Font size
WorksheetsWorld History review (sem 1)
Total questions: 135
Worksheet time: 2hrs 15mins
One of the basic features of civilization is
increased job specialization.
equal rights for women.
fewer social divisions and classes.
simpler religious beliefs.
How might the development of spoken language have influenced the religious beliefs of Stone Age people?
Spoken language would have encouraged humans to create religious cave paintings.
Spoken language would have made family groups more suspicious of outsiders.
Spoken language would have created a new class of religious leaders.
Spoken language would have allowed religious beliefs to spread more quickly.
Which advance best completes the list? *
The domestication of plants and animals
The use of stone tools
_____________________
The rise of permanent settlements
The use of the chariot
The invention of the waterwheel
The development of sanitation systems
What two activities formed the basis of Sumer's economy
farming and trade
writing and religion
astronomy and wheels
mathematics and technology
As methods of cultural diffusion, what do migration, trade, and warfare have in common?
They each cause interaction between people from different cultures.
They each cause people to have to adapt to new cultures.
They each cause one culture to be taken over by another culture.
They each lead to the destruction of weaker cultures.
What geographic feature of the Fertile Crescent led to the rise of Sumerian civilization?
It was very dry
It had insufficient topsoil
It had hard clay soil
It flooded often
How did Sumerians use cuneiform to strengthen their religious practice?
They wrote down their religious experiences
Priests wrote letters to their gods
Common people wrote letters to priests
They wrote down prayers
Immediate changes in ancient civilizations were often caused by
environmental changes and events
increased warfare against nomadic peoples
religious sacrifices and other ceremonies
new trade routes
How did the Phoenicians' culture spread across the ancient Middle East?
They traded with many peoples
Visitors came to the city of Tyre
They wrote with their new alphabet
Their purple dye and tin were very popular trade goods
As villages grew into cities, social organization became more complex. People were ranked according to
their family lineage
their political affiliations
their jobs
their religious beliefs
How did the Babylonians use and adapt Sumerian mathematical knowledge?
They developed multiplication and geometry.
They developed multiplication and division.
They developed algebra and geometry.
They developed algebra and calculus.
What generally happened when one empire in the ancient Middle East conquered another empire?
The laws of the conquered nation stayed in effect.
The government employed people from the conquered and conquering nations.
The cultures of the conquered and conquering nations blended together.
The new rulers enslaved the people of the conquered nation.
How did the social structure develop in settled farming villages during the Neolithic Revolution?
Men taught young children survival skills
Women gained prestige as warriors and leaders
Women formed and supervised a council of elders
Men began dominating social, political, and economic life
What would be different about modern society if the Neolithic Revolution had not occurred?
People would not live in large towns and cities
All societies would be rules by monarchs
People would not use tools to do work
The human population would be much more numerous
The first civilizations in the Americas differed from the first civilizations in Africa and Asia because they
depended on silt to make their soil fertile
developed in river valleys
developed independently of other civilizations
developed in highlands areas
Which medieval European practice is most similar to the legal remedy given in the excerpt above?
Trial by jury
Judicial duel
Trial by ordeal
Royal decree
How do you know the Sumerian government was both a monarchy and a theocracy?
Kings were worshipped as gods.
The king was an absolute ruler as well as a leading religious official.
Priests were the absolute rulers of the city-states.
Traders and merchants, along with the king, were the richest members of society.
Why are the roots of the Neolithic Revolution traced to the development of farming?
Farming helped people to develop techniques for making stone tools
Farming allowed people to live in permanent villages year-round
Farming provided more wealth than hunting and gathering
Farming taught people new skills necessary for planning cities
The most likely reason Neolithic peoples formed governments was because they needed to
fight strategic wars with global allies
promote new farming techniques
organize large public works projects
develop the new social class system
Which of these is a Persian influence on later civilizations?
Persia developed a set of laws
Persia started using the barter economy
Persia used iron to make weapons
Persia set up a bureaucratic government
Why is Hammurabi's Code a great Babylonian achievement?
It established laws that created peace and stability
It created a system of roads that unified the empire
It listed all of the powers of the rulers of the empire
It made people financially responsible for their military
What aspect of Hittite culture gradually spread across the region?
their writing system
their technology for extracting iron
their style of architecture
their music
In Hinduism, what is the role of reincarnation in achieving moksha?
