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Review: Unit B Ecosystems & Population Change

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which biome is most likely to have the least amount of precipitation on an annual basis?

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

2.

The biome that covers the greatest amount of area of Canada is:

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

3.

Which Canadian biome has the greatest amount of biodiversity?

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

4.

Which Canadian biome has poor soil quality due to the fact that there is permafrost beneath a very thin soil layer?

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

5.

Which Canadian biome do we live in here in Fort Smith?

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

6.

Which two Canadian biomes do not have many trees?

a)

tundra

b)

taiga (boreal forest)

c)

grassland

d)

temperate deciduous forest

7.

REDEMPTION FROM QUIZ!!!! Since temperature range and length of growing seasons are similar in grassland and deciduous forest biomes, which of the following major factors MOST LIKELY determines the type of plant communities that will grow in a specific area?

a)

soil type

b)

amount of sunlight

c)

amount of available moisture

d)

types of animal species living in the area

8.

The tundra is particularly fragile because

a)

it's cold and dark during the winter

b)

the soil is so thin and poor

c)

there is so much snow

d)

polar bears

9.

The area where two ecosystems overlap is known as an:

(a)  

10.

Soil litter can affect which types of vegetation grow in an area. What type of factor is this?

a)

biotic

b)

abiotic

c)

photosynthesis

d)

yucky

11.

The zebra mussel can attach to boats and travel long distances. In this way, zebra mussels have been introduced into Canadian aquatic ecosystems from as far away as Asian and Europe. They compete with native species for food. Zebra mussels are an example of (check all that are correct):

a)

an invasive species

b)

an exotic species

c)

a stripy species

d)

an indicator species

e)

a divergent species

12.

The environment an organism lives in is called its:

a)

habitat

b)

home

c)

biome

d)

community

13.

An organism's role in its environment, including where it lives, how it interacts with other species is known as its:

(a)  

14.

Water density is highest at 4 degrees Celsius. The densest water will always go where in a lake?

a)

bottom

b)

surface

c)

the middle

d)

the salty area

15.

Which type of tree has its leaves (needles) all year long?

a)

coniferous

b)

deciduous

c)

poplar

d)

ferns

16.

The primary producers in the tundra biome are generally quite small, such as flowering plants, small shrubs, and lichen. What is the best explanation for this?

a)

Precipitation is lowest in this biome

b)

There is only a thin layer of soil on top of the permafrost

c)

Trees have not adapted to grow in cold, wintery conditions

d)

There is not enough sunlight to support plant growth

17.

Which of the layers of soil would you choose to use for your garden or lawn to promote plant or grass growth?

a)

Litter

b)

Topsoil

c)

Subsoil

d)

Bedrock

18.

Which abiotic factors make life difficult for organisms in the deep ocean? Check all that apply

a)

high pressure

b)

lack of sunlight

c)

cold temperature

d)

difficulty finding mates in the dark

e)

creepy predators with giant teeth

19.

Sunlight is important in ______________ environments because it's required for _____________________. Check whichever apply.

a)

aquatic, photosynthesis

b)

terrestrial, photosynthesis

c)

abiotic, global warming

d)

nearly all, cellular respiration

20.

"The maximum number of offspring that a species could produce with unlimited resources" This is the definition for (a)   potential

21.

What is a definition of the length of reproductive life of an organism?

a)

How many years an organism can have offspring for.

b)

How many years an organism lives.

c)

How many years a baby lives for.

d)

How many times an organism reproduces in a year.

22.

If the whooping cranes that live near Fort Smith double in population, are they exceeding their respective environment's carrying capacity?

a)

No, because they're endangered with a low population.

b)

No, because they have no natural predators.

c)

Yes, because doubling population is a big increase

d)

Yes, because their population is already quite large.

23.

Density-dependent factors in an ecosystem affects members of a population _______ population density

a)

Because of

b)

Regardless of

c)

In spite of

d)

None of the above

e)

All of the above

24.

Which of the following are examples of density-dependent factors? You must choose ALL correct answers

a)

Fire

b)

Habitat destruction

c)

Food shortage

d)

Diseases

25.

Which is related to the capacity for survival of an organism?

a)

Elephants reach sexual maturity at 15 years

b)

Elephants usually produce one offspring a year

c)

Elephants generally live to be 90 years

d)

Females elephants care for their young for more than 10 years

26.

Which of following are limiting factors for a producer in a terrestrial environment. You must check all that are correct.

a)

Parasites and diseases

b)

Light availability

c)

Dissolved oxygen

d)

Ease of finding prey species

27.

A very large, tall jack pine tree grows in a forest in Fort Smith, where we have had a particularly rainy year. Which of the following limiting factors will most likely affect the tree's growth this year?

a)

light

b)

temperature

c)

nutrients in the soil

d)

forest fires

e)

water

28.

Which of these is a density-independent factor?

a)

Food shortages

b)

Increased predation

c)

Destruction of habitats

d)

Competition for water and other resources

29.

