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WorksheetsAP Human Geography Semester Exam
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 59mins
A formal culture region differs from other regions in that it
has a focal point or node
has a selected feature or internal uniformity
does not contain gradations such as core, domain, and sphere
applies only to linguistic and religion regions
A formal region defines an area in which
a core dominates its surrounding hinterland
a transportation network links different types of land use
there is uniformity in one or more physical or human characteristics
there are significant geographic variations in physical or human characteristics
a unified government system has been established
Which of the following terms best describes regions that make up the political geographic divisions within a country?
Cultural
Perceptual
Vernacular
Physical
Formal
Which of the following scales of analysis would provide demographic data that could be used to compare one urban neighborhood to other urban neighborhoods across a country?
State or province
Metropolitan area or urban region
County or parish (in Quebec and Louisiana)
City or municipality
Census tract or enumeration area
Every map projection has some degree of distortion because
a curved surface cannot be represented on a flat surface without distortion
parallels and meridians never cross at right angles on a globe
the grid system is two-dimensional, while the real world is three-dimensional
Earth is not a perfect sphere
latitude lines are shorter than meridian lines
Read the definitions below and then answer the question that follows.
Watershed: A region in which all rainfall eventually flows downhill through a system of streams and tributaries into the same body of water, such as the catchment basin of a river or lake.
Milkshed: A region in which fresh milk is produced and can be delivered without spoilage for sale and consumption. A dairy farm sits at the center of an area, the size of which is determined by how far fresh milk can be shipped and still maintain shelf-life for consumers.
Given the definitions, watersheds and milksheds can best be classified as what type of region?
Culture
Formal
Functional
Industrial
Vernacular
Latitude and longitude may be used to determine which of the following characteristics of a place?
Its site features
Its absolute location
Its relative location
Its situation
Its elevation
Which of the following scales is represented in the map shown?
Local, showing the towns and township areas in a county
Regional, showing the states or provinces in one part of a country
State or province, showing the counties or parishes
Neighborhood, showing the block along street boundaries
Block, showing the property lines and names of owners
The images show a topographic map and a geographic information systems (GIS) representation of Mount Shasta in California. Which of the following statements best explains why these printed images are geometrically distorted representations of Earth’s surface?
Some maps do not show the actual coloration of Earth’s surface and vegetation.
GIS can only display two-dimensional layers.
The planet’s gravitational poles are not located at the poles of Earth’s axis.
The three dimensions of Earth’s surface are displayed on a two-dimensional page.
Printed maps alter the sense of place that people can have about a location.
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mercator projection?
The size and shape of countries in the higher latitudes are greatly exaggerated.
The size of all countries is accurate, but the shape is distorted.
Countries near the Equator appear 50 percent larger than countries in the middle latitudes.
The projection is designed to maintain undistorted outlines of landmasses.
Distances on the Mercator projection are real and accurate.
Which of the following statements about the Robinson projection is correct?
It is more useful for long-distance navigation than the Mercator projection.
It is better for making topographical maps than the Mercator projection.
It is more accurate than the Mercator projection in showing the sizes of countries in higher latitudes.
It is more useful for showing the distribution of human populations than the Mercator projection.
It is better for estimating territorial waters in lower latitudes than the Mercator projection.
Why would a town planner use a map at the 1:24,000 scale rather than a map at the 1:250,000 scale?
The map at the 1:24,000 scale shows a much larger area.
The map at the 1:24,000 scale is easily converted to non-metric measurements.
The map at the 1:24,000 scale shows the town close-up in more detail.
The map at the 1:250,000 scale shows the town in too much detail.
The map at the 1:250,000 scale shows too small of an area to see the whole town.
Which of the following concepts could best be explained by the theory of possibilism?
Regional differences between the internal structures of cities
Changes in population growth rates over time
Limitations on agricultural crops based on climate
Political patterns seen in election maps
Modification of landscapes by human cultures
Walkway Time
Walk down from the Alice in Wonderland statue to the model boat pond. Less than 1 minute
Turn right and walk along the pond, until you come to the Hans Christian Anderson Monument. 1 minute
From there, walk west through the trees and cross the road at East Drive. 1 minute
Turn left at the lake and walk along the shore to the Bethesda Fountain. 2 minutes
Walk around the fountain and continue on the path along the lake. 1 minute
As the path turns to the left you will see the Bow Bridge on the right. 2 minutes
Which of the following best describes the type of information provided in the directions?