Reincarnation and moksha are determined by ahimsa
Reincarnation prevents people from achieving moksha
Moksha is the essential self, which reincarnation allows one to discover
Reincarnation allows one to work toward moksha through several lifetimes
Which democratic concept reflects Judeo-Christian influence?
Responsible citizens vote in elections
People are entitled to freedom of speech
people should elect their leaders
A person is innocent until proven guilty
How are Hindu beliefs related to the caste system in India?
Hinduism urges people to move out of their castes
Hindus reject the caste system, offering the hope of nirvana to all
To Hindus, all existence is ranked
The caste system is the foundation of Hinduism
Which advance best completes the list?
The domestication of plants and animals
The use of stone tools
_________
The use of the chariot
The invention of the waterwheel
The development of sanitation systems
The rise of permanent settlements
How did the social structure develop in settled farming villages during the Neolithic Revolution?
Women formed and supervised a council of elders
Men began dominating social, political, and economic life
Women gained prestige as warriors and leaders
Men taught young children survival skills
How did King Solomon's death affect the Israelites?
They began to record their experiences in the Torah
They discontinued building the temple
The tribes were united into a single nation
Their kingdom split into two
The Indo-Aryans shifted from a life sustained by nomadic herding to a life based on farming. This transition resulted in -
the division of land between Hindus and Muslims based on religious practices
the integration of Confucian ideals into a Legalist form of government
the specialization of labor and the development of the caste system
the appointment of satraps who collected taxes on behalf of the king
How did Egypt grow strong during the New Kingdom?
increased self-sufficiency, powerful and capable pharaohs, a period of peace
powerful and capable pharaohs, increased self-sufficiency, victories in war
victories in war, a new religion, increased trade
powerful and capable pharaohs, increased trade, a period of peace
In what way was the Nile both a benefit and a disadvantage for Egypt?
It provided water and fertility, but also prevented Egyptians from reaching the Mediterranean
It provided water and fertility, but also brought destruction through flooding
It provided water and fertility, but also divided Upper Egypt from Lower Egypt
It provided water and fertility, but also drew water from the surrounding desert, making it less fertile
According to Israelite belief, what was God's covenant with Abraham?
The covenant makes the Israelites the chosen people, expressing the belief that God has a plan for people of Israel
The covenant makes the Israelites rulers of Canaan, expressing the belief that God wants them to build a beautiful temple.
The covenant makes the Israelites rulers of Canaan, expressing the belief that God thinks they are powerful warriors.
The covenant makes the Israelites the chosen people, expressing the belief that God wants them to have many children.
Which of the following is a cultural achievement of the Ancient Egyptians?
They used hieroglyphics to record information
They developed a monotheistic religion
They developed the first horse-drawn war chariots
They used concrete as a building material
Which occurrence led to the spread of Buddhism beyond India?
Missionaries and traders spread Buddhism to other parts of Asia
Buddhism divided into four sects, reaching more people
Conquering Indian armies spread Buddhism throughout Asia
The Buddha's teachings were translated into English
How did increased trade and warfare affect the social classes during the New Kingdom?
More women learned to read and write and were able to hold government jobs
The social class that included merchants and artisans grew
Government officials lost status as defeats in war occurred
Women became more confined to the home
Which is a likely reason why a minor pharaoh like Tutankhamen was buried in such a magnificent tomb?
He was a favorite relative of the previous ruler Akhenaton
Nobles were happy he was dead because he neglected his duty of defending the empire
He returned Egyptian religion to its familiar gods after the failed experiment of Akhenaton.
He was the first to be buried in the desolate valley known as the Valley of the Kings.
How did Hinduism originate?
It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama
It was first practiced by the ancient Indus civilization
It grew out of the overlapping beliefs of different groups in India.
It originated as a sect of Jainism
What made the Israelites unique as an ancient civilization?
They believed their history and faith were interconnected
They were fierce warriors and objected to herding goats and sheep
They believed in only one God
They recorded their experiences in writing
What is the final goal of Buddhists?
to reach nirvana through virtuous living and meditation
to move into another caste during reincarnation
to ultimately achieve a union with brahman
to overcome nonvirtue
According to the Torah, which leader unified the tribes of Israel into a single nation?
David
Moses
Abraham
Saul
Which BEST explains why Minoan civilization was able to develop its rich culture?
Its extensive mining activities, especially gold and silver, attracted many scholars to Crete.
Its abundant agriculture helped it become a food exporter, which led to great wealth.
Its island location and trading activities allowed it to acquire ideas and technology from other civilizations.
