Free Printable BS 212 MIDTERM EXAM

1.

1. Alteration of allele frequencies by chance events

a)

A. Crossing-over

b)

B. Gene flow

c)

C. Genetic drift

d)

D. Trade-offs

2.

2. Blue-footed boobies mating only after a courtship

a)

A. Anagenesis

b)

B. Cladogenesis

c)

C. Female recognition

d)

D. Male recognition

3.

3. Increasing fitness of choosy sex through straight material advantages

a)

A. Direct

b)

B. Indirect

c)

C. Non-relative

d)

D. Relative

4.

4. Multiple males, one female and males usually providing parental care

a)

A. Monogamy

b)

B. Polyamory

c)

C. Polyandry

d)

D. Polygyny

5.

5. One male, one female and biparental care

a)

A. Monogamy

b)

B. Polyamory

c)

C. Polyandry

d)

D. Polygyny

6.

6. Genetic adaptation of organisms to the environment

a)

A. Evolution

b)

B. Mutation

c)

C. Speciation

d)

D. Species

7.

7. Where individuals that have certain traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates

a)

A. Directional

b)

B. Kin

c)

C. Natural

d)

D. Stabilizing

8.

8. When Individuals that display a more extreme form of a trait have a greater fitness

a)

A. Directional

b)

B. Kin

c)

C. Natural

d)

D. Stabilizing

9.

9. Groups of potentially interbreeding natural populations

a)

A. Evolution

b)

B. Mutation

c)

C. Speciation

d)

D. Species

10.

10. Existence of biological factors that impede two species from producing fertile offspring

a)

A. Disruptive selection

b)

B. Non-disruptive selection

c)

C. Reproductive Isolation

d)

D. Spatial isolation

11.

11. Compromises between two desirable but incompatible activities

a)

A. Crossing-over

b)

B. Gene flow

c)

C. Genetic drift

d)

D. Trade-offs

12.

12. Evolution of traits increasing the survival and reproductive success

a)

A. Directional

b)

B. Kin

c)

C. Natural

d)

D. Stabilizing

13.

13. Increasing genetic fitness for offspring and parent’s inclusive fitness

a)

A. Direct

b)

B. Indirect

c)

C. Non-relative

d)

D. Relative

14.

14. One male, multiple females and females usually providing parental care

a)

A. Monogamy

b)

B. Polyamory

c)

C. Polyandry

d)

D. Polygyny

15.

15. One of the main factors which affect group size

a)

A. Dissolved oxygen

b)

B. Food

c)

C. Salinity

d)

D. Temperature

16.

16. Individuals with the average form of a trait having the highest fitness

a)

A. Directional

b)

B. Kin

c)

C. Natural

d)

D. Stabilizing

17.

17. Statistical analysis comparing successful reproduction rate

a)

A. Differential reproductive success

b)

B. Non-differential reproductive success

c)

C. Reduced hybrid fertility

d)

D. Reduced hybrid viability

18.

18. Individuals with either extreme variations of a trait having greater fitness

a)

A. Disruptive selection

b)

B. Non-disruptive selection

c)

C. Reproductive isolation

d)

D. Spatial isolation

19.

19. Process through which species diverge from each other

a)

A. Evolution

b)

B. Mutation

c)

C. Speciation

d)

D. Species

20.

20. Barriers blocking development after fertilization

a)

A. Polyploidy

b)

B. Postzygotic

c)

C. Prezygotic

d)

D. Promiscuity

21.

21. When two species meets rarely because they occupy different environment

a)

A. Behavioral

b)

B. Gametic

c)

C. Habitat

d)

D. Temporal

22.

22. Courtship rituals and other behaviors unique to a species

a)

A. Behavioral

b)

B. Gametic

c)

C. Habitat

d)

D. Temporal

23.

23. When sperm of one species cannot fertilize the egg of another species

a)

A. Behavioral

b)

B. Gametic

c)

C. Habitat

d)

D. Temporal

24.

24. When genes of unlike parent species may interact that impair the hybrid’s development

a)

A. Differential reproductive success

b)

B. Non-differential reproductive success

c)

C. Reduced hybrid fertility

d)

D. Reduced hybrid viability

25.