Where would the zone of intolerance be on this graph of the tolerance level of an organism?

a)

The far left

b)

The middle

c)

The far right

d)

Both the far left and the far right

30.

The law of the minimum states that the factor in the ________ supply is the one that limits population growth.

a)

lowest

b)

highest

31.

Which one of these is an example of the breeding frequency of an organism?

a)

elk mate once a year

b)

sea turtles lay many eggs at once

c)

cranes lay 2 eggs per year

d)

elephants can’t breed until they reach an age of 15 years

32.

Which of these following statements is the definition for the birth potential of an organism?

a)

The maximum number of offspring per year

b)

The maximum number of offspring per birth per month

c)

The maximum number of offspring per birth

d)

The maximum number of offspring per week

33.

You want to bake a cake. You have 4 eggs, huge bags of flour, sugar, lots of baking powder, a big container of vanilla, and 3 sticks of butter. Each cake requires 2 eggs so you can only make 2 cakes, making eggs a limiting factor for your cake making. This cake situation is an analogy for:

a)

The law of tolerance

b)

The law of the minimum

c)

Nutrients

d)

Biotic potential (because birds lay eggs?)

34.

Which type of lake would have the MOST nutrients?

a)

oligotrophic

b)

eutrophic

c)

supertrophic

d)

a big one

35.

Which of the following is NOT a type of water pollution?

a)

thermal (heat)

b)

disease-causing organisms

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

organic solid waste (aka sewage)

e)

fertilizer

36.

Which of the following is not a type of deforestation?

a)

slash-and-burn

b)

clear-cutting

c)

selective cutting

d)

cutting one tree down in your yard

37.

Which type of deforestation has the most significant negative impact on forest regrowth?

a)

slash-and-burn

b)

clear-cutting

c)

selective cutting

d)

all are equally bad

38.

Which type of deforestation involves cutting all trees in an area to use for timber or pulp?

a)

slash-and-burn

b)

clear-cutting

c)

selective cutting

d)

Amazon

39.

Choose the BEST answer. The burning of the Amazon rainforest is a serious problem because this rainforest has a high level of:

a)

biodiversity so this impacts many different species

b)

trees that produce oxygen

c)

rain and contributes greatly to the water cycle

d)

people who care about it because it's super amazing

40.

Trees play an important role in the water cycle. Trees absorb water from the soil and release it from their leaves through the process of _____

a)

transpiration

b)

perspiration

c)

excretion

d)

photosynthesis

41.

Which types of cells do cellular respiration?

a)

plant cells

b)

animal cells

c)

both plant and animal cells

d)

only chemosynthetic bacteria

42.

Trees act as giant sponges for water. This is important because (choose all that are correct)

a)

It prevents soil erosion

b)

It controls water runoff

c)

It releases nutrients into the soil

d)

Water is a polar molecule and is super awesome according to Ms. Matthews

43.

The area of land that drains toward a lake or other body of water is called:

a)

a lake

b)

a watershed

c)

runoff

d)

topsoil

44.

Which of the following are used as indicators of water quality? Choose all that are correct.

a)

checking the levels of disease-causing bacteria

b)

measuring dissolved oxygen

c)

looking to see if the water looks clean or dirty

d)

drinking some to check for a weird taste

e)

examining the type of organisms (ex. type of fish)

45.

What do all organisms want in life? Check all that are correct

a)

to eat

b)

to survive

c)

to reproduce

d)

to contemplate the meaning of life

e)

to do well in bio 20

46.

The scientific name of an organism consists of the (a)   and species.

47.

The use of fossils is valuable in explaining natural selection because they

a)

show all of the steps of how organisms changed over time

b)

provide DNA for ecologists to examine and extrapolate

c)

illustrate common ancestry through enzymes and biological components

d)

illustrate the connections between groups of organisms with shared characteristics

48.

Eubacteria and archaebacteria are the most primitive organisms in the six-kingdom system.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

The branch of biology that deals with the classification of organisms is known as:

a)

taxidermy

b)

taxonomy

c)

dichotomous key

d)

classificology

50.

Most mutations are:

a)

harmful or neutral

b)

beneficial

51.

Hemoglobin is a protein in blood that transports oxygen. It has a similar structure in humans, penguins and salmon. This is an example of a ......... feature.

a)

homologous

b)

analagous

c)

vestigial

d)

not needed

52.

The Galapagos Islands that Darwin visited have lots of unique species. This is probably the result of:

a)

lack of competition

b)

geographic isolation

c)

being near the ocean

d)

both isolation and lack of competition

53.

Organisms that reproduce sexually have more variation than organisms that reproduce asexually. Why is this?

a)

mutations are random

b)

variation is impossible in asexually-reproducing organisms

c)

sexual reproduction is faster than asexual reproduction

d)

sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents

54.

A barrier that prevents the mixing of genes from two populations can cause those populations to ..... genetically.

a)

diverge

b)

converge

c)

mutate

d)

behave

55.

In which kingdom would you find a mushroom?