Its advanced war technology and tactics helped it conquer most of its neighbors and plunder their wealth and culture.
What other cultures influenced Minoan civilization?
the French and British civilizations
the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations
the Roman and the Mongol civilizations
the Phoenician and Babylonian civilizations
Why did the Mycenaeans come to power in the mainland and Crete?
They inherited power from Minoans.
Their markets were the most prosperous.
They invaded and conquered the lands.
They had the most advanced culture.
According to the text, what are some of the values apparent in the Iliad and the Odyssey?
materialism, literacy, and artistry
honor, courage, and eloquence
equality, liberty, and justice
humor, hospitality, and humility
According to Greek legend, what sets off the Trojan War?
The Trojan Paris kidnaps Helen, wife of a Greek king.
The goddess Athena competes with the goddess Aphrodite.
The Greek Odysseus stops worshiping Greek gods.
The Trojan Hector does battle with the Greek Achilles
How did geographical features, including mountains and the sea, affect Greek city-states' development?
They developed separately
They had a unified government
They had internal markets
They followed the Egyptian model of development
Why were soldiers and merchants unsatisfied by the aristocratic government in Athens?
They thought that the aristocracy was corrupt
They thought that they should have more rights
They thought that they should bring back the monarchy
They thought that their taxes were too high
How were trials in Athens similar to trials in the United States today?
The accused was considered innocent until proven guilty
Citizens were eligible to serve on a jury when they turned 18 years old
A panel of 12 jurors decided the guilt or innocence of the accused
Men and women served as jurors
In spite of their differences, what did the Greek city-states share?
a focus on militarism that excluded culture
equality between men and women
religious beliefs and heroic legends
common rulers and legal systems
How did the Persian War affect the balance of power among the Greek city-states?
The city-states came away equal in victory.
Sparta rose as Athens fell in power.
Athens dominated over other city-states.
Ionian Greece fell to the Persians.
In ancient Sparta, which activity was a defining feature of citizenship for men?
Attendance at religious ceremonies
Participation in public assemblies
Financial contribution to public-works projects
Membership in the military
How does the Socratic method of teaching work?
The teacher asks a series of questions, which causes students to question their own assumptions.
The teacher remains silent after naming a subject, allowing students to come to conclusions on their own.
The teacher gathers a small group of followers, who are apprentices in the teacher's system.
The teacher lectures to a large group, and students then meet in smaller groups to review notes.
How was early Greek sculpture different from later Greek sculpture?
Early Greek sculpture showed idealized human forms, while later Greek sculpture showed realistic forms.
Early Greek sculpture showed lifelike human forms, while later Greek sculpture showed distorted forms.
Early Greek sculpture showed naturalistic human forms, while later Greek sculpture showed abstract forms.
Early Greek sculpture showed rigid human forms, while later Greek sculpture showed idealized natural forms.
How does the Parthenon reflect balance and order in its architecture?
It is based on a square and has sculptures balanced on the peak of an arched roof.
It is based on a rectangle and has tall columns leading to a gently sloping roof.
It is based on a circle and has sculptures of animals and an asymmetrical roof.
It is based on a pentagon and has different-sized oval windows on its exterior.
What two forms of drama did the Ancient Greeks develop?
realism and expressionism
farce and melodrama
historical and naturalism
comedy and tragedy
How did Thucydides' experiences affect his writing?
Thucydides wrote about the Persian Wars, after traveling there on his own.
Thucydides wrote with elegance and order, reflecting the period in which he lived.
Thucydides worshipped the Greek gods and wrote about how they affected wars.
Thucydides lived through the Peloponnesian Wars and wrote about the horror of war.
Which of these best describes Aristotle?
He defended belief in the gods of the state religion.
He wrote about a society ruled by philosopher-kings.
He developed rules of logic that applied to science and literature.
He suggested that reality is a reflection of the realm of ideal forms.
In what way did Greece's crushing defeat by Philip II of Macedonia lead to a flowering of Greek culture?
Greek culture was spread throughout much of the world by Alexander.
Greek artists, writers, and scientists escaped to Alexandria and founded a great city.
Greek culture was spread throughout much of the world by Philip II.
Alexander's Greek tutor, the philosopher Aristotle, became the real ruler of Macedonia.
Which BEST summarizes Alexander's attitude towards his Persian dominions?
He forced Persians to adopt what he considered superior Greek customs.