25. When first generations are fertile but when they mate offspring are sterile

a)

A. Hybrid breakdown

b)

B. Hybrid speciation

c)

C. Hybrid zone

d)

D. Reconnection

26.

26. Region in which members of different species mate and produce hybrids

a)

A. Hybrid breakdown

b)

B. Hybrid speciation

c)

C. Hybrid zone

d)

D. Reconnection

27.

27. Organisms that crawl in sediments

a)

A. Benthos

b)

B. Nekton

c)

C. Phytoplankton

d)

D. Zooplankton

28.

28. Pattern of pairing between males and females

a)

A. Cooperative breeding

b)

B. Mating system

c)

C. Optimal foraging

d)

D. Vigilance

29.

29. Long-term prevailing meteorological conditions in an area

a)

A. Atmospheric pressure

b)

B. Climate

c)

C. Typhoon

d)

D. Weather

30.

30. Non-living chemical and physical attributes of the environment

a)

A. Abiotic

b)

B. Biotic

c)

C. Macroclimate

d)

D. Microclimate

31.

31. Convergence of two species over time

a)

A. Hybrid breakdown

b)

B. Hybrid speciation

c)

C. Hybrid zone

d)

D. Reconnection

32.

32. Species that breed during different times of the day

a)

A. Behavioral

b)

B. Gametic

c)

C. Habitat

d)

D. Temporal

33.

33. When mating is attempted but morphological differences prevent successful breeding

a)

A. Biological

b)

B. Chemical

c)

C. Mechanical

d)

D. Physical

34.

34. Prevents the hybrid zygote from developing into fertile adult

a)

A. Polyploidy

b)

B. Postzygotic

c)

C. Prezygotic

d)

D. Promiscuity

35.

35. Occurs when hybrids are vigorous but maybe sterile

a)

A. Differential reproductive success

b)

B. Non-differential reproductive success

c)

C. Reduced hybrid fertility

d)

D. Reduced hybrid viability

36.

36. Speciation in different places

a)

A. Allopatric

b)

B. Parapatric

c)

C. Peripatric

d)

D. Sympatric

37.

37. Speciation in the same place

a)

A. Allopatric

b)

B. Parapatric

c)

C. Peripatric

d)

D. Sympatric

38.

38. When helpers assist parents in raising offspring

a)

A. Cooperative breeding

b)

B. Mating system

c)

C. Optimal foraging

d)

D. Vigilance

39.

39. Difference between costs and benefits

a)

A. Direct

b)

B. Indirect

c)

C. Non-relative

d)

D. Relative

40.

40. When both male and female mate several times with different individuals

a)

A. Polyploidy

b)

B. Postzygotic

c)

C. Prezygotic

d)

D. Promiscuity

41.

41. Factors making up the living component of the environment

a)

A. Abiotic

b)

B. Biotic

c)

C. Macroclimate

d)

D. Microclimate

42.

42. Consist of patterns on the global landscape level

a)

A. Abiotic

b)

B. Biotic

c)

C. Macroclimate

d)

D. Microclimate

43.

43. Blow east to west in the tropics

a)

A. Disturbance

b)

B. Divergence

c)

C. Trade winds

d)

D. Westerlies

44.

44. Major life zones characterized by vegetation

a)

A. Biome

b)

B. Climograph

c)

C. Ecotone

d)

D. Steppe

45.

45. Often named for major climatic factors and for vegetation

a)

A. Aquatic

b)

B. Grassland

c)

C. Forest

d)

D. Terrestrial

46.

46. Event that changes a community by removing organisms and altering resource availability

a)

A. Disturbance

b)

B. Divergence

c)

C. Trade winds

d)

D. Westerlies

47.

47. Human activity resulting to reduced biodiversity in desserts

a)

A. Grazing

b)

B. Illegal logging

c)

C. Pollution

d)

D. Urbanization

48.

48. Example of a temperate grassland

a)

A. Africa

b)

B. Antarctica

c)

C. Northern america

d)

D. Southern america

49.

49. Prevents establishment of woody shrubs and trees

a)

A. Grazing

b)

B. Illegal logging

c)

C. Pollution

d)

D. Urbanization

50.

