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Ecology Review

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The living part of an ecosystem is called a

a)

Environment

b)

Community

c)

Niche

d)

Habitat

2.

In a food chain, a herbivore is a

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Decomposer

d)

Scavenger

3.

A consumer-producer relationship is best shown by

a)

Tapeworms living in people

b)

Foxes eating mice

c)

Leaves growing on a tree

d)

Rabbits eating clover (a plant)

4.

Which is an example of a producer?

a)

Fish

b)

Bird

c)

Squirrel

d)

Green plant

5.

To make their own food, green plants use the energy of the

a)

Roots

b)

Oxygen

c)

Water

d)

Sun

6.

Areas with similar climates, plants, and animals are called

a)

Communities

b)

Taigas

c)

Habitats

d)

Pioneer Succession

7.

All interacting organisms living in an area are called

a)

Habitat

b)

Population

c)

Community

d)

Ecosystem

8.

Organisms that break down and feed on dead organic matter are

a)

Producer

b)

Omnivore

c)

Consumer

d)

Decomposer

9.

All organisms of the same species that live in a location are called

a)

Population

b)

Habitat

c)

Community

d)

Ecosystem

10.

The group of animals in the image below is an example of what?

a)

Biosphere

b)

Community

c)

Population

d)

Ecosystem

11.

An ecologist who studies how several species in an area interact among each other and with the nonliving parts of the environment is interested in the biological organization level called a(n) ___.

a)

Organism

b)

Community

c)

Population

d)

Ecosystem

12.

An ecologist who studies how several species in an area interact is interested in the biological organization called a(n)

a)

Organism

b)

Community

c)

Population

d)

Ecosystem

13.

Which is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

a)

Rock

b)

Sunlight

c)

Stream of water

d)

Tree

14.

Wind is considered to be an abiotic factor because it

a)

is not in an ecosystem

b)

is not related to biodiversity

c)

is a nonliving thing

d)

is in equilibrium

15.

A rainforest has a high level of biodiversity because it has

a)

A rainforest has a high level of biodiversity because it has

b)

some endangered species.

c)

few connections between living things.

d)

a wide variety of living things

16.

A keystone species is a species that

a)

goes unnoticed if its numbers decrease.

b)

alters an area by building bridges and dams.

c)

leads to a decrease in an area's biodiversity.

d)

has an unusually large impact on its ecosystem.

17.

Beavers are sometimes trapped for their fur. What could one effect of increased trapping of beavers in an area?

a)

Biodiversity among the area's fish would increase

b)

The number of fish and birds would decrease

c)

There would be more areas for waterfowl

d)

More trees would be cut down

18.

Most producers get energy from the Sun using the process of

a)

Chemosynthesis

b)

Respiration

c)

Consumption

d)

Photosynthesis

19.

Chemosynthesis is the process in which organisms

a)

form energy using chemicals.

b)

get energy by eating other organisms.

c)

make chemicals that absorb sunlight.

d)

Use energy from the sun to form carbohydrates.

20.

Each level in the food chain contains less energy than the one below it because some energy is

a)

added to the system

b)

consumed by carnivores

c)

lost as heat during the process of obtaining food

d)

incorporated into biomass

21.

The term biomass refers to the total

a)

dry mass of the organisms in a given area

b)

unused material excreted as waste

c)

producer to consumer ratio

d)

mass of all living things on Earth

22.

A diagram that shows how available energy is distributed among trophic levels in an ecosystem is called a(n)

a)

Food pyramid

b)

Food web

c)

Pyramid of numbers

d)

Energy pyramid

23.

Which of the following statements is true about producers?

a)

They consume the most of the biomass in ecosystems.

b)

They fix most of the nitrogen in ecosystems.

c)

They produce most of the carbon dioxide in ecosystems.

d)

They provide most of the energy in ecosystems.

24.

Which model shows the number of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem?

a)

Biomass pyramid

b)

Pyramid of numbers

c)

Food web

d)

Food Chain

25.

A food chain contains an oak tree (producer), mice (herbivore), black rat snakes (carnivore), and bald eagles (carnivore). How many levels of consumers does this food chain have?

a)

One

b)

Three

c)

Two

d)

Four

26.

A relationship between two organisms that benefits one of the organisms and does not harm the other is

a)

Commensalism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

27.