Absolute location
Relative location
Cultural landscape
Geographic information systems
Cartographic principles
New Land Areas Land Added
Wax Lake Delta 14,536 acres
Atchafalaya River Delta 18,533 acres
Total 33,069 acres
The satellite images show changes to a portion of the Louisiana coast between 1984 and 2017. The table shows the changes in land acreage. Which of the following best describes the changes and a consequence of the changes?
The expansion of coastal cities, which results in increased acreage of urban land cover
A decrease in the acreage of coastal land, which affects the prices of local property
An increase in the acreage of coastal land, which will be added to navigational charts for shipping
The rise of sea levels, which results in decreased land acreage available for homes and businesses
An increase in land acreage caused by the construction of polders for land reclamation
The table shows the types of information collected by a store regarding customer purchases. Which of the following data could be used in a geographical information system (GIS) to increase sales?
ZIP code
Number of customers
Number of transactions
Amount per transaction
Which of the following spatial patterns accurately describes the data presented in the map?
Most continents have countries with secondary school enrollments below 75 percent.
There are no countries in Africa with secondary school enrollments above 90 percent.
The majority of countries with less than 70 percent secondary school enrollment are in sub-Saharan Africa.
The secondary school enrollment is proportional to population density.
Landlocked countries have secondary school enrollments above 90 percent.
Which of the following best describes the spatial pattern of ethnicity in Singapore's neighborhoods?
Malay is the largest ethnic group, ethnic Chinese live in the center of the city, and ethnic Indians live in the peripheral neighborhoods.
The three major ethnic groups, Malay, Chinese, and Indian, are evenly distributed across the city.
Ethnic Chinese residents are in the majority across most of the city, while ethnic Malay and ethnic Indian residents are concentrated in the peripheral neighborhoods.
Ethnic Malay and ethnic Indians are evenly distributed throughout the city, while Chinese are only in the majority within the core central neighborhoods.
Indian is the largest ethnic group, ethnic Chinese live in the center of the city, and ethnic Malay live in the peripheral neighborhoods.
The maps show residential neighborhoods in the Republic of Singapore. Which of the following individuals or organizations would be most likely to make a decision based on the spatial pattern shown on the maps?
A person planning to move from a more rural area to a more urban area within Singapore
A business analyzing demographic change over time within its market area
An environmental advocacy group seeking to protect habitats of vulnerable species
A government agency seeking to promote equal opportunities across ethnicities
A multinational corporation identifying a location for a new factory
Which of the following global trends best exemplifies the concept of sustainability?
An increase in the use of agricultural pesticides, because farms using agricultural chemicals produce more food.
An increase in the use of electric vehicles, because their reduced emissions result in less environmental pollution.
A decrease in the amount of polar sea ice, because it opens more sea lanes for shipping.
An increase in the number of people living in coastal areas, because residents will feel more connected to nature.
A decrease in the practice of slash-and-burn agriculture, because large irrigated farms produce food more efficiently.
The concept of environmental sustainability is best explained by which of the following examples?
Strip-mining of coal on mountainsides, to keep miners from working in underground conditions
Terracing rice paddies on hillsides, to prevent soil erosion and provide gravity-fed irrigation
Clear-cutting trees in coastal woodlands, to provide building materials for constructing homes
Fattening cattle in dryland feedlots, to practice agriculture efficiently and at the lowest cost
Draining of wetlands in residential areas, to reduce the presence of stinging insects
The "why of where" refers to
geography's emphasis on landscape features
spatial patterns on the landscape
a definition of geography that is simply locational
the idea that the explanation of a spatial pattern is crucial
the depiction of a region's physical features
The map above represents what kind of projection?
A Mercator projection with distorted land areas
A planar projection with diverging lines at the poles
A homolosine projection with continuity of landmasses
A Robinson projection with distortions at the equator
A gnomonic projection with distortions of bodies of water
Which of the following are the best examples of vernacular regions?
The Canadian Maritimes and the Northwest Territory
The American West and the American Midwest
South Africa and Australia
South America and the Caribbean
Scandinavia and the Iberian Peninsula
Which of the following is the primary assumption of environmental determinism?
