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APES Unit 1 Review Pt 1

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 9hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The study of environmental science primarily considers

a)

interactions among human systems and those found in Earth

b)

the effect of human systems

c)

abiotic factors that influence the state of our environment

d)

factors that affect global climate change

2.

Living in a sustainable way refers to

a)

recycling all paper, plastic, and metals

b)

using resources in a way that does not deprive future generations

c)

using Earth's resources efficiently

d)

eating locally whenever possible

3.

Place the ecology levels of organization in proper order (smallest to largest)

a)

organism > population > community > ecosystem > biosphere

b)

community > organism > ecosystem > biosphere > population

c)

organism > community > biosphere > population > ecosystem

d)

population > biosphere > ecosystem > community > organism

4.

A tapeworm lives in the small intestines where it feeds and grows, robbing the human of essential nutrients. This is a _____ type of relationship.

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Symbiotic

d)

Mutualism

5.

The cattle egret follows herds of cattle and eat the insects that the cattle stir up as they move through the grassland. The cattle appear to be unaffected by the egrets. This is a _____ type of relationship.

a)

Commensalism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Symbiotic

d)

Mutualism

6.

A positive feedback loop occurs

a)

when a system responds to a change by returning to its original state

b)

when feedback into a system decreases a rate of response

c)

when a system is in a steady state

d)

when feedback into a system increases a rate of response

7.

Which is a biotic factor?

a)

producers

b)

pH

c)

energy

d)

humidity

8.

Which best describes the concept of net primary production?

a)

total amount of energy available from the Sun

b)

total amount of cellular respiration conducted within an ecosystem

c)

energy captured minus energy lost

d)

total amount of energy available from the producer

9.

In which biome would you expect to find an area with an average temperature of 10oC and 200 cm of precipitation annually?

a)

Temperate seasonal forest

b)

Temperate rainforest

c)

Woodland/shrubland

d)

Tropical seasonal forest

10.

In which biome would you expect to find an area with an average temperature of 4oC and 50 cm of precipitation annually?

a)

Tundra

b)

Boreal forest

c)

Temperate grassland/cold desert

d)

Woodland/shrubland

11.

Which biome is characterized by the presence of permafrost?

a)

temperate seasonal forest

b)

woodland/shrubland

c)

tundra

d)

boreal forest

12.

The direction of an arrow in a food chain represents

a)

the flow of energy from organism B to A

b)

the movement of organisms

c)

the directionality of the sun

d)

the flow of energy from organism A to B

13.
Global warming is caused by
a)
greenhouse gases
b)
fossil fuel use
c)
cars and boats
d)
all of the above
14.
Which is NOT a process of the water cycle?
a)
precipitation
b)
freezing
c)
transpiration
d)
evaporation
15.
The process of plants losing water through their leaves is called ____.
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
exhaling
16.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
17.
Phosphorous is needed in organisms for the production of
a)
ADP and ATP.
b)
Cellular membranes.
c)
Deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids.
d)
All of the answers are correct
18.
These gases, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere causing global warming
a)
Global warming gases
b)
Hot House gases
c)
Green House gases
d)
Thermal pollution
19.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
20.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle.
21.
How do animals get nitrogen?
a)
the atmosphere 
b)
eating other organisms
c)
rainwater
d)
lightning 
22.
Organisms require nitrogen to make which of the following?
a)
glucose and starch
b)
lipids and nucleic acids
c)
proteins and nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates and proteins
23.
Where is carbon stored in the environment?
a)
Fossil fuels
b)
Wood of trees
c)
Calcium carbonate (shells and bones)
d)
All of the above
24.
Sulfur can be added to the atmosphere by
a)
burning coal, oil and gasoline
b)
respiration
c)
nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
decomposition
25.
What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?
a)
absorb phosphorous 
b)
release phosphorous into atmosphere
c)
return phosphorous into the soil
d)
combustion
26.

In general, algal blooms occur when

a)

toxins accumulate in shellfish.

b)

nutrients decrease in the water.

c)

nutrients increase in the water.

27.
The efficiency of energy transfer from a lower trophic level to the next highest level is roughly
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
100%
d)
1000%
28.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
29.
An organism that uses an outside source of energy like the sun to create energy-rich food molecules.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Parasite 
30.
What is the definition of ecological footprint?
a)
is the footprint of ecologist
b)
is a measure of the impact living things have on the environment.
c)
is a kind of plant that grows in the rainforrest.
d)
a measure of the impact humans have on the environment.
31.
The lorax realized that the trufulla trees were like a commons and would eventually
a)
overpopulate the area
b)
destroy the land
c)
become underappreciated and therefore leave the area
d)
Become depleted over time
32.
What can be done to solve problems related to the tragedy of the commons?
a)
Privatization
b)
Regulations, restrictions and quotas
c)
Public education
d)
All of the above
33.

