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WorksheetsAnatomy Cellular Function
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 27mins
Active Transport
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of low concentration into an area of high concentration. Active transport requires energy.
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. Facilitated transport does not require energy
The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration until they are equally distributed.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
Anaphase
The phase in cell division when the chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides of the spindle.
The final phase of cell division, resulting in the completion of two new cells.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
Cell Division
The biological process of cells dividing into two or more cells.
The exchange or swapping of chromosomes due to overlapping pieces during meiosis.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
The phase of mitosis following prophase and preceding metaphase
Cells
The basic unit of life making up all living things.
Short, hair-like appendages on the interior of a cell that move liquid and materials.
The shrinking of a cell.
The more influential gene in one’s genetics.
Centrioles
Tubular structures that occur in pairs. These are important for cells to divide and make new cells.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Individual components of a cell that perform a variety of functions and operate like microscopic organs in performing a variety of functions to keep the cell healthy.
A group of four chromatids that compose chromosomes during meiosis.
Chromatin
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
Deoxyribonucleic acid. It contains the genetic make-up of a cell and blueprint for creating new cells.
A mature human haploid cell that can un
Chromosomes
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Deoxyribonucleic acid. It contains the genetic make-up of a cell and blueprint for creating new cells.
A set of four cells at the end of meiosis II, each with only half of the chromosomes that humans have (23 chromosomes).
Cilia
Short, hair-like appendages on the interior of a cell that move liquid and materials.
Long, hair-like appendages on the interior of the cell that move liquid and materials.
Organelles with a single membrane that act as storage containers
The process in which ova are produced in the female ovaries.
Crenate
The shrinking of a cell.
The exchange or swapping of chromosomes due to overlapping pieces during meiosis.
The biological process of cells dividing into two or more cells.
A set of two new cells in meiosis that have the complete 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes) that humans have.
Crossing Over
The exchange or swapping of chromosomes due to overlapping pieces during meiosis.
The final phase of cell division, resulting in the completion of two new cells.
When a membrane-bound vesicle within a cell fuses with the plasma membrane to empty its contents to the outside of the cell.
An equal balance of dissolved solids (solutes) and water (solvent) on both sides of a cell membrane.
Cytokinesis
The final phase of cell division, resulting in the completion of two new cells.
The phase in cell division when the chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides of the spindle.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
Cell division that creates two cells with the exact genetic information of the “mother cell,” and the capability of dividing again.
Cytoplasm
The material within a cell, namely all the organelles within a cell and the thick, jelly-like fluid that surrounds them.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Flat-like sacs closest to the outer edge of the cell. They sort, package, and transport proteins and fats.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration until they are equally distributed.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. Facilitated transport does not require energy.
Diploid Cells
A set of two new cells in meiosis that have the complete 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes) that humans have.
A set of four cells at the end of meiosis II, each with only half of the chromosomes that humans have (23 chromosomes).
Cell division that creates two cells with only half the genetic information of the “mother cell”. The new cells must be fertilized before they are capable of dividing again.
Cell division that creates two cells with the exact genetic information of the “mother cell,” and the capability of dividing again.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid. It contains the genetic make-up of a cell and blueprint for creating new cells.
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
The biological process of cells dividing into two or more cells
Dominant Gene
The more influential gene in one’s genetics.
The less influential gene in one’s genetics
A process in which the male testes produce sperm (gametes).
A group of four chromatids that compose chromosomes during meiosis.
Endocytosis
When a portion of the plasma membrane of a cell engulfs a substance so it can enter the cell.
When a membrane-bound vesicle within a cell fuses with the plasma membrane to empty its contents to the outside of the cell.
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. Facilitated transport does not require energy.
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of low concentration into an area of high concentration. Active transport requires energy.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Flattened sac-like structures that act as tunnels in the cell.
Flat-like sacs closest to the outer edge of the cell. They sort, package, and transport proteins and fats.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
Exocytosis
When a membrane-bound vesicle within a cell fuses with the plasma membrane to empty its contents to the outside of the cell.
When a portion of the plasma membrane of a cell engulfs a substance so it can enter the cell.
