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Unit 2 Plate Tectonics & Rock Cycling

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Weathering is defined as________

a)

The transport of sediments

b)

The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces called sediment

c)

The deposit of sediment

d)

None of these

2.
What are the two types of weathering?
a)
Mechanical and Physical
b)
Mechanical and Chemical
c)
Chemical and Abrasion
d)
There's more than two types
3.
Salt water weathering rocks by dissolving pieces of it over time is an example of ....
a)
Chemical Weathering
b)
Mechanical Weathering
4.
Wind abrasion (wind blowing sand against something) is an example of _______ weathering.
a)
Chemical
b)
Mechanical
5.

Erosion is defined as ________

a)

The transport of sediment

b)

The break down of rocks into sediment

c)

The depositing of sediment

d)

None of these

6.

solid materials such as rock fragments, plant and animal remains, or minerals that are carried by water or by air and that settle on the bottom of a body of water or on the ground

a)

fossil

b)

ore

c)

mineral

d)

sediment

7.

rock formed as pieces of older rocks and other loose materials get pressed or cemented together or as dissolved minerals reform and build up in layers.

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

rock cycle

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

igneous rock

8.

rock formed as heat or pressure causes existing rock to change in structure, texture, or mineral composition

a)

igneous rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

sediment

d)

sedimentary rock

9.

rock that forms as molten rock cools and becomes solid

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

ore

d)

igneous rock

10.

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface.

a)

magma

b)

lava

c)

core

d)

igneous rock

11.

molten rock that reaches a planet’s surface through a volcano

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

lava

c)

inner core

d)

magma

12.

Using the image, what is the process shown by #4?

a)

Weathering and Erosion

b)

Heat and Pressure

c)

Cooling

d)

Compacting and Cementing

13.

Using the image, what rock type would be found at #2?

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

14.

Using the image, what is the process shown by #5?

a)

Heat and Pressure

b)

Melting

c)

Weathering and Erosion

d)

Compacting and Cementing

15.

In the picture, what is the process shown by #7?

a)

Weathering and Erosion

b)

Heat and Pressure

c)

Melting

d)

Cooling

e)

Compacting and Cementing

16.

In the picture, what rock type would be found in #1?

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Igneous

17.

In the picture, what is the process shown by #6?

a)

Melting

b)

Heat and Pressure

c)

Cooling

d)

Weathering and Erosion

18.

Using the picture, what is the process shown by #8?

a)

Melting

b)

Cooling

c)

Compacting and Cementing

d)

Heat and Pressure

e)

Weathering and Erosion

19.

In the picture, what rock type would be found at #3?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Igneous

20.
Fossils are found in what type of rock?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Metamorphic
d)
None of these
21.
The best index fossils have which two traits?
a)
widespread geographically, long lifespan
b)
widespread geographically, short lifespan
c)
specific place, long lifespan
d)
specific place, short lifespan
22.

What is the best index fossil?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

23.

What is the best reason that fossil #4 is NOT a good index fossil?

a)

It is not widespread

b)

it is not short-lived (in numerous layers)

c)

It is in half of the outcrops

24.

Of these, which would make the best index fossil?

a)

trilobite

b)

bird

c)

dinosaur

d)

fish

e)

plant

25.
What can we say about all of the fossil 2s?
a)
they are all about the same age
b)
they are all found in the same place
26.
Does the picture represent relative or absolute dating?
a)
relative
b)
absolute
27.
Absolute age is determined by...
a)
the other rocks around it
b)
the law of superposition
c)
radiometric dating
28.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
29.
Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
C
30.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
31.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
32.
What does each layer of rock represent?
a)
a period of time
b)
a different type of stone
c)
an intrusion
d)
a fault
33.
Which layer is the oldest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
34.

Which layer is youngest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

35.

Letter E represents?

a)

an intrusion

b)

a volcanoe

c)

a fault line

d)

a pipe line

36.

Choose the correct statement concerning A and D

a)

A had to be formed in order for D to intrude

b)

D and A formed at the same time

c)

A was formed on top of D

d)

D formed before A

37.

What occurred most recently?

a)

Layer A formed

b)

D intruded through layer A

c)

All rock layers shifted due to fault line

d)

Left side of Layer A eroded

38.

What is the order of these layers (OLDEST to YOUNGEST)

a)

BADFEC

b)

BACDEF

c)

FDBACE

d)

FBADEC

39.
Two mountain ranges located in North America are
a)
the Himalayan and the Ural Mountains
b)
the Sierra Nevada and the Atlas Mountains
c)
the Rocky and the Appalachian Mountains
d)
the Alps and the Caucasus Mountains
40.