He admired Persia greatly and replaced Greek customs with Persian ones.
He worried constantly about being murdered by his Persian subjects.
He encouraged a blending of Greek and Persian customs.
What was an important result of the reign of Alexander the Great?
the spread of Athenian democracy throughout the Persian empire
the spread of Greek culture from the Mediterranean to the Middle East
the confinement of women who had previously lived more freely
the beginning of a unified government across the Persian empire
What were the accomplishments of Archimedes?
He wrote that Earth rotated on its axis and orbited the sun
He showed that Earth was round and measured its circumference
he studied the causes of illnesses and set ethical standards for physicians
He developed the lever and pulley and a mechanical pump to lift water
An example of the spread of mathematical ideas that occurred in classical Greece is
the Hippocratic Oath being adopted by physicians
the influence of the Stoics on Christian thought
the theorem of Jan-Erik Roos in Macedonia
the Arabic versions of Euclid's work
What aspect of Roman culture originated with the Etruscan civilization?
its military techniques
the Etruscan framework of government
the Latin language
the arch and other engineering techniques
Rome was considered a republic because
plebeians supervised the business of government.
patricians had the power to veto bad legislation
citizens voted for some of their officials.
the emperor appointed representatives to the senate.
What social freedom did Roman women eventually gain?
They gained the right to marry non-citizens
They were given absolute power over the family
They were allowed to serve as consuls in the senate
They were allowed to own businesses
How did Rome successfully protect its conquests?
by posting a well-trained army throughout the empire
by imposing its customs, money, and form of government on conquered peoples
by granting full citizenship to all conquered peoples
by creating a free public education system
How did Rome motivate conquered peoples to pay taxes, supply soldiers, and stay loyal to the government?
It mixed rewards with harsh punishments
It compensated them with latifundia taken from the previous government.
It threatened them with enslavement.
It allowed them to keep their own customs and self-government.
How did Rome's political influence expand as it conquered new territories?
Rome spread its republican government to its new provinces
Rome established dictatorships throughout the provinces
Rome ruled the entire Mediterranean region
Rome allied itself with Hellenistic rulers.
Why did the death of an emperor usually lead to violence and civil wars?
Foreign invaders tried to seize control of the government
A period of mourning for the emperor led to violence
Romans disagreed about how to choose the new emperor
Romans disagreed on who should control the military
What effect did the Pax Romana have on Rome?
It led to increased attendance at the Circus Maximus
It was a time of prosperity throughout the empire
It was a period during which the Forum and Colosseum were built
It was the first time that a dictator ruled Rome
How did Diocletian try to end the Roman empire's economic decay?
He encouraged farmers to sell products at higher prices
He divided the empire and slowed inflation
He established incentives to find new trade routes
To stimulate the economy, he asked males to branch out into new occupations
How did the Hun invasion weaken the Roman empire?
It led to Germanic peoples crossing the empire's borders to seek safety
It led to a Roman victory at Adrianople
It caused the Visigoths to invade Greece
It led to the conquest of Rome by Attila
In his epic poem the Aeneid, Virgil portrayed Rome's past heroically, because he wanted to
point out flaws in Roman society
evoke a sense of patriotism
apply Greek and Hellenistic ideas
win favor with Augustus
What definition best describes the philosophy of Stoicism?
a belief in the common person
the importance of duty and acceptance of one's fate
a belief in many gods
the use of satire to understand the workings of society
Like the Greeks, the Romans stressed realism in their art, which means they portrayed their subjects
philosophically
accurately
idealistically
abstractly
How did Romans use science and mathematics to improve the lives of the Roman people?
They built roads, aqueducts, and harbors and improved public health.
They developed the first vaccine for smallpox.
They developed telescopes to accurately map the solar system.
They developed the use of columns in their architecture.
What Roman principles of law are now part of the American legal system?
people are innocent until proven guilty; the accused are allowed to face their accusers; guilt has to be established using solid evidence
the accused are not allowed to face their accusers; guilt has to be established using solid evidence; the accused cannot be forced to testify against themselves
guilt has to be established "clearer than daylight"; the accused are not present at their trial; judges are allowed to interpret laws
people are guilty until proven innocent; the accused has the right to seek help in his or her defense; judges are allowed to interpret laws
What best describes the origins of Christianity?
It emerged after Jesus and his disciples traveled to Jerusalem
It became a religion after the crucifixion of Jesus
It was based on Jesus's Sermon on the Mount
It emerged from Judaism and was based on the teachings of Jesus.