When there are more dissolved solids outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
Facilitated Transport
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. Facilitated transport does not require energy.
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of low concentration into an area of high concentration. Active transport requires energy.
The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration until they are equally distributed
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
Flagella
Long, hair-like appendages on the interior of the cell that move liquid and materials.
Short, hair-like appendages on the interior of a cell that move liquid and materials.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Flat-like sacs closest to the outer edge of the cell. They sort, package, and transport proteins and fats. Haploid Cells A set of four cells at the end of
Gamete
A mature human haploid cell that can unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
The study of how characteristics and traits are passed from parent to child through DNA.
Gametes, or reproductive cells, produced in the female ovaries. Plural form of ovum (one ovum).
The male reproductive cell, or gamete.
Genetics
The study of how characteristics and traits are passed from parent to child through DNA.
A mature human haploid cell that can unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Golgi Complex
Flat-like sacs closest to the outer edge of the cell. They sort, package, and transport proteins and fats.
Flattened sac-like structures that act as tunnels in the cell.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
Haploid Cells
A set of four cells at the end of meiosis II, each with only half of the chromosomes that humans have (23 chromosomes).
A set of two new cells in meiosis that have the complete 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes) that humans have.
The exchange or swapping of chromosomes due to overlapping pieces during meiosis.
The biological process of cells dividing into two or more cells.
Hyperosmotic Solution/Hypertonic Solution
When there are more dissolved solids outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
The semi-permeable thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell and allows for the transport of materials in and out of a cell.
Hypoosmotic Solution/Hypotonic Solution
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
When there are more dissolved solids outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
The force exerted on a selectively permeable membrane because water has moved from an area of higher to lower concentration of water (or higher concentration of solute).
Interphase
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell
The first phase of cell division.
The phase of cell division in which a cleavage furrow is formed as the cell membrane pinches and a nucleus is created in each of the new cells.
Isotonic
An equal balance of dissolved solids (solutes) and water (solvent) on both sides of a cell membrane.
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
The force exerted on a selectively permeable membrane because water has moved from an area of higher to lower concentration of water (or higher concentration of solute).
When proteins in the cell membrane move a molecule from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration. Facilitated transport does not require energy.
Lyse
The swelling and bursting of a cell
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
A group of four chromatids that compose chromosomes during meiosis.
The male reproductive cell, or gamete.
Lysosomes
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
The swelling and bursting of a cell.
Flat-like sacs closest to the outer edge of the cell. They sort, package, and transport proteins and fats
Meiosis
Cell division that creates two cells with only half the genetic information of the “mother cell”. The new cells must be fertilized before they are capable of dividing again.
Cell division that creates two cells with the exact genetic information of the “mother cell,” and the capability of dividing again.
A set of four cells at the end of meiosis II, each with only half of the chromosomes that humans have (23 chromosomes).
A set of two new cells in meiosis that have the complete 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes) that humans have.
Metaphase
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
The phase of cell division in which a cleavage furrow is formed as the cell membrane pinches and a nucleus is created in each of the new cells.
The first phase of cell division.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
Mitochondria
Organelles that make energy.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Flattened sac-like structures that act as tunnels in the cell.
Mitosis
Cell division that creates two cells with the exact genetic information of the “mother cell,” and the capability of dividing again.
Cell division that creates two cells with only half the genetic information of the “mother cell”. The new cells must be fertilized before they are capable of dividing again.
A set of four cells at the end of meiosis II, each with only half of the chromosomes that humans have (23 chromosomes).
A set of two new cells in meiosis that have the complete 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes) that humans have.
Nuclear Membrane
The membrane that encloses the nucleus of a cell.
The most prominent component of a cell, often referred to as the brain or control center of the cell. It houses the genetic material needed for reproduction
The semi-permeable thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell and allows for the transport of materials in and out of a cell
Cell division that creates two cells with the exact genetic information of the “mother cell,” and the capability of dividing again.
Nucleus
The most prominent component of a cell, often referred to as the brain or control center of the cell. It houses the genetic material needed for reproduction.
