WorksheetsRespiratory system
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
Gas exchange is needed to supply _____________ to cells and remove __________________
carbon dioxide; oxygen
oxygen; food
oxygen; carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide; water
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body
to bring oxygen to the body
to break down food and absorb nutrients
to remove oxygen from the body and deliver carbon dioxide
I. High surface area
II. Thin walls
III. Dry surfaces
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place.
Bronchi
Trachea
Oxygen
Alveoli
Name the structure through which gases enter and leave the body of an insect.
tracheoles
alveoli
lungs
spiracles
Identify part B
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Identify part D
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Identify part E
The lung
The left lung
The right lung
The cavity
Identify part G
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm
Chest bone
The ribs
Identify part H
Trachea
The ribcage
Intercostal muscles
The diaphragm
Cartilage found in the trachea are what shape?
D
C
E
U
Which part contracts and moves downwards?
E
F
G
H
When the volume of the thorax increases,........
The volume of the thorax decreases
The pressure in the lungs decreases
The pressure in the lungs increases
There is no change in pressure
When the diaphragm relaxes,.....
The volume of the lungs increases and the pressure increases
The volume of the lungs decreases and the pressure increases
The volume of the lungs decreases and the pressure decreases
The volume of the lungs increases and the pressure decreases
In what ways is the bell jar different to the lungs? (check all that apply)
The glass does not move like the ribs move
The bell jar does not respire
The first tube then splits into two tubes
Lungs are not balloons
What makes a good exchange surface? (check all that apply)
A large surface area
A thick barrier
A good blood supply
A moist surface
A large surface are means.......
A good concentration gradient
More space for diffusion to occur, so less diffusion
Less diffusion
More space for diffusion to occur, so more diffusion
A moist surface means.....
Gasses can dissolve in solution
The area is slippery for exchange
The large surface area is wet
Less diffusion will occur as the water is a barrier
A good blood supply means........
A large surface area is needed
The area is moist
A concentration gradient can be established
Less diffusion will occur
A thin barrier for diffusion; one cell thick, means......
The diffusion distance is smaller, so the rate of diffusion is slower
The diffusion distance is smaller, so the rate of diffusion is quicker
The rate of diffusion is unchanged as the molecules will still move
Molecules are unable to diffuse over cells
Gas exchange in humans is.......
When breathing occurs
When carbon dioxide moves out
When oxygen moves in
The exchange of oxygen and carbon over a surface
The graph shows oxygen dissociation curves of fish and human. The oxygen dissociation curve of fish is to the right of human because
Fish haemoglobin has a higher affinity to oxygen
Oxygen concentration in water is lower than in air
At low oxygen partial pressure, human haemoglobin is more saturated than fish haemoglobin
At low oxygen partial pressure, fish haemoglobin binds to less oxygen compared to human haemoglobin
Which is true about hemoglobin when blood pH increases from 7.2 to 7.4?
The release of oxygen increases
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases
The affinity of hemoglobin towards oxygen increases
The ability of hemoglobin to bind the hydrogen ions increases
The main function of cilia which line the respiratory surface is to
Moisten the trachea
Lubricate the bronchi to ease the flow of air into the lungs
Move the mucus to the pharynx and away from the lungs
Provide mucus to the lungs to prevent the lungs from dehydration
What are the main muscles of inhalation?
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles
The scalenes and the abdominal muscles
The diaphram and abdominal muscles
The diaphragm and latissimus muscles
A contraction of the diaphragm during inhalation causes it to flatten. What else does the contraction result in?
An increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity
Increase in alveolar pressure
A decrease in lung volume
A decrease in the volume of the thoracic cavity
What pressure gradient is exhalation triggered by?
The pressure in the lungs is less than the pressure of the atmosphere
The pressure in the lungs is greater than the pressure of the atmosphere
What happens when the intercostals contract during inhalation?
The diaphragm relaxes
The ribs are elevated
Pressure in the lungs increases
The size of the thoracic cavity decreases
During exhalation, the ribs become depressed as the intercostal muscles relax - Thus the lung volume decreases which increases the alveolar pressure. What does this cause?
Air flows from the area of lower pressure in the alveoli to the area of higher pressure in the atmosphere
Air flows from the area of higher pressure in the alveoli to the area of lower pressure in the atmosphere
The (a) intercostal muscles contract during expiration
The (a) intercostal muscles relaxes during inspiration
Contraction of the external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm leads to
Increase in the pressure of the thoracic cavity and lungs
Increase in the pressure of the lungs
Decrease in the pressure of the thoracic cavity and lungs
Increase in the pressure of the thoracic cavity
Gases moves from an area of (a) to low pressure
What does the pressure in the lungs need to get lower than in order for air to enter the lungs?
(a)
Which of the following muscles relax during inhaling?
A only
B only
A and C
B and C|
With an increase of surface area to volume ratio, what happens to rate of gas exchange?
the rate of gas exchange increases
gas exchange decreases
fish breathe faster
diffusion of oxygen decreases
The gill cover is called the Operculum.
Which gas exchange method is most efficient?
Parallel flow
Counter-current flow
What adaptations does the alveoli have for efficient gas exchange?
thick walls
thin walls
small surface area
In this word equation for respiration, what is y representing?
Glucose + x --> y + water + energy
carbon dioxide
methane
oxygen
ATP
What is meant by a counter-current system?
A short distance for gases to diffuse
When water flows in an opposite direction to blood flow
having a higher concentration inside the lungs than outside
Select all the organs that are part of gas change system in humans.
lungs
blood vessels
capillaries
diaphragm
alveoli
Which one of the following tests can detect respiration?
rise in temperature around the cells
solution of calcium hydroxide test
using hydrogen carbonate indicator
all the above
What happens when carbon dioxide passes through limewater?
it turns cloudy
it changes colour to yellow
it becomes light pink
What is the name of two main branches from the trachea (one to each lung)?
bronchi
alveoli
capillaries
bronchioles