What was the effect of Paul's work?
He spread Christianity
He stopped the persecution of Christians
He established the chuurch hierarchy
He united Jews and Christians
Which factor assisted the spread of Christianity?
unity within the empire
dissatisfaction with the Roman gods
insane Roman emperors
similarities between Roman religions and Christianity
One central belief of Christianity is that
Jesus will bring spiritual salvation and eternal life to believers
true believers must become martyrs
three different gods make up the trinity
forgiveness is unattainable
Fearing that Hellenistic influences were weakening their religion, many Jews believed it was important to
strictly adhere to Jewish laws and traditions
serve as members of the clergy
renounce their Roman citizenship
serve as missionaries
Justinian contributed to the flourishing of the Byzantine empire after Rome's decline by
reforming the laws of ancient Rome
reducing poverty in Constantinople
reviving the traditions of ancient Greece
freeing slaves throughout the empire
How did ideas in Justinian's Code influence Western political and legal traditions?
they encouraged European rulers to decentralize their power
they provided useful models for modern political campaigns
they helped legal thinkers to create modern international law
they supported the development of parliamentary democracy
How did the fall of Rome impact Western Europe?
Western Europe's contact with advanced civilizations in Asia increased
Cities grew rapidly, and Western Europe's economies exapanded
Trade slowed greatly, and Western Europe became politically divided.
Waves of Roman immigrants settled in a thriving Western Europe
How did Germanic tribes carve Europe into small kingdoms?
Germanic leaders formed strong alliances
Germanic kings waged wars of conquest.
Germanic priests unified reliogious groups
Germanic traders set up free-trade zones.
Charlemagne briefly reunited much of Western Europe by
bringing back missionaries from Asia to strengthen belief at his court
sending out missi dominici to keep control over his provincial rulers
ceasing war with his enemies after calling upon the Pope's support
compiling the Corpus Juris Civilis to reform laws within his empire
How would you BEST describe the factors contributing to the development of the political and social system of feudalism?
The powerful Roman army continued to safeguard citizens of the empire.
Vandals, Goths, and Saxons arriving in Europe caused great economic growth.
Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars invaded Europe at a time of political weakness.
The population of cities declined so rapidly rulers could not maintain order.
What characteristic of the development of the political and social system of feudalism BEST summarizes the life of knights and nobles?
As vassals, they swore loyalty and provided military service.
Chivalry served them as a way to attain positions of power.
As lords, they constructed large castles and raised armies.
They were mainly involved in manor duties and competing in tournaments.
Which describes how noblewomen contributed to the economic system of manorialism?
They managed the daily activities of their manor.
They brought dowry income to their lord's manor.
They left the manor to support their lord during war.
They fostered trade among peasants on their manor.
How did the economic system of manorialism MOST affect nobles?
They rewarded peasants with money after good harvests
They support peasant efforts to become self-sufficient
They let peasants grind grain for a fee at the manor's mill
They provided protection and gave peasants land to farm
Which could MOST likely have caused peasants on medieval manors to die so young?
They cold be at risk of injury or death during attacks by rival lords
They received no or inadequate medical treatment for their illnesses
They worked hard and had poor diets, so were vulnerable to disease
They could be hurt while away from the manor on the lord's service
Which practice was a defining characteristic of feudalism in medieval Europe?
Universities granted degrees to qualified students.
Troubadours performed concerts in town halls in return for food and lodging.
Guilds supervised the work done by craftsmen.
Lords granted land to vassals in return for military service.
Which of the following was one of the ways Christianity spread across Europe?
The pope ordered interdicts, which established new monasteries.
Parish priests established schools to attract new converts
Traveling friars lived and preached among the common people
Secular rulers excommunicated those who would not convert to Christianity.
Canon law
only applied to monks and nuns
was based on religious teachings and governed many aspects of medieval life
was the primary system of secular law in the Middle Ages
was intended to prevent corruption within the Church and encourage reform
Which statement best describes the role of the popes in the Middle Ages?
They were spiritual leaders who also exercised secular power
They were opposed to mixing spiritual and secular duties
They always opposed reform of the Church or its policies
They were secular leaders who also claimed spiritual power
Why did prejudice against Jews increase in the late 1000s?