50. Covers 20% of Earth’s land surface

a)

A. Chaparral

b)

B. Estuary

c)

C. Tundra

d)

D. Wetlands

51.

51. Largest marine biome

a)

A. Lake

b)

B. Ocean

c)

C. River

d)

D. Stream

52.

52. Habitat that is inundated by water

a)

A. Chaparral

b)

B. Estuary

c)

C. Tundra

d)

D. Wetlands

53.

53. Occur along the coasts of large lakes and sea

a)

A. Basin

b)

B. Fringe

c)

C. Nutrient sink

d)

D. Riverine

54.

54. Blows west to east in temperate zones

a)

A. Disturbance

b)

B. Divergence

c)

C. Trade winds

d)

D. Westerlies

55.

55. Area of integration between biomes

a)

A. Biome

b)

B. Climograph

c)

C. Ecotone

d)

D. Steppe

56.

56. Plots the temperate and precipitation in a region

a)

A. Biome

b)

B. Climograph

c)

C. Ecotone

d)

D. Steppe

57.

57. Characterized by relatively constant rainfall about 200-400 cm annually

a)

A. Coniferous forest

b)

B. Taiga

c)

C. Temperate grasslands

d)

D. Tropical forest

58.

58. Maximum dessert temperature

a)

A. 0°C

b)

B. 25°C

c)

C. 50°C

d)

D. 75°C

59.

59. Dominated by shrubs and small tress

a)

A. Chaparral

b)

B. Estuary

c)

C. Tundra

d)

D. Wetlands

60.

60. Inhabited by burrowing mammals

a)

A. Coniferous forest

b)

B. Taiga

c)

C. Temperate grasslands

d)

D. Tropical forest

61.

61. Largest terrestrial biome on Earth

a)

A. Coniferous forest

b)

B. Taiga

c)

C. Temperate grassland

d)

D. Tropical forest

62.

62. Salt concentration of marine biomes

a)

A. 3%

b)

B. 5%

c)

C. 8%

d)

D. 11%

63.

63. Transition area between river and sea

a)

A. Chaparral

b)

B. Estuary

c)

C. Tundra

d)

D. Wetlands

64.

64. Human activity which destroys up to 90% of wetlands

a)

A. Draining

b)

B. Dredging

c)

C. Filling

d)

D. Mining

65.

65. Major producers in estuaries

a)

A. Benthos

b)

B. Nekton

c)

C. Phytoplankton

d)

D. Zooplankton

66.

66. Tend to be nutrient-poor and generally oxygen-rich

a)

A. Euphotic

b)

B. Eutrophic

c)

C. Oceanic

d)

D. Oligotrophic

67.

67. The shallow, well-lit waters close to shore

a)

A. Abyssal

b)

B. Intertidal

c)

C. Limnetic

d)

D. Littoral

68.

68. Inhabited by phytoplankton including cyanobacteria

a)

A. Abyssal

b)

B. Intertidal

c)

C. Limnetic

d)

D. Littoral

69.

69. Periodically submerged and exposed by tides

a)

A. Abyssal

b)

B. Intertidal

c)

C. Limnetic

d)

D. Littoral

70.

70. Location of primary production in the ocean

a)

A. Abyssopelagic

b)

B. Bathypelagic

c)

C. Epipelagic

d)

D. Mesopelagic

71.

71. Continuous production of fir hybrids

a)

A. Fission

b)

B. Fusion

c)

C. Reinforcement

d)

D. Stability

72.

72 Reproductive barriers weaken until two species become one

a)

A. Fission

b)

B. Fusion

c)

C. Reinforcement

d)

D. Stability

73.

73. Study of the relationship of an organism to one or more environmental conditions

a)

A. Animal ecology

b)

B. Autecology

c)

C. Plant ecology

d)

D. Synecology

74.

74. Action of living organisms such as bacteria to break down dead organisms

a)

A. Biodegradation

b)

B. Decomposition

c)

C. Denitrification

d)

D. Fixation

75.

75. Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas

a)

A. Biodegradation

b)

B. Decomposition

c)

C. Denitrification

d)

D. Fixation

76.