Individual components of a cell that perform a variety of functions and operate like microscopic organs in performing a variety of functions to keep the cell healthy.
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
Organelles that make energy.
Oogenesis
The process in which ova are produced in the female ovaries.
Gametes, or reproductive cells, produced in the female ovaries. Plural form of ovum (one ovum).
Organelles with a single membrane that act as storage containers.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
Organelles
Individual components of a cell that perform a variety of functions and operate like microscopic organs in performing a variety of functions to keep the cell healthy.
The semi-permeable thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell and allows for the transport of materials in and out of a cell.
Cell division that creates two cells with only half the genetic information of the “mother cell”. The new cells must be fertilized before they are capable of dividing again.
The basic unit of life making up all living things.
Organism
Any living thing that functions on its own.
Individual components of a cell that perform a variety of functions and operate like microscopic organs in performing a variety of functions to keep the cell healthy
The basic unit of life making up all living things.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Osmosis
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
The force exerted on a selectively permeable membrane because water has moved from an area of higher to lower concentration of water (or higher concentration of solute).
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
When there are more dissolved solids outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.
Osmotic Pressure
The force exerted on a selectively permeable membrane because water has moved from an area of higher to lower concentration of water (or higher concentration of solute).
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
The semi-permeable thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell and allows for the transport of materials in and out of a cell.
When there are more dissolved solids within the cell than outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
Ova
Gametes, or reproductive cells, produced in the female ovaries. Plural form of ovum (one ovum).
The male reproductive cell, or gamete.
The process in which ova are produced in the female ovaries.
A group of four chromatids that compose chromosomes during meiosis.
Peroxisomes
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
The smallest and most abundant organelles, ribosomes make protein.
Organelles that make energy.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
Plasma Membrane
The semi-permeable thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell and allows for the transport of materials in and out of a cell.
The membrane that encloses the nucleus of a cell
When there are more dissolved solids outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.
The material within a cell, namely all the organelles within a cell and the thick, jelly-like fluid that surrounds them.
Prometaphase
The phase of mitosis following prophase and preceding metaphase.
The first phase of cell division.
The phase of cell division in which a cleavage furrow is formed as the cell membrane pinches and a nucleus is created in each of the new cells.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
Prophase
The first phase of cell division.
The phase of cell division in which a cleavage furrow is formed as the cell membrane pinches and a nucleus is created in each of the new cells
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
The process of a cell preparing for division by growing larger and making all the necessary materials.
Recessive
The less influential gene in one’s genetics.
The smallest and most abundant organelles, ribosomes make protein.
Individual components of a cell that perform a variety of functions and operate like microscopic organs in performing a variety of functions to keep the cell healthy
The more influential gene in one’s genetics.
Ribosomes
The smallest and most abundant organelles, ribosomes make protein.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
Organelles that make energy.
A mature human haploid cell that can unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Sperm
The male reproductive cell, or gamete.
Gametes, or reproductive cells, produced in the female ovaries. Plural form of ovum (one ovum).
A mature human haploid cell that can unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
The study of how characteristics and traits are passed from parent to child through DNA.
Spermatogenesis
A process in which the male testes produce sperm (gametes).
The male reproductive cell, or gamete
The process in which ova are produced in the female ovaries.
Gametes, or reproductive cells, produced in the female ovaries. Plural form of ovum (one ovum).
Telophase
The phase of cell division in which a cleavage furrow is formed as the cell membrane pinches and a nucleus is created in each of the new cells.
The phase of mitosis following prophase and preceding metaphase.
The phase in cell division in which the chromosomes are arranged along the middle of the cell.
The final phase of cell division, resulting in the completion of two new cells.
Tetrad
A group of four chromatids that compose chromosomes during meiosis.
The arrangement of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most cells which carries genetic information in the form of genes.
The genetic material that makes up chromosomes.
Tubular structures that occur in pairs. These are important for cells to divide and make new cells.
Vacuoles
Organelles with a single membrane that act as storage containers.
Organelles that function to help breakdown fat or other chemicals.
An organelle that destroys damaged organelles and protects the cell from foreign substances.
The smallest and most abundant organelles, ribosomes make protein