Muslim rulers in Spain were intolerant of Jews
Many medieval Christians were suspicious of Jewish culture and practices
Christian leaders believed that Jewish leaders were competing with them in an effort to win converts to their religions
Jewish leaders wanted more control of government
Which of the following is a characteristic of the medieval Eastern Orthodox Church?
the use of Latin throughout the Church
the use of icons in Church teachings and worship
the belief in papal supremacy
the rejection of secular authority
In the early Middle Ages, the Catholic Church contributed to cultural unity in western Europe by
using missionaries to convert Germanic tribes
maintaining trade routes commonly used by Italian merchants
sending armies to recapture cities under Byzantine rule
challenging the legitimacy of the Carolingian Empire
Why was the invasion of the Byzantine empire by the Seljuk Turks significant?
It led to peace between Alexius I and Pope Urban II
It made the papacy less powerful
It gave Alexius I control over the entire Middle East
It prompted the first of the Crusades
Which of the following items best explains the Crusades' lasting influence on life in Europe?
They spread religious tolerance throughout Europe
They brought new ideas and goods to Europe
They caused wars among the European monarchs
The sparked an agricultural revolution in Europe
How did the growth of trade and manufacturing change women's lives in Europe?
Women were forced to do dangerous hard labor
Women were given access to higher education
Women were able to join and even run guilds
Women were at risk because towns were dangerous
How did the growth of towns affect the lives of children in the Middle Ages
More children were born to each family
More children had access to education
More children were paid high wages for their work
More children worked as farm laborers
What was the result of Isabella's efforts to bring religious unity to Spain?
The people rebelled against the Church
Spain became a more tolerant country
Isabella became less powerful
Many talented people fled Spain
Which of the following began this chain of events?
an increase supply of Asian luxury goods
the increased importance of Italian city-states
Economic growth in Western Europe
The discovery of new foods in the New World
A population decline caused by the Black Death
A religious conflict caused by the Protestant Reformation
The opening of trade routes during the Crusades
How was the Church an obstacle to monarchs who wanted more power?
It incited nobles to revolt against monarchs
It challenged monarchs' attempts to control the clergy
It set armies against the monarchies of Europe
It promoted the development of individual rights
How did William increase royal power in England?
He freed the serfs
He kept land for himself
He executed his enemies
He compromised with his vassals
The Magna Carta was important because it established
the supremacy of the monarchy over the Church
a Parliament of lords and common men
the principle that the monarch must obey the law
the limitation of the rights of nobles and freemen
How did Pope Innocent III assert the power of the Church?
He allied himself witht he Albigensians against Philip II
He challenged efforts to reform the Church's courts
He authorized the Concordat of Worms
He stated that the pope was second only to God
What compromise resulted from the Concordat of Worms?
The Church was granted the power to elect and invest bishops, but the emperor could invest them with fiefs.
Henry IV claimed supremacy over secular rulers, and the Church was now able to grant land to vassals.
It banned the practice of lay investiture
Pope Gregory VII was given the power to raise armies and collect taxes
Which of these best explains how the powers listed in the diagram supported the authority of the Catholic Church in western Europe?
The powers allowed dioceses to collect funds that paid for the construction of cathedrals and schools.
The powers were used to force local populations to pay taxes supporting parishes and monasteries.
The powers allowed the nobility to appoint bishops and abbots.
The powers were exercised against kings and nobles who failed to adhere to church customs and mandates.
Which principle of government is reflected in the excerpt above?
Representative government
Popular sovereignty
Separation of church and state
Federalism
How did new knowledge based on Aristotle and other Greek thinkers pose a challenge to Christian scholars?
Christians believed that the new knowledge was based on faulty evidence
Christians accepted many ideas on faith rather than by using reason
The Church said that the popes were greater philosophers than the Greeks
The Church decreed that all new knowledge was heretical and dangerous
How did epic poem reflect the culture of medieval Europe?
They reflected the European ideal that the group was more important than the individual
They reflected the belief in the power of compromise and negotiation
They reflected the view that the common people were as important as the nobility
They reflected themes of loyalty and heroism that were prized in Europe
How did the development of universities affect members of the growing middle class?
It made it more difficult for poor people to enter the middle class
It provided them an opportunity for advancement
It guaranteed them a place in the royal court
It forced many to choose between the military and an education
We know that religion was central to the art and architecture of the Middle Ages because
Gothic cathedrals were the major architectural advancement
the subjects of all paintings had to be approved by the Church
religious icons were in common use
the Church dictated the themes and subjects in vernacular poetry
Why were Byzantine scholars so important to Western Europe?