Some birds are known as honey guides because they may be followed by humans to wild beehives. When the humans take honey from the hives, the birds are able to feast on honey and bees too. This type of relationship can best be described as

a)

Parasitism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Symbiosis

28.

Athlete's foot is caused by a fungus that lives between the toes of people. The fungus gets food and water from the cells of the person. The fungus is an example of a

a)

Predator

b)

Parasite

c)

Prey

d)

Host

29.

The tick is involved in which type of symbiosis?

a)

Predatorism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

30.

The relationship between cats and mice could best be described as

a)

Scavenger - Carrion

b)

Parasite - Host

c)

Predator - Prey

d)

Consumer - Producer

31.

Which of the following would be a biotic factor in a wolf's environment?

a)

A snow storm

b)

A rock

c)

A stream

d)

A snowshoe hare (similar to a rabbit)

32.

Two robins eating worms on the same lawn is an example of

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

33.

Predation is best described as

a)

one organism capturing and eating another

b)

two organisms competing for limited resources

c)

an interaction in which two species benefit from each other

d)

an interaction in which one species benefits and the other is not affected

34.

The development of an ecosystem in an area that is made of rock begins with

a)

breakdown by pioneer species

b)

growth of trees and shrubs

c)

migration of species

d)

appearance of soil

35.

An oak tree provided a sparrow (a bird) a place to build a nest. The nest neither benefits nor harms the tree. What is the name for this type of relationship?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Predation

c)

Commensalism

d)

Parasitism

36.

Secondary succession is most likely to occur

a)

after a forest fire

b)

if a glacier shrinks

c)

with pioneer species

d)

on a new volcanic island

37.

Reorder the following

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
38.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
39.
the first organisms that appear in an ecological community
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
40.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
41.

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

42.

Secondary Succession on land always begin when _______ is still available.

a)

Rock

b)

Dirt

c)

Water

d)

Wind

43.

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

a)

peak community

b)

turf community

c)

climax community

d)

disturbed community

44.

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

a)

To create rocks

b)

To look nice

c)

Food for animals

d)

To create soil and add nutrients to the environment

45.

Succession that occurs in an area with NO SOIL

a)

Ecological succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Primary succession

d)

Pioneer species

46.

During a forest fire most vegetation (plants) burn. A forest fire is an example of primary succession.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a)

Feeding

b)

Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Percolation

48.

What does the water cycle show?

a)

How water moves around between the atmosphere, oceans, rivers and land

b)

How water gets into our homes

c)

How water is transported around the body

d)

How waste water is purified so that it's safe to drink

49.

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

Combustion

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Evaporation

d)

Respiration

50.

Higher organisms use nitrogen to make their

a)

bones

b)

proteins

c)

cells

d)

nerves

51.

The carbon in coal, oil, and natural gas came from

a)

the combustion of fossil fuels

b)

the remains of dead organisms

c)

carbon-fixing bacteria in swamp soil

d)

carbon dioxide dissolved in ocean water

52.

Deforestation is a big concern. What gas would trees stop producing when cut down?

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

nitrogen

d)

air

53.

Nitrogen fixation is primarily performed by

a)

Humans

b)

Plants

c)

Animals

d)

Bacteria

54.
Phosphorous is passed from plants to ____ who eat them
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
scavengers
55.
_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .
a)
precipitation
b)
runoff
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
56.

What is an Abiotic Factor?

a)

A NON-living factor that can affect an ecosystem

b)

A living factor that can affect an ecosystem

c)

The carrying capacity of an ecosystem

57.

What is a limiting factor?

a)

Factors that always increase a population

b)

Factors that always decrease a population

c)

Resources that are unlimited

d)

Factors/resources that limit how many organisms can live in an area at the same time

58.

A rabbit population increases in a particular area which makes them easier to find for the foxes that prey on them.

a)

Density Dependent

b)

Density Independent

59.

During Hurricane Floyd, heavy rains and flooding affected many rural areas of Eastern North Carolina, several people lost their lives and many lost their homes.

a)

Density Dependent

b)

Density Independent

60.

On February 6, 2023, earthquakes in the nation of Turkey took the lives of over 50,000 people

a)

Density Dependent

b)

Density Independent