Which of the following is true about the Appalachian Mountains? Choose all that apply.

a)

Old, eroded mountains

b)

They are higher than the Rocky Mountains

c)

They are the oldest mountain chain in North America

d)

They are lower than the Rocky Mountains in elevation.

e)

They contain the highest point in North America.

41.

Which of the following is true about the Rocky Mountains? Choose all that apply.

a)

Old, eroded mountains

b)

They are younger than the Appalachian Mountains

c)

They are taller than the Appalachian Mountains

d)

They are lower than the Appalachian Mountains in elevation.

e)

They are continuing to grow higher in elevation.

42.
What is this a picture of?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
pangea
d)
glacier scaring
43.
What was Pangea?
a)
An ancient Mountain Range that divided Africa
b)
A large valley where civilization began.
c)
A supercontinent where all Earth's land masses were joined.
d)
A large meteor that hit Earth and destroyed all of the dinosaurs
44.

Why did Pangaea initially break up?

a)

An asteroid impact followed by climate change

b)

Convection currents in the mantle

c)

The magnetic field

d)

Pressure in the inner core

45.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
46.

Which evidence did Wegener make use of to develop the theory of continental drift?

a)

There is no evidence of glaciers anywhere in South America.

b)

Similar fossils were found on different continents.

c)

The climate of Siberia has always been the same.

d)

The Rocky Mountains are taller than the Appalachian Mountains.

47.
Peer scientists reviewing Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift rejected his notion because
a)
His evidence was too few to make a valid conclusion 
b)
He did not explain how continents move and what moves them
c)
His evidence was not clear in showing  how continents were joined
d)
He lied by including false evidence
48.
The rejection of Mr. Wegener's hypothesis  teaches us that
a)
Indirect evidence is not sufficient to prove a hypothesis
b)
Direct evidence is hard to find 
c)
Hypotheses are hard to prove
d)
Scientists of the early 1900s were not smart enough
49.

The theory of continental drift was widely unaccepted until scientists started using ________ to map the ocean floor.

a)

Maps

b)

Submarines

c)

SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging)

d)

Volcanoes

50.

Which of the following is true concerning plates?

a)

Plates are composed of continents only

b)

Plates stopped moving 4.5 billion years ago

c)

Plates can be composed of continent and ocean floor

d)

All plates are moving and separating away from each other

51.

Lystrosaurus was a slow-moving, plant-eating reptile that lived over 250 million years ago. Fossils of Lystrosaurus have been found in the brown areas shown below. How is this explained by the existence of Pangaea?

a)

Lystrosaurus swam across the oceans from one continent to another.

b)

Lystrosaurus drifted on rafts of vegetation from one continent to another.

c)

and bridges once crossed oceans to connect Africa, Antarctica, and India.

d)

Africa, Antarctica, and India used to be joined together into a single landmass.

52.

Broken pieces of the ____________ are now known as tectonic plates.

a)

crust

b)

lithosphere

c)

asthenosphere

d)

core

53.

What is the name of the layer that contains the uppermost mantle and crust

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Asthnosphere

d)

Mesosphere

54.
The mechanism that moves continents is based on heat energy moving by
a)
Radiation in the core
b)
Conduction in the lithosphere
c)
Convection in the Asthenosphere
d)
None of these options is true
55.

Convection occurs because:

a)

Molten rock comes close to the Earth’s core it heats up, becomes less dense and rises, and rock near the Earth’s crust cools down, becomes more dense, and sinks causing the cycle of convection

b)

Small earthquakes occur within the Earth’s crust causing rocks to shake and change temperature

c)

Oceanic crust is being destroyed at deep ocean trenches

d)

Convection does not occur within the Earth

56.

Seafloor spreading...

a)

creates new oceanic crust

b)

destroys or recycles crust

c)

creates new continental crust

d)

creates old crust

57.

Rock at the mid ocean ridges...

a)

is the oldest rock on the earth.

b)

is older than continental rock.

c)

is younger than continental rock.

58.

The OLDEST seafloor is located

a)

closest to the mid-ocean ridge.

b)

farthest from the mid-ocean ridge.

c)

east of Hawaii

d)

west of California

59.
Where would the oldest rock be found?
a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
60.
How does fossil evidence support Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift?
a)
Similar fossils are found along continental margins that appear to join together.
b)
Fossils are found in areas where the present-day climate could not have supported the organisms that made the fossils.
c)
Similar fossils of giant, land-dwelling dinosaurs are found on continents separated by oceans.
d)
all of the above

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