76. Vast realm of open blue water

a)

A. Abysso pelagic

b)

B. Bentho pelagic

c)

C. Marine benthic

d)

D. Oceanic pelagic

77.

77. Most abundant heterotroph in the ocean

a)

A. Benthos

b)

B. Nekton

c)

C. Phytoplankton

d)

D. Zooplankton

78.

78. Consist of the seafloor below the surface water of the coast

a)

A. Abysso pelagic

b)

B. Bentho pelagic

c)

C. Marine benthic

d)

D. Oceanic pelagic

79.

79. Frozen layer under the soil surface

a)

A. Alpine

b)

B. Artic

c)

C. Permafrost

d)

D. Tundra

80.

80. Method of searching for food which maximizes the relative benefit

a)

A. Cooperative breeding

b)

B. Mating system

c)

C. Optimal foraging

d)

D. Vigilance

81.

81. Spatially clustered group of individuals

a)

A. Aggregation

b)

B. Demepopulation

c)

C. Metapopulation

d)

D. Subpopulation

82.

82. Spatially disjunct populations with immigration

a)

A. Aggregation

b)

B. Demepopulation

c)

C. Metapopulation

d)

D. Subpopulation

83.

83. Study of groups of organisms or the community

a)

A. Animal ecology

b)

B. Autecology

c)

C. Plant ecology

d)

D. Synecology

84.

84. Energy flow between species within an ecosystem

a)

A. Carrying capacity

b)

B. Food chain

c)

C. Food web

d)

D. Trophic pyramid

85.

85. Diagram showing the relative amounts of ATP within each trophic level

a)

A. Carrying capacity

b)

B. Energy pyramid

c)

C. Food chain

d)

D. Food web

86.

86. Interaction wherein organisms work together

a)

A. Aggregation

b)

B. Competition

c)

C. Cooperation

d)

D. Predation

87.

87. Ability to get new food source decreasing the likelihood that organism will mate

a)

A. Genetic change

b)

B. Geographic barriers

c)

C. Mate choice

d)

D. Resource shifts

88.

88. Mutations that prevent proper meiosis

a)

A. Genetic change

b)

B. Geographic barriers

c)

C. Mate choice

d)

D. Resource shifts

89.

89. Role species play in the environment

a)

A. Generalist

b)

B. Niche

c)

C. Specialist

d)

D. Symbiosis

90.

90. Simplest level of organization

a)

A. Community

b)

B. Ecosystem

c)

C. Organism

d)

D. Population

91.

91. Broadest levels of the ecological organization

a)

A. Atmosphere

b)

B. Biosphere

c)

C. Hydrosphere

d)

D. Stratosphere

92.

92. Species with broad niches, can tolerate range of conditions

a)

A. Generalist

b)

B. Niche

c)

C. Specialist

d)

D. Symbiosis

93.

93. Species with narrow niches

a)

A. Generalist

b)

B. Niche

c)

C. Specialist

d)

D. Symbiosis

94.

94. Uses energy in bonds of inorganic chemical compounds to produce glucose

a)

A. Chemoautotroph

b)

B. Decomposers

c)

C. Heterotroph

d)

D. Photoautotroph

95.

95. Causes decay by breaking down organic compounds

a)

A. Chemoautotroph

b)

B. Decomposers

c)

C. Heterotroph

d)

D. Photoautotroph

96.

96. Close relationship between two or more different species

a)

A. Generalist

b)

B. Niche

c)

C. Specialist

d)

D. Symbiosis

97.

97. Ultimate source of energy for all organisms in life

a)

A. Nitrogen

b)

B. Oxygen

c)

C. Sun

d)

D. Water

98.

98. If females diverge in their preferences for male characteristics

a)

A. Genetic change

b)

B. Geographic barriers

c)

C. Mate choice

d)

D. Resource shifts

99.

99. Uses energy from environment to make its own food

a)

A. Autotroph

b)

B. Commensalism

c)

C. Heterotroph

d)

D. Mutualism

100.

100. Living organisms of a particular area

a)

A. Community

b)

B. Ecosystem

c)

C. Organism

d)

D. Population

BS 212 MIDTERM EXAM

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 34mins

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