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Heredity & Adaptations

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Differences in traits are called:

a)

Natural selection

b)

Genetic variation

c)

Artificial selection

d)

Ancestors

2.

What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?

a)

Light moths - hunted easily

Dark moths - population increase

b)

Dark moths - hunted easily

Dark moths - population increase

c)

Light moths - hunted easily

Light moths - population increase

d)

Lights moths will change their color to match dark moths.

3.

The more similar the stages of embryonic development, the more likely that organisms share ____.

a)

A common ancestor

b)

Embryos

c)

Eggs

d)

Embryology

4.
What traits do crocodiles and amphibians have in common?
a)
Vertebrae and hair
b)
Four limbs and amniotic eggs
c)
Bony skeleton and vertebrae
d)
Amniotic eggs and hair
5.

What is comparative embryology?

a)

Compares embryos of different species, showing how all animals are related.

b)

Medical research that uses embryonic stem cells.

c)

The act of sequencing DNA of embryos.

6.

How do you "win" at natural selection?

a)

Survive

b)

Go extinct

c)

Survive & reproduce

7.

According to the Law of Superposition, the oldest fossils are found ...

a)

At the top of the rock layers

b)

Near the bottom of the rock layers

c)

In the middle of the rock layers

8.

The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?

a)

Old geologists

b)

A list of every living thing ever

c)

The known history of rocks and fossils

9.

In the blank cladogram, what type of information would go on the lines labeled B?

a)

Shared characteristics

b)

DNA analysis

c)

Common ancestors

d)

Organisms

10.

True or False: Natural selection will still occur if each individual has the same exact traits.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

What is NOT an example of a limiting factor in a population?

a)

Not enough water

b)

Predators

c)

Enough food

d)

An environmental disaster

12.

Which came first, the chicken or the egg?

a)

The chicken

b)

The egg

13.

A species is ...

a)

A type of DNA

b)

A group of different colored frogs

c)

A group of organisms that can mate with each other

14.

A species could go extinct if:

a)

Food becomes more plentiful

b)

Members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival

c)

The environment changes drastically and no one can adapt

d)

There is less competition for resources

15.

Which fossil is the oldest?

a)

Mammals

b)

Dinosaurs

c)

Amphibians

d)

Fishes

e)

Trilobites

16.

Which fossil is the youngest?

a)

Mammals

b)

Dinosaurs

c)

Amphibians

d)

Fishes

e)

Trilobites

17.

Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?

a)

The function of these bones is the same in all animals.

b)

They live in similar environments.

c)

They have a common ancestor.

d)

All organisms resemble humans.

18.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.
a)
True
b)
False
19.

Why do organisms change over time?

a)

Those with the most helpful traits don't have babies

b)

Those with the most helpful traits have babies that do too

c)

Those with least helpful traits don't have babies

d)

Those with least helpful traits have babies that do too

20.

The first life forms on Earth were similar to ...

a)

Single cell organisms

b)

Multicellular organisms

c)

Flowering plants

d)

Dinosaurs

21.

What does NOT work to connect an organism back to their common ancestor?

a)

By comparing bone structures of the organisms

b)

By comparing embryos of the organisms

c)

By comparing the environments of the organisms

d)

By comparing the DNA of the organisms

22.

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?

a)

Crayfish

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Perch

d)

Frog

23.

If we are decedents from monkeys, why are there still monkeys?

a)

We AREN'T decedents from monkeys, we share a common ancestor.

b)

There is not enough information to determine this question.

24.

In the blank cladogram, what type of information would go on the lines labeled A?

a)

Derived characteristics

b)

Common ancestors

c)

DNA analysis

d)

Organisms

25.

Adaptations can be:

a)

Camouflage

b)

Ability to survive cold weather

c)

Hunting skills

d)

All of the above

26.

Natural selection occurs during the lifetime of a single organism.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Which of these animals does NOT have/produce an amniotic egg?

a)

Turtle

b)

Leopard

c)

Lamprey

d)

All three of these animals produce the amniotic egg

28.

The Earth formed ____.

a)

45 million years ago

b)

45 billion years ago

c)

4.5 million years ago

d)

4.5 billion years ago

29.

A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:

a)

The green population to increase and the yellow to decrease

b)

Both populations should stay the same

c)

Both populations will increase

d)

The green population to decrease and the yellow to increase

30.

A paleontologist uncovers a series of fossils in a piece of rock.


-Fossil A was found 1 meter deep.

-Fossil B was found 3 meters deep.

-Fossil C was found 4 meters deep.

-Fossil D was found 10 meters deep.


Which fossil is the oldest?

a)

Fossil A was found 1 meter deep.

b)

Fossil B was found 3 meters deep.

c)

Fossil C was found 4 meters deep.

d)

Fossil D was found 10 meters deep.

31.

What is NOT true about natural selection?

a)

Members of the same species have to have different traits

b)

Traits need to be heritable

c)

When parents reproduce, they have babies who have the same traits as them

d)

All traits will help an animal survive

32.

Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with aged and identified fossils?

a)

Fossil record

b)

Comparative embryology

c)

Comparative anatomy

33.

Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with comparing similar structures in various species?

a)

Fossil record

b)

Comparative embryology

c)

Comparative anatomy

34.

What is comparative anatomy?

a)

The comparison of embryos

b)

The comparison of the Earth's layers

c)

The comparison of body/bone structures

d)

The comparison of carbon dating

35.

Which trait is NOT heritable?

a)

The ability to taste certain flavors

b)

How big your muscles get after a year of PE

c)

The color of your hair

d)

The color of your eyes

36.

Genes that get passed down from parents are most commonly ...

a)

Beneficial, and help the offspring survive

b)

Detrimental, and they make it difficult to survive

c)

Mutations

37.

Look at this graph, what is the title?

a)

Snow Hare Population Each Month

b)

Month

c)

Snow Hare Population

d)

Population Graph

38.

Look at this graph, what is the y-axis labeled?

a)

Rainfall during the first 9 days of a month

b)

Day of the month

c)

Rainfall in mm

d)

Month

39.

Look at this graph, what is the x-axis labeled?

a)

Elk and Bison Population in Yellowstone

b)

Minimum number of animals

c)

Maximum number of wolves

d)

Year

40.

Who is Charles Darwin?

a)

A teacher at El Sausal Middle School

b)

The creator of Snurfle Islands

c)

A scientist that studied evolution through the process called natural selection