1980 is the year where

Amorphous selenium–based image plates was used during this year

1990 is the birth of

In 1994, a drum Direct Radiology (DR) emerged for imaging with ___________ as its main component

Amorphous silicon–cesium iodide (scintillator)

flat-panel detector was developed in _______________

Use of Gadolinium-based (scintillator) portable

flat-panel detector has emerged during this year

Gadolinium-based (scintillator) flat-panel

detector was used in _______

In 1995, what is the component of the flat panel detector used?

Photostimulable phosphor (PSP) imaging is better known as

CR system consists of the following except

The fundamental innovations in the development of CR was by ___________ who conceived the storage of an X ray image in a phosphor screen.

The fundamental innovations in the development of CR was by a Carestream staff ( ___________ in ______) who conceived the storage of an X ray image in a

phosphor screen.

Storage of an X ray image in a

phosphor screen was later used as a significant technical steps and conceptualization of the

application of CR by _______________

The main developer of CR in the eighties

Kotera et al where the the main developer of CR in _________

The CR plate or IR has a thin layer of phosphor grains called

A latent image is created in the form of “stored energy”. Latent image is

Stimulation with a scanning laser beam releases

Typical wavelength of the stimulating laser is

Typical wavelength of the emitted light is

The emitted light intensity is _______________ to

the original incident X-ray intensity

The light is collected by a light guide and transmitted to a highly sensitive analog device known as

During which the trapped electrons absorb the laser energy and they emit _________ light with intensity proportional to the amount of radiation received during the exposure as they return to their ground state.

Then a specialized machine known as a scanner/digitizer is then used to read out the latent image from the plate by stimulating it with a very finely focused __________

beam.

Before exposing the cassette, the patient

demographic and exam data is stored on the

microchip attached on cassette thru the

2 or more CR casettes can be accommodated for processing using

In the digitizer, this ____________ light energy is

converted to _______________ which are

then digitized to produce digital images

After exposure and scanning, the phosphor

plate is "erased" by exposing to a ____________ light

exposure within the digitizer

Imaging Plates are known to last more

than ___________ Exposure Cycles

Does CR require X-ray machine replacement?

Which of the following statement is a FACT?

Which is the correct CR workflow?

All of the following statement is an advantage of CR except:

What materials does Photostimulable luminescence use?

Film-screen combination is an image receptor (IR) for

Darkroom : Conventional Radiography

______________________ : Digital Radiography

When using a Screen-Film combination, output is evaluated through a

All of the following are archived using a PACS (Picture archiving and communication system) except:

For one to access an image in CR or DR, one must have a

Which of the following system has a higher likelihood of getting lost during archiving:

To avoid artifacts in films, it must be stored in the right

Which requires an entire new system during migration, update or change in facility?

Which is the cost-efficient system over time?

Which is the following system is not penetrated thru hacking?

Which is the following system has the longest processing time?

Which Image Receptor (IR) cannot be re-used?

Which is the following system is prone to artifacts?

Which can be processed manually or thru automatic processor?

Which requires a bigger facility?

In PSP or CR cassette, this thin layer of transparent film that

protects the phosphor.

In PSP or CR cassette, this is a closely dispersed

of fine-grained, Photostimulable europium-activated, barium Fluor halide crystals, that store the latent image until released when re-stimulated during processing.

In PSP or CR cassette, this layer increases the intensity of

light being emitted from the crystals by reflecting it back

toward the reader, instead of it being absorbed.

In PSP or CR cassette, this light absorbing layer is made up

of conductive needle-like crystals that absorb any unreflected light as well as any electrostatic charges.

In PSP or CR cassette, this layer is made from a polyester material, this layer gives structural rigidity and a base for the coating of all of the other layers. Polyester is used because of its excellent stabilities well as its durability and flexibility

In PSP or CR cassette, this layer is made of carbon particle layer that prevents the light from leaking from the rear of the imaging

plate

In PSP or CR cassette, this is a protective layer made from a soft polymer that prevents scratching when the plates are stacked during the manufacturing process.

In a CR System, when the X-ray is absorbed by the material, absorbed energy excites the europium atoms, causing ionization of Eu atom.

In a CR system, specialized cassettes should be read out up to _____________ hours after exposure due to the thermal motion the trapped electrons will slowly be liberated

from the traps.

In a CR system, a ____________________ useful for light detection of very weak signals, is a photo emissive device in which the absorption of a photon results in the emission of

an electron.

In a CR system, Frosting happens if the residual latent image remained so it should be removed by flooding with intense white light.

CR technology can be considered as the digital replacement of conventional X-ray film.

In a CR and DR system, repeat examinations are reduced due to wide exposure latitude.

With the use of specializeed cassette, a CR system there has an increased savings than DR system.

Since, exposure latitude is wide in a CR system, high exposure technique is used which increases the patient dose which is called dose-creep.

The following are limitations of conventional radiography except:

The following are limitations of conventional radiography except:

In computed radiography, the imaging plates are inserted in a radiographic table’s cassette holder and are exposed to X-rays or ____________

The energy of the incoming radiation is stored in a special phosphor layer, electrons in the phosphor plate are excited into a higher energy state, forming a ____________ image.

During which the trapped electrons absorb the laser energy and they emit blue light with intensity proportional to the amount of radiation received during the exposure as they return to their ground state. This happens in a _____________

CR system consists of the following except:

Image reader/digitizer/scanner can be Single-plate readers or Multiple-plate readers

Imaging plates can typically be used up to ______________ times or more depending on the application.

In a CR system, the digital image is then produced in __________ seconds and downloaded to an image-processing

system, usually a computer workstation, for display and manipulation.

The CR plates are usually 2 mm thick and are coated with Europium activated fluorohalide compounds in crystalline formation embedded in organic

binding material.

The purpose of patient ID station

The function of digitizer

Film-screen imaging is erasable?

PSP imaging is erasable?

Detector DR imaging is erasable?