(a)  

56.

In which kingdom would you find simple eukaryotic organisms like amoeba and slime mould?

a)

eubacteria

b)

protista

c)

archaebacteria

d)

fungi

57.

A prokaryotic cell lacks a:

(a)  

58.

Humans and insects both have joints in their legs, but they develop quite differently and do not share a close common ancestor. This type of evolution is called ....

a)

convergent evolution

b)

divergent evolution

c)

speciation

d)

leg evolution

59.

Dogs are bred by humans to look very different, such as size from very tiny to very large. The process of breeding dogs is called:

a)

artificial selection

b)

natural selection

c)

speciation

d)

evolution

60.

Which of the following could not be classified into one of the six kingdoms?

a)

COVID-19 virus (not technically alive!)

b)

a methanogenic bacterium in your intestines (eating our wastes can't be normal?)

c)

a platypus (what even are they?)

d)

humans (we're above all that classification stuff!)

61.

Heritable mutations (passed on from parent to offspring) are important in evolution because they result in:

a)

variability

b)

bad DNA

c)

randomness

d)

extra chromosomes

62.

Evolution is a scientific theory which means it's:

a)

basically just a random idea

b)

well-tested and proven to be true by many different scientists

c)

something Darwin came up with but isn't true

d)

as random as the mutations in our DNA

63.
Evidence for evolution includes:
a)
Fossil record
b)
Homologous body structures
c)
Vestigial structures
d)
All of these
64.

Genetic variation can result from:

a)

Mutation

b)

Sexual reproduction

c)

Both of these

d)

Neither of these

65.

The formation of a new species is called .....

a)

mutations

b)

Natural selection

c)

genetics

d)

Speciation

66.
What is binomial nomenclature?
a)
Charles Darwin's book.
b)
A two word naming system including genus and species.
c)
A two word naming system including kingdom and species.
d)
All of these.
67.
Which is a correct way to write the binomial nomenclature (genus and species) for our human species?
a)

homo sapiens

b)

Homo sapiens

c)

Homo Sapiens

d)

HOMO SAPIENS

68.
Which radioactive element is most likely used to date once living things?
a)
Uranium
b)
Nitrogen-14
c)
Carbon-14
69.

Carbon dating is used to determine how old fossils are. What is the half life of Carbon-14? (you don't have to memorize this, just use logic!)

a)

15 seconds

b)

5 730 years

c)

4.5 billion years

d)

25 days

70.
Evolution typically happens...
a)
in a few weeks
b)
over millions of years
c)
never
d)
in 100 years
71.

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

a)

the best adapted to their environment

b)

the fastest

c)

the strongest

d)

the smartest

72.

The trees these moths used to live on were white, but the trees have been covered in soot from coal factories. Assuming colouration is genetic, which trait do you think will become more common over time due to the fact that it confers a survival advantage?

a)

Dark moth

b)

Light moth

c)

Both will be equally common

d)

Neither will be common

73.

In recent years "Superbugs" (bacteria that aren't killed by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?

a)

The superbugs bacteria that can survive the antibiotics will pass on the genes for resisting antibiotics to the next generation

b)

Antibiotics kill bacteria and also cause them to have more mutations because they damage their DNA

c)

We have always had the same amount of superbug bacteria but now we can find them more easily

d)

Superbug bacteria are able to modify their DNA in response to changes in their environment

74.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
75.

Body parts that function like each other, but are totally different in structure and do not show that the organisms evolved from a close common ancestor (ex. wings of a butterfly and wings of a bird)

a)

naturally selected structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

analogous structures

d)

vestigial structures

76.

In biology, the fitness of an organism is related to:

a)

reproductive success

b)

being buff

c)

having strong muscles

d)

being different than others

e)

running fast

77.

Chemosynthetic bacteria in deep sea vents and methanogens that live in human intestines are both examples of "extremophiles" that fit into which kingdom in a 6-kingdom system of classification?

a)

archaebacteria

b)

eubacteria

c)

protista

d)

bizzaro

78.

A scientist studies the following sequences of DNA from related organisms. Which are likely most closely related? Check the two species.

a)

Species 1: AATCGTTAGCAA

b)

Species 2: AATGCTTACCTT

c)

Species 3: AAACGTTAGCAA

d)

Species 4: TTTCGAATGCTT

79.

Evolution involves changes in the ..... of populations of living things over many successive generations.

a)

genetically inherited characteristics

b)

mutations present in the DNA

c)

acquired characteristics

d)

behaviour and physical appearance

80.

How are you feeling about this unit so far?

a)

Like Darwin's finches that were super well-evolved for their environments - AMAZING!

b)

Like a tree that is getting shaded out a bit by its neighbour - enough sun to make it but not ideal! Time to review a bit.

c)

Like a sea turtle that laid 100 eggs but only 2 hatchlings survived in the sea. Could be much better. Time to study!

d)

Like Lamarck ... I'm smart but I'm just not quite getting it for this specific topic. Time to study lots!!

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