They translated ancient texts into Arabic and then Latin
They made significant advances in science and mathematics
They helped preserve ancient Greek and Roman ideas
They promoted Arabic advances in European courts
Which features of this building are correctly identified with an architectural style?
Balance and symmetry: Neoclassical
Thick walls and sturdy design: Romanesque
Spires and flying buttresses: Gothic
Rounded vaults and arches: Renaissance
The most far-reaching consequence to Europe from the Black Death was
the slow growth of towns
a change in the basic structure of medieval society
the fact that people began to see magic and witchcraft as solutions to problems
extensive unemployment
What became a significant threat to Church power as a result of the Great Western Schism?
The Bible was translated into English
The moral authority of the Church weakened
Reformers began to challenge the traditional role of the Church
The political factions backing different popes began to exert more influence over Church activites
How did the Church council at Constance, Germany, settle the crisis in 1417?
The council divided the authority of each pope based on the region of Europe in which the pope held the papl court
The council chose one of the three existing popes to lead the Church
The council voted to move the Avignon pope back to Rome
The council elected a new pope and gave him total authority over the Church
What happened in France as a result of the Hundred Years' War?
The French kings moved to strengthen the monarchy
The Church extended its influence over France
Wealthy French merchants had more of a say in government
Noblemen strengthened their control over their traditional family lands
How did the Hundred Years' War affect the medieval structure of feudalism, in which vassals owed military service to the king?
The need for a larger, standing army with greater mobility made the vassal system obsolete
The vassals became commanders of mercenary armies paid by the king to fight
The introduction of the longbow and cannon made the vassal system more efficient
The vassal system became more important in winning battles and holding conquered territory for the king
How did the Black Death affect medieval Europe?
It caused economic and social instability by drastically reducing the workforce
It caused persecution of religious and ethnic minorities to decrease
It prompted advances in medicine that extended the average life span
It allowed church officials to expand their authority
One way in which Russia's geography affected its early history was that
the mountains protected Russia from invasion
the lack of natural barriers on the steppe encouraged migration
the lack of fertile land promoted the development of trade
the river network encouraged contact with Western Europe
How did Byzantine Christianity influence Russian Orthodox Christianity?
It set the pattern for close ties between Church and state
It set the pattern for a church hierarchy led by a pope
It set the pattern for good relations with Muslim empires
It set the pattern for the development of an absolute ruler
Why was Mongol rule over Russia significant?
It caused Russia to look to China for cultural and political influences
It prompted Russia to close itself off from the rest of Asia
It cut off Russia from Western Europe at a time of great scientific progress
It brought Russia under the influence of Islam both religiously and politically
Which of the following items is one reason why Eastern Europe became a refuge for Jews?
Hungary needed people to settle under-populated areas
Poland's government established a policy of toleration toward Jews
The Mongols drove Jewish people from Russia
Eastern Europe was at the end of a migration route from Spain
How did Eastern Europe become home to so many ethnic groups?
Its geography and location facilitated migration
Its geography isolated different groups from each other
Its location caused the development of cosmopolitan cities
Its political development made it open to immigration
How did the hijra influence the development of Islam?
The hijra brought Arabs together under loyalty to their family clans
It was where Muhammad went to meditate on the moral ills of Meccan society
During the hijra, Muhammad created rules that governed and untied Muslims.
It allowed Muhammad to destroy the idols in the Kaaba
How do the Quran and Sharia differ?
The Quran can be read by anyone; Sharia only by holy men
Sharia is the holy book of Islam; the Quran is a system of laws
The Quran is the holy book of Islam; Sharia is a system of laws
The Quran applies only to men; Sharia applies only to women
Teh Five Pillars of Islam
require Muslims to give 25 percent of their income to charity
say Muslims must fast until sundown every day
require a statement of faith
encourage Muslims to pray up to three times a day
Early Islamic laws changed the treatment of women by
allowing them to marry outside the faith
encouraging women to own businesses
allowing women to reject marriage offers
granting women equality
Which statement BEST characterizes the hajj?
Muslims are required to make this journey every year
It was the journey Muhammad took to Medina
It is one of the Five Pillars of Islam
Muslims pay this tax, which is collected for charity
Which of the following best completes the diagram?
The expansion of the Ottoman Empire into eastern Europe
The formation of the Mughal Empire in India
The expansion of the Mongol Empire into Russia
The creation of the Safavid Empire in Persia