A community of living things interacting with the nonliving parts of their environment

a)

ecosystem

b)

food web

c)

habitat

d)

niche

34.

All of the nonliving parts of an ecosystem

a)

biotic factors

b)

abiotic factors

c)

niche

d)

habitat

35.

An organisms special role or position, such as where it lives, how it eats or behaves, and how it interacts with other organisms and the environment.

a)

ecosystem

b)

food web

c)

habitat

d)

niche

36.

The kangaroo rat is able to get all of the water it needs through its food and therefore, never needs to drink liquid. This animal has adapted to survive in which biome?

a)

Forest

b)

Tundra

c)

Desert

d)

Grassland

37.

The rain forest soil is

a)

poor and rocky

b)

frozen soil

c)

thick and nutrient rich

d)

thin and nutrient poor

38.

An observer notes that the various birds in her yard feed on are using different parts of the tree for nesting sites and food. This is an example of _______________

a)

division of labor

b)

resource conservation

c)

resource partitioning

d)

mutualism

39.
What do you call ALL the living things in the same environment?
a)
population
b)
community
c)
ecosystem
d)
biome
40.

Which of the following ecosystems experiences harsh conditions due to conditions from tides?

a)

Coral reef

b)

Freshwater wetlands

c)

Open ocean

d)

Intertidal zone

41.

Which biome contains the aphotic zone?

a)

mangrove swamps

b)

strams and rivers

c)

coral reefs

d)

open ocean

42.

What is the effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle?

a)

Increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

b)

Decrease in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

c)

Increase in the amount of photosynthesis

d)

Deforestation has no impact on the carbon cycle

43.

The largest reservoir of nitrogen is the:

a)

Oceans

b)

Rivers

c)

Rock, Lithosphere, & Land

d)

Atmosphere

44.

Nitrogen is added to the atmosphere by:

a)

Denitrification

b)

Fixation

c)

Nitrification

d)

Ammonification

45.

Nitrogen is removed from the atmosphere by:

a)

Denitrification

b)

Fixation

c)

Nitrification

d)

Ammonification

46.

Which of the following best illustrates an abiotic factor affecting a biotic component?

a)

Composting manure is added to agriculture

b)

Phosphorous content in soil affecting plant growth

c)

Plants release oxygen into the atmosphere.

d)

Plants preventing soil erosion

47.

Which of the following is true of the carbon cycle?

a)

Carbon sinks include forests and oceans

b)

Carbon dioxide is released during photosynthesis

c)

Carbon dioxide in the air is reduced by cutting trees

d)

Carbon is concentrated in an igneous rock

48.

If gross primary productivity in a wetland is 3 kg C/m2/year and respiration is 1.5 kg C/m2/year, what is the net Primary Productivity of the wetland?

a)

1.5 kg C/m2/year

b)

2 kg C/m2/year

c)

3 kg C/m2/year

d)

4.5 kg C/m2/year

49.

The gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is?

a)

the total amount of biomass.

b)

the total energy captured by photosynthesis.

c)

the energy captured after accounting for respiration

d)

the energy available to primary consumers.

50.

The equation for photosynthesis

a)

4HF+SiO2 + Light Energy = SiF4+2H2O

b)

2Na+2H2O + Light Energy = 2NaOH+H2

c)

6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2

d)

2K+2H2O + Light Energy = 2KOH+H2

51.
How to calculate Net Primary Production:
a)
(GPP)(respiration)=NPP
b)
GPP/respiration=NPP
c)
GPP+respiration=NPP
d)
GPP-respiration=NPP
52.

If gross primary productivity is 5 gC/m2yr, and the producers need 1.5 gC/m2yr for their own respiration, what is the net primary productivity?

a)

3.5 gC/m2yr

b)

6.5 gC/m2yr

c)

-3.5 gC/m2yr

d)

7.5 gC/m2yr

53.

Energy enters a system as sunlight and a producer is able to produce 10 kilograms of tissue. If eaten, the producer would produce about ___ kilograms of a consumer tissue that would provide about ____ kilograms of tissue for a secondary consumer

a)

100; 10

b)

10; 1

c)

100; 1

d)

1; 0.1

54.

In a food pyramid, which organism can be found on the bottom?

a)

Primary Consumers

b)

Producers

c)

Secondary Consumers

d)

Herbivores

55.

At which trophic level are dragonflies that consume mosquitoes that feed on herbivorous mammals?

a)

Primary Producers

b)

Decomposers

c)

Primary Consumers

d)

Secondary Consumers

e)

Tertiary Consumers

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