Human destiny is controlled by the cultural environment .
The physical environment has little influence on humans .
Humans have complete control over the physical environment .
Many human adaptations are possible within a specific physical environment .
The physical environment controls human culture .
Which of the following sets of maps would help explain how scale of inquiry affects truth?
Maps showing the area of France before and after surveying
Maps of Hudson Bay drawn by Native Americans and by the earliest European travelers
Maps showing Michigan's population density by counties and the United States population density by state
Maps showing the number of auto thefts per block in Seattle in the decades before and after the Depression
Maps of gang graffiti in Philadelphia
An international company is looking to expand its network of factories, which use labor-intensive production methods, in a region of the world experiencing significant growth in the working-age population. Based on the data in the table, which of the following regions should the company choose?
North America, which will have faster working-age growth in 2015 to 2030 than in 2000 to 2015
Asia, which will have a faster working-age growth rate in 2015 to 2030 than in 2000 to 2015
Latin America, which had the fastest working-age growth rate among world regions from 2000 to 2015
Asia, which will have the fastest working-age growth rate among world regions from 2015 to 2030
Sub-Saharan Africa, which will have the fastest working-age growth rate among world regions from 2015 to 2030
The combination of unique physical and human characteristics in a specific location is often referred to as
Place
Relative location
the regionalization process
Site
None of the above
All of the following are types of mathematical scales used on maps except
scale of analysis
representative fraction
bar scale
ratio
written scale
Mental (or cognitive) maps:
are nearly always accurate and reflect actual information
have little to do with gender, age and perception of an individual
are largely an accurate analysis of accessible data
are mostly based on imagined experiences of an individual
use cartographic and physiologic principles when constructing them
The world map of organic agriculture above (Australia is the biggest) is most indicative of which map type?
Cartogram
Choropleth
Dot distribution
Isoline
Proportional Symbol
The set of processes that are increasing and deepening interactions, interdependence, connections and relationships is known as ____________________.
possibilism
spatial interaction
globalization
geocoaching
environmental determinism
The diagram above best indicates the concept of
hierarchical diffusion
assimiliation
barriers to diffusion
distance decay
acculturation
“Sense of Place” refers to
the unique physical and human attributes that gives a place character
the unique physical site characteristics
the unique situational characteristics
the characteristics of the founder of a place
the uniform landscape of a place
Which of the following is most like hierarchical diffusion?
bypassing rural areas to reach urban areas first
coming immediately in contact with an entire population
wanting to adopt an idea/trait/innovation, but not being able to adopt it as is
overtaking forms of outdated technology
taking something with you when you move
A formal region defines an area in which
a core dominates its surrounding hinterland
a transportation network links different types of land use
there is uniformity in one or more physical or human characteristics
there are significant geographic variations in physical or human characteristics
a unified government system has been established
On the map above, which one of the following boxes is in an area where the population density is high and the level of economic development is low?
A
B
C
D
E
One would expect to find a population with a relatively young age structure in
less developed countries
highly developed countries
countries with a low death rate
countries with a low fertility rate
countries with a high standard of living
In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the demographic transition in Europe was best characterized by
a shift in the composition of national populations toward greater ethnic balance
a net population decline resulting from an excess of deaths over births
migration between European countries
large-scale population movements following periods of war or widespread civil unrest
urbanization and falling birth rates
A refugee enters the European Union in Italy and is temporarily housed in Germany. He is then granted asylum and is permanently settled in Sweden. Which of the following describes this type of migration that is facilitated by the European Union’s open border policies?
Chain migration within the refugee’s family and social network
Guest worker migration based upon the free movement of labor
As an internally displaced person within a single state
Step migration across member states to a final destination
As a rural-to-urban migrant seeking employment opportunities
The ability of a resource base to sustain a population is known as its
support ratio
carrying capacity
subsistence limit
basic employment
population pressure
The sex ratio represented in the age-sex graph above for Country X is most likely the result of
high infant mortality
a large guest-worker population
undercounting of females
an epidemic with high mortality
a period of war
Physiological population density is viewed as a superior measure of population density for which of the following reasons?
It is more reflective of population pressure on arable land.
It yields the average population density.
It is more reflective of the world’s largest population concentrations.
