Case study
20.
Which of the following shows a negative correlation?
a)
As the temperature goes up, the amount of ice cream sales increases
b)
The more absences Henry has, the lower his grades are
c)
The taller you are, the more candy you eat
d)
When you eat more food, your weight increases
21.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a case study?
a)
takes too long
b)
not specific enough
c)
may not be a reliable representation of everyone - only that individual
d)
They may not be honest
22.
It is commonly believed that going outside when the weather is cold and rainy, you will get a cold. This is not true. This is an example of a(n) __.
a)
Illusory correlation
b)
placebo effect
c)
random assignment
d)
experiment
23.
A corelation coefficient __.
a)
tells what is being compared
b)
shows the factor being manipulated
c)
is the expirament
d)
describes the strength and direction of the relationship of two variables
24.
A graphed cluster of dots that represent the value of 2 variables is called what?
a)
Correlation
b)
Random shaping
c)
Sampling bias
d)
Scatter plot
25.

Which correlation coefficient demonstrates the strongest correlation?

a)

-0.92

b)
-0.38
c)

+0.11

d)

+0.67

26.

If researchers want to test to see if the results of a study is reliable, they should:

a)

ensure that conditions are assigned randomly

b)

replicate the experiment using the same procedures

c)

organize the hypothesis appropriately

d)

focus on the descriptive statistics that are measured

e)

identify all of the variables in the study: independent, dependent and confounding

27.

Research particpants are randomly assigned to one of three groups. One group listens to a list of words, another group reads a list of words, and the third group hears and reads the words. The researcher then tests the participants' memories to see how many words the members of each group can recall. The way the words are presented is which type of variable?

a)

Confounding

b)

Dependent

c)

Independent

d)

Extraneous

28.

A researcher surveyed social adjustment in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, the group of 20 people surveyed was the study's...

a)

Sample

b)

Population

c)

Operational definition

d)

Control group

29.

All of the following are American Psychological Association (APA) ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

a)

Research may not involve deception

b)

Participiation must be voluntary

c)

Participants must be informed of potential risks

d)

Participants must be offered alternative activities if research participation is a course requirement

e)

Particpants' right to privacy must be protected

30.

This modern approach to psychology focuses on how the brain and body enable sensation and emotions.

a)

Behavioral

b)

Biological

c)

Cognitive

d)

Psychodynamic

31.

The variable manipulated by the researcher is the

a)

Dependent Variable

b)

Independent Variable

c)

Confounding Variable

d)

Correlational variable

32.

This is an example of

a)

Positive Skew

b)

Negative Skew

c)

Positive Correlation

d)

Negative Correlation

33.

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution is known as the

a)

Range

b)

Mean

c)

Median

d)

Mode

34.

This is an example of a

a)

Positive skew

b)

Negative skew

c)

Positive Correlation

d)

Negative Correlation

35.

The ethical guideline for research in which participants must agree to be a part of the study is known as

a)

Informed consent

b)

Confidentiality

c)

Free from harm

d)

Debriefing

36.

In an experiment, the variable that changes in response to independent variable is known as

a)

Independent variable

b)

Dependent variable

c)

Changing variable

d)

Control variable

37.

This is an example of what?

a)

Negative Correlation

b)

Positive Correlation

c)

Negative skew

d)

Positive skew

38.

This modern approach to psychology that supports that behavior is due to conditioning.

a)

Behavioral

b)

Biological

c)

Cognitive

d)

Evolutionary

39.

Repeating a research study, using different participants to see if findings extended to other people and situations is known as what

a)

Random assignment

b)

Operational definition

c)

Replication

d)

Control group

40.
Which of the 7 approaches would be used to look at a child's experiences and how they affected them today?
a)
Biology
b)
Psychoanalytic
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Cognitive
41.
A psychologist wants to see if the kids around town have been influencing Billy. Which approach should be used?
a)
Behaviorism
b)
Biology
c)
Socio-Cultural
d)
Humanism
42.
What us the definition of evolutionary psychology?
a)
Focus on learning through rewards, punishments, and observatins
b)
How the natural selection of traits has promoted the survival genes
c)
Examines our thought processes, how we solve problems, make decisions and develop language
d)
Interactions we have with enviornment and other people in the environment
43.
“How can we achieve full potential?” What approach is being represented here?
a)
humanism
b)
behaviorism
c)
biological
d)
evolutionary
44.
Hormones, heredity, tumors, and disease all fall into the category of what approach?
a)
Biological
b)
cognitive
c)
humanism
d)
evolutionary
45.

The participants in research who serve as the baseline for comparison.

a)

Variable group

b)

Control group

c)

Experimental group

d)

Neutral group

46.

As miles driven in a car increases, the gallons of gas remaining decreases.

a)

Positive correlation

b)

No correlation

c)

Negative correlation

d)

Weak correlation

47.

When researchers meet with participants at a study's conclusion to reveal information and ensure their well-being.

a)

Confidentiality

b)

Informed Consent

c)

Debriefing

d)

Revelation

48.

Indicated by p-value

a)

Scatterplot

b)

Correlation coefficient

c)

Null hypothesis

d)

Statistical significance

49.

The type of graph that depicts the direction and strength of a correlation

a)

Bar graph

b)

Scatterplot

c)

Histogram

d)

Pie chart

50.

A variable outside of what is being controlled in the experiment that has an unwanted effect on the results.

a)

Independent variable

b)

Control variable

c)

Confounding variable

d)

Neutral Variable

51.

Research must maintain utmost protection of all participants’ information and identity.

a)

Debriefing

b)

Informed Consent

c)

Confidentiality

d)

Anonymity

52.

Which shows a pattern of scores usually observed in a variable that clusters around its average - Mean, Median and Mode are all the same. MEAN is measure of central tendency used.

a)

Scatterplot

b)

Normal Curve

c)

Histogram

d)

Pie Chart

53.

The magnitude, or strength, of a relationship between two or more variables

a)

Self Reporting Bias

b)

Effect Size

c)

Sample Size

d)

Hindsight Bias

54.

A type of measurement error in which subjects inaccurately report data about themselves. Often done to impress the researcher.

a)

Self Reporting Bias

b)

Effect Size

c)

Sample Size

d)

Hindsight Bias

55.

A type of research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.

a)

Quantitative

b)

Skewed

c)

Qualitative

d)

Descriptive

56.

A type of research that collects and reports data primarily in numerical form.

a)

Quantitative

b)

Skewed

c)

Qualitative

d)

Meta Analysis

57.

A type of research that relies on what is seen in field or naturalistic settings more than on statistical data.

a)

Quantitative

b)

Skewed

c)

Qualitative

d)

Meta Analysis

58.

The process of statistically analyzing data from previously published research studies.

a)

Quantitative

b)

Skewed

c)

Qualitative

d)

Meta Analysis

59.

The percentage of scores below a specific score in a distribution of scores.

a)

Percentile Quality

b)

Percentile Function

c)

Percentile Status

d)

Percentile Rank

60.

A prediction that there is no difference between groups or conditions, or a statement or an idea that can be falsified, or proved wrong.

a)

Null Hypothesis

b)

No Correlation

c)

Falsified Theory

d)

Complete Nonsens

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