2. This is an ideal reversible process with no heat addition or extraction. Work done is equivalent to the change of internal energy.

3. This is a comparison between the mass of air induced per cycle and the mass of air contained in the stroke volume at standard conditions.

4. This is the Ratio of the volume of air at the start of the compression stroke to the volume of air at the end of this stroke (inner dead centre).

5. Theoretically, this is the amount of air per kilogram of fuel.

6. This is similar to volumetric efficiency but used to describe 2-stroke engines where some gas may be included with the air at the start of compression.

7. What is a measure of the mechanical perfection of an engine, numerically expressed as the ratio between the indicated power and the brake power?

8. What is the ratio between the energy developed at the brake (output shaft)

of the engine and the energy supplied?

9. The following are cycles which form the basis for reference of the actual performance of Internal Combustion (IC) engines. Which should not be included?

10. There are two basic classifications of reciprocating IC engines. This particular classification utilizes the function of a spark plug for combustion of fuel-air mixtures.

11. Among the ideal gas cycles, which form the basis of all SI and high speed CI engines?

12. What is the cycle more applicable to older CI engines? Heat is received at constant pressure and rejected at constant volume.

13. Modern CI reciprocating IC engines are using this particular cycle. What is it?

14. Which of the following is also considered as a simple gas turbine flow cycle?

15. Otto cycle usually utilizes spark ignition. Which fuel does it use?

16. Diesel engines are classified according to working principles, design, number of revolutions, power output, fuel used, usage, and other characteristics. What, according to working principle, finishes a full cycle in two revolutions of the crankshaft?

17. Following the previous question, what finishes a full cycle in one revolution of the crankshaft?

18. How do we compute for the efficiency of a heat engine?

19. What is a system which converts heat energy to mechanical energy?

20. There are most ideal cycles involve thermodynamic processes: heating or cooling at constant volume, heating or cooling at constant pressure, adiabatic compression or expansion. Which of the following involves constant volume?

21. Which of the following thermodynamic process involves constant pressure?

22. Which process involves no heat added or removed from the system?

23. What do you call a break up of fuel into minute spray particles so as to ensure an intimate mixing of air and fuel oil? (Reeds Vol. 12 Fuel Injection)

24. Which of the following is the swirling effect of air charge in the cylinder?

25. What is the ability of the fuel spray droplets to spread throughout the cylinder space to allow maximum utilization of volume for combustion?

26. When fuel spray has excess velocity and causes contact with metallic engine parts and resulting in flame burning this is called?

27. The arrangement at the fuel valve tip to direct fuel in the proper direction with the correct velocity is called?

28. Maintaining correct viscosity is important when starting/running a marine diesel engine. This ensures optimum fuel injection. How is this achieved?

29. Which of the following fuel is most commonly used by large marine diesel engines?

30. There are three broad types of injection: Jerk Injection, Common Rail, Timed Injection. Which of the aforementioned types are commonly employed on modern marine diesel engines?

31. Which of the following is where the fuel pump delivers to the timing valve and then to the spring loaded injector?

32. Which of the following fuel pumps deliver to a pressure main and various cylinder valves open to the main and allow fuel injection to the appropriate cylinder?

33. The amount of fuel injected per stroke is usually accomplished by varying the effective plunger stroke of the fuel pump. This may be achieved by the following except:

34. What happens if there is incomplete combustion?

35. There are exhaust gases that must be controlled as per MARPOL Annex 6. These include the following except:

36. This is the total length traveled by the piston from BDC to TDC.

37. What do you call the diameter of the cylinder liner?

38. What is the instrument used to measure the readings inside the cylinder during engine operation?

39. MEP means?

40. Good fuel quality is necessary to ensure proper atomisation and combustion. Which of the following auxiliary machinery is responsible for reducing the impurities found in fuel oils on board?

41. What is the term for the heat released during the combustion of a unit of a substance?

42. The following are main combustible elements in fuel except:

43. This term describes the resistance of a liquid to flow:

44. There are salts also present in fuel. Which of the following is not included?

45. Among the main combustible elements in marine fuel oils, which is the undesired one?

46. What is the maximum water content permitted in marine fuel oils?

47. Most marine fuel oils contain how much amount of water?

48. What is the term used to measure the ignition quality of fuel?

49. This is a toxic gas present in some crude oils and fuel oils.

50. What is the engine component which ensure that fuel at the appropriate moment is distributed into the combustion chamber as a fine spray?

51. What is the injection pressure needed for two-stroke diesel engines?

52. For four-stroke diesel engines, what is the injection pressure required?

53. There are two injection principles: direct and indirect. Which is when fuel is injected into a single combustion space?

54. Which injection principle is when fuel is injected into a separate pre-chamber?

55. What is the percentage of oxygen in the air?

56. What is the percentage of nitrogen in the air?

57. #1

58. #2

59. #3

60. #4

61. This involves removing impurities from the fuel.

62. This controls fuel viscosity for proper atomisation.

63. No combustion can take place without the proper amount of oxygen.

64. This leads to high generation without shock loading on the engine components.

65. This is the process of breaking fuel particles to extremely small droplets.

66. Distance traveled by fuel particles inside the combustion chamber.

67. Combustion of fuel is more efficient with the proper proportions of fuel and air in the combustion chamber.

68. Temperature increases as pressure increases. Proper maintenance of piston rings, pistons and liners are essential.

69. Nozzle A:

70. Nozzle B:

71. Nozzle C:

72. Nozzle D:

73. What is the part that forms the body of the injector?

74. You can adjust the compression of the spring using this part of the fuel injector.

75. A marine diesel engine is also classified according to rotational speed or RPM. What is the engine classification if the rotational speed is less than 140 RPM?

76. What is the engine classification if the rotational speed is upwards 140 RPM but less than 960?

77. What is the engine classification if the rotational speed is more than 960 RPM?

78. Engines are also classified according to design. What is the classification of engine if the connecting rod is hinged on the piston by a gudgeon pin?

1. What if the piston is bolted to the piston rod?

80. In medium and high speed diesel engines, the engine is indirectly connected to the propeller shaft via?

#10 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#9 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#8 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#7 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#6 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#5 of the marine diesel engine lower part

#4 of the marine diesel engine upper part

#3 of the marine diesel engine upper part

#2 of the marine diesel engine upper part

#1 of the marine diesel engine upper part

91. Which of the following is the best advantage of a four-stroke diesel engine compared to a two-stroke diesel engine?

92. Which of the following is the best advantage of a two-stroke diesel engine compared to a four-stroke diesel engine with the same size?

93. Marine Diesel Engines are Internal Combustion engines which utilizes what form of ignition process?

94. Marine Diesels are also classified according to cylinder arrangement. Which of the following has a biplanar cylinder arrangement often at an angle of 45 degrees?

95. Which of the classifications have a planar cylinder arrangement?

96. What is the process where a 2-stroke diesel engine admits air into its cylinder/combustion chamber?

97. What is the type of scavenging process has intake on one end and exhaust in another?

98. The type of scavenging process where the intake and exhaust is at one end of the cylinder?

99. A four-stroke set up, as the name implies has four strokes to complete one combustion cycle. Which of the strokes is when air is admitted into the combustion chamber?

100. The stroke where the fuel and air mixture ignites and expands, pushing the piston down is called?