It measures the average by dividing total land area by total number of people.
It best reflects the percentage of a country’s population that is urbanized.
Which of the following best identifies the data for the Eastern Great Rift Valley, shown on the map?
High arithmetic density
Low arithmetic density
Low carrying capacity
High total fertility rate
Low total fertility rate
The data in the table can be used to describe a high level of female empowerment for which of the following countries?
Mexico
India
Nigeria
France
Egypt
Country A is a more developed country with a low birth rate, a low total fertility rate, a high life expectancy, and a high percentage of urban population. Based on this information, which of the following outcomes is most likely to occur in Country A?
Guest workers from less developed countries are needed to fill the labor shortages in urban areas.
Falling birth rates and declining youth populations result in an increase in school construction in urban areas.
Pressures on pension and social security programs are at critical levels as the number of elderly increases.
Provincial and national politicians must tailor their political campaigns to appeal to rural voters.
Suburban house construction declines as elderly populations downsize and seek to be closer to urban amenities.
Since the 1970s changes in the social roles, lifestyles, and employment patterns of women in Europe, Canada, and the United States have affected the overall population through which of the following?
Increased total fertility rates
Decreased total fertility rates
Increased death rates
Decreased death rates
Increased infant mortality rates
Which of the following countries is best described as being at Stage 3 of the demographic transition model?
China: birth rate = 13, death rate =7
Democratic Republic of the Congo: birth rate = 44, death rate = 10
Bolivia: birth rate = 24 , death rate = 7
Ivory Coast: birth rate = 37, death rate = 13
Hungary: birth rate = 10, death rate = 13
Which of the following best explains why, in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Thomas Malthus proposed his population theory?
Malthus theorized that, if left unchecked by regular cycles of famine and misery, population would increase beyond the ability to feed itself.
Malthus theorized that the ability of a population to feed itself would increase with the expansion of the population; more people would mean greater knowledge invested in expanding food production.
Malthus theorized that reductions of infant mortality would eventually result in slower population growth rates.
Malthus theorized that agricultural developments in the mid-to-late eighteenth century would result in a significant expansion of food production, therefore alleviating the threat of overpopulation.
Malthus theorized the only way to prevent overpopulation would be to create policies that would limit the number of children a family could have.
The low birth and death rates for a country in stage 4 of the demographic transition model are best explained by
the rural population and agricultural livelihood of a less developed country.
the level of education and traditional roles for women in a less developed country
the resource-based economy and life expectancy of a less developed country
the level of urbanization and technological advancement of a more developed country
the environmental pollution and manufacturing infrastructure of a more developed country
It can be inferred from global patterns of population growth that the country most likely to be in West Africa is
Country I
Country II
Country III
Country IV
Country V
A country at the end of the demographic transition usually has which of the following?
High birth and low death rates
A high infant mortality rate
A high crude birth rate
Low birth and death rates
High population density
The map shows the number of people per unit of land. Which of the following types of data are shown in the map?
Arithmetic density
Physiological density
Agricultural density
Urban density
Suburban density
Which of the following country demographics would be used to explain the need for the pronatalist policies shown?
A country with a birth rate of 43
43, a death rate of 12
12, and a rate of natural increase of 3.1
3.1, passes a law that requires paid maternity leave.
A country with a birth rate of 11
11, a death rate of 13
13, and a rate of natural increase of −0.2
−0.2 , legislates tax credits for working parents
A country with a birth rate of 16
16, a death rate of 4
4, and a rate of natural increase of 1.2
1.2, establishes long maternity leave periods from work
A country with a birth rate of 12
12, a death rate of 10
10, and a rate of natural increase of 0.2
0.2, requires full-day kindergarten.
A country with a birth rate of 20
20, a death rate of 10
10, and a rate of natural increase of 1.0
1.0 , provides state-subsidized day care centers.
Which of the following describes the spatial pattern shown in the map of total fertility rates?
The highest total fertility rates are shown in Latin America, North Africa, South Asia, and Central Asia.
The lowest total fertility rates are shown in Latin America, North Africa, South Asia, and Central Asia.
The lowest total fertility rates are shown in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of the Middle East.
The lowest total fertility rates are shown in Europe, Russia, East Asia, Australia, and Canada.
The highest total fertility rates are shown in Europe, Russia, East Asia, Australia, and Canada.
Which of the following describes a concern for a country with an aging population?
As a country’s population ages, the life expectancy for the younger population of the country decreases and healthcare costs decline.
As a country’s population ages, the infant mortality rate decreases and there is an increased need for daycare centers.
As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population.
As the proportion of older people in the country increases, the sex ratio becomes disproportionally skewed toward males.
As the proportion of older people increases, the total population decreases because older people do not have children.
Which of the following explains why a country with a high physiological density (e.g., Japan, Egypt, or the Netherlands) risks exceeding its carrying capacity?
The population is clustered in key areas, so rural populations will not have easy access to public services such as schools and hospitals.
The population places a large amount of pressure on the arable land to produce enough food without risking severe environmental degradation.
The population is evenly dispersed throughout the country, so it is difficult to maintain infrastructure such as roads and telecommunication networks for the entire country.
There is a large number of people per unit of total land area, so there is no available land for farmers to raise crops and other food products.
The amount of farmers per unit of land area in these countries is too low to be able to support their populations.
Which of the following profiles characterizes the population group that is the most likely to migrate?
Married, twenty-five years old
Single, twenty-five years old
Married, fifty years old
Single, fifty years old
Married, sixty-five years old
Country X has a high youth-dependency ratio. Country Z has fears of running out of agricultural resources. Which of the following explains why Countries X and Z would implement anti-natalist policies?
Antinatalist policies promote higher birth rates so the country will have an adequate future workforce.
Antinatalist policies promote immigration so the country will be able to sustain its population.
Antinatalist policies correct skewed sex ratios so the number of each sex will be relatively even.
Antinatalist policies promote health and sanitation to lower the number of deaths from infectious diseases.
Antinatalist policies promote family planning and education of women to reduce fertility rates.
During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which of the following types of intraregional migration was the most prominent worldwide?
Rural to urban
Urban to suburban
Inland to coastal
Highland to lowland
Urban to rural
Which of the following types of migration are correctly explained by the example given?
International migration and forced migration: Family A
A from Beijing moves to Minneapolis so that the parents can attend graduate school.
International migration and voluntary migration: Family A
A from Mumbai has convinced their close friends Family B
B to emigrate to London as they did in order help start up their business.
Internal migration and forced migration: Couple A
A from Berlin has convinced their close friends Couple B
B to move to Greece and live in the same retirement community.
Internal migration and voluntary migration: Family A
A from Baghdad are resettled by the United States for political asylum in Detroit.
Internally displaced persons and forced migration: Couple A
A from rural Brazil move to São Paulo to find better job opportunities.
Which of the following explains a significant positive impact that the immigration of large populations of Chinese people had on places like Vancouver and Los Angeles?
The increase of large populations of Chinese people established Cantonese as the lingua franca, allowing immigrants and local people to communicate.
The assimilation of Chinese immigrants created stability in their new city neighborhoods, giving the immigrants political power.
Most Chinese immigrants converted to the dominant religions of their new cities, prompting the construction of many new churches.
Chinese immigrants established businesses and religious centers that provided their new cities with greater access to elements of Chinese culture such as arts, cuisine, and religion.
Chinese neighborhoods were established on the outskirts of these cities as agricultural trade centers, introducing Asian crops to North America.
In the century after the arrival of Europeans, which of the following changes occurred to the indigenous population of the Americas?
It increased dramatically because of new trade routes and industries
It increased slowly with the introduction of new crops
It remained about the same, since very few Europeans actually moved there
It decreased dramatically with the introduction of new diseases
It decreased slowly due to increased competition for land
Based on the data shown, which of the following describes the most likely population context for the countries listed?
High youth dependency ratio and a lack of economic resources to provide for large families
Rapid population growth in cities as people migrate from rural to urban areas for industrial jobs
Shortage of arable land on which to raise crops and other food products to support the population
Unstable food supply due to a rapidly growing population
Stage five of the demographic transition model due to very low birth rates
Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of China’s antinatalist one-child policy?
A dramatic reduction of the birth rate and a decline of the rate of natural increase rate, resulting in lower population growth.
Agricultural families were forced to relocate to the nearest city to search for employment, resulting in increased urban population.
A projected shortage of working-age people to care for the rising elderly population, resulting in an increase in the cost of living for older people.
Decreased spending on childhood expenses, such as education and nursery supplies results in a drop in domestic economic productivity.
A decreased emphasis on education due to the decreasing numbers of school-age children results in a loss of international competitiveness.
The nineteenth-century emigration of a large number of Swedes from a particular region of Sweden to Isanti County, Minnesota, as a result of communications from friends and relatives who preceded them there is an example of
brain drain
chain migration
net migration
internal migration
counterurbanization
In many less developed countries, only a small percentage of school-aged youth attend school regularly. In some cases, fewer females than males are enrolled in schools. Which of the following patterns is a concern in less developed countries with low school enrollment?
A lack of jobs for older males because of the high number of qualified females
A large number of females working in factories because most males work in agriculture
A lack of qualified males and females to develop a workforce that will improve economic growth
A migration comprised entirely of working-age females to other countries for better-paying jobs
A migration of males and females to other countries to pursue postsecondary education
There has been an increase in asylum seekers from Syria to the European Union in recent years. Which of the following best describes the reason for this migration?
A large rural-to-urban population shift within Syria
A continuing rise in employment for asylum seekers in the European Union
A continuing issue of conflict and political unrest within Syria
The tightening of asylum policies by the European Union
The tightening of guest-worker policies by the European Union
Which of the following describes the most likely cause of death for a citizen of a country in stages 4 and 5 of the demographic transition model?
Infectious diseases due to poor sanitation
Degenerative diseases due to old age and lifestyle
Starvation due to an unstable food supply
Infectious diseases due to a lack of vaccines and antibiotics
Reemergence of previously eradicated diseases
Which of the following best explains a likely effect of Brazil’s population distribution?
More uniform economic growth throughout the entire country as urban areas expand westward
Increased cultural unity as more people live in close proximity to one another in eastern Brazil
Uneven economic development as eastern Brazil experiences more growth than the sparsely inhabited western regions
The expansion of available farmland as people move to the cities, allowing more rural land to be farmed
More efficient political administration and improved governance as the population becomes more clustered
In the early part of the Industrial Revolution in Europe, Thomas Malthus developed a theory that population increases exponentially, while food production can increase only arithmetically. Which of the following statements best explains how the Industrial Revolution reduced the threats forecast by Malthus?
The resulting rural-to-urban migration for jobs in factories led to a decline in birth rates and lowered population growth rates below what Malthus predicted.
Industrialization led to the manufacture of weaponry used in warfare, resulting in higher mortality during the conflicts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that dramatically reduced populations.
The migration of people from rural areas to factory cities allowed farmers to expand their farm size and increase food production above Malthus’ predictions.
Industrialization enabled and promoted European imperialism, and Europeans migrated to overseas colonies, reducing the European population.
Mechanization expanded to agriculture, increasing the need for agricultural labor to run the equipment, leading rural families to have more children and increasing population growth.
The international Syrian refugee crisis that started in 2011 is best explained by which of the following migration factors?
An economic pull factor from the European Union, where jobs and housing are available in cities
A demographic push factor from Syria, where the total fertility rate is high
A political pull factor from the United States, where there is a history of Syrian immigration
A political pull factor from Turkey, where there are free and open elections
A political push factor from Syria, where armed conflict imperils personal safety
Which of the following would be most likely to increase life expectancy in a less developed country, resulting in an aging population in that country?
An increase in the country’s birth rate
Rural-to-urban migration within the country
Improvements in transportation and communication networks
Improvements in access to health care and sanitation
A decrease in the country’s total fertility rate
Which of the following is most characteristic of societies currently in the last stage of demographic transition?
Hyperinflation
Unemployment
Youth dependency
Aging population
Overpopulation
In recent decades, all of the following have played a major role in the rapid growth of Sun Belt cities of the United States EXCEPT
immigration from Latin America
high levels of per capita federal spending in the South and West
cheap land and labor
climatic changes leading to colder northern winters
the increasing demand for retirement and resort centers
All of the following twentieth-century migration streams were propelled by persecution or open conflict EXCEPT
Asians leaving Uganda
Kosovars leaving Yugoslavia
Tutsis leaving Rwanda
Hindus leaving Pakistan
Mexicans leaving Mexico
