WorksheetsMed/Surg nursing chapter 36 urinary
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 46mins
The nurse is catheterizing a patient after voiding to determine the amount of residual urine in the bladder. What should the nurse consider as being the normal amount of urine within the bladder after urination?
50 ml
75 ml
100 ml
150 ml
The nurse determines that a patients urine output is normal. How many mL of urine did the patient void within the last 24 hours?
150 to 400 mL
250 to 500 mL
750 to 1000 mL
1000 to 2000 mL
1. WOTF are of the other functions of the kidneys? Select all that apply.
a. Regulation of blood pressure, volume, and composition.
b. Absorption of cerebral spinal fluid
c. Regulation of electrolyte balance
d. Regulation of acid-base balance
e. Production of erythropoietin and activation of vitamin D
Regulation of blood pressure, volume and composition.
Regulation of cerebral spinal fluid.
Regulation of electrolyte balance.
Regulation of acid-base balance
Production of erythropoietin and activation of vitamin D.
1. WOTF is NOT of the three distinct frontal section areas of the kidney?
Medullat
Cortex
Pons
Pelvis
Blood enters the kidney from the renal _____ and exits through the renal ____.
(a)
Forms the outer region of the kidney.
(a)
In the kidney, the (a) forms the inner region.
Extensions from the renal cortex, called (a) divide the interior region of the kidney into cone-shaped sections.
The cone-shaped sections of the kidney are called (a) .
1. The renal papilla extends into a cup called a ________. Two to three minor calyces join together to form a ________.
(a)
1. The major calyces converge to form the ___ which receives urine from the major calyces. The renal pelvis continues as the ___, a tube-like structure that channels urine to the urinary bladder.
(a)
The functional unit of a kidney.
(a)
WOTF are of the two major parts of a nephron.
Renal corpuscle with glomerulus
Major calyx with renal pelvis
Renal medulla with renal columns
renal tubule with peritubular capillaries
WOTF are the three major processes of urine formation? Select all that apply.
tubular filtration
tubular reabsorption
tubular secretion
glomerular filtration
Blood pressure forces water and small solutes out of the glomeruli and into Bowman capsules. This fluid is then called renal filtrate.
(a)
The recovery of useful materials from the renal filtrate and their return to the blood in the peritubular capillaries.
(a)
Substances are actively secreted from the blood in the peritubular capillaries into the filtrate in the renal tubules.
(a)
The liver is the organ most responsible for maintaining the normal pH range of blood and tissue fluid.
true
False
In (a) the kidneys secrete more hydrogen ions into the renal filtrate and return more bicarbonate ions back into the blood
In the cortex, a series of _______ ________ arise from the smaller arteries. Each afferent arteriole supplies blood to one nephron.
(a)
Each afferent arteriole branches into a cluster of capillaries called a (a) .
Blood leaves the glomerulus through an _______ _________.
(a)
The efferent arteriole leads to a network of capillaries around the renal tubules called the _________ ___________.
(a)
The amount of fluid filtered by both kidneys is called the _________ _________ ____.
(a)
Promotes reabsorption of sodium ions from the filtrate to the blood and excretion of potassium ions into the filtrate
(a)
Promotes reabsorption of water from the filtrate to the blood.
(a)
Decreases reabsorption of sodium ions, which remain in the filtrate. More sodium and water are eliminated in urine
(a)
Promotes reabsorption of calcium ions from filtrate to blood and excretion of phosphate ions into filtrate
(a)
Normal urinary output is ___ to ___ mL per 24 hours.
(a)
1. Measure of dissolved materials in urine. ______ ______ Normal range of specific gravity is _____ -_____.
(a)
The pH range of urine is between
(a)
WOTF are what nitrogenous wastes made of. Select all that apply.
urea
CSF
Creatinine
Uric acid
When one ages, by about 70 or 80 years old, the number of nephrons decreases by about half.
True
False
Changes that typically occur in the renal system as people age include which of the following? Select all that apply.
Decrease in red blood cells
Decreased filtration efficiency in the kidney
Decreased renal function
Decreased urine output
Kidney disease is local, and only affects the area and organs near the kidney.
True
False
Weight is the best indicator of fluid balance. Patients with renal disease often have fluid accumulation and/or imbalances. When weighing the patient to asses fluid retention, you should do which of the following?
Weight the patient at the same time each day.
Weigh the patient with the same amount and type of clothing on as previous weigh in.
Use the same scale for each weigh in
All of these are correct
A patient with kidney disease is often encouraged to drink as much fluid as possible, to help balance out their system.
True
False
WOTF is a form of intake?
Oral
Intravenous (IV)
Irrigation
Tube feedings
Other fluids
WOTF is forms of output?
Urine
Emesis
Nasogastric effluent
Wound drainage
A commonly performed diagnostic test for the urinary system, kidney disease, and systemic diseases that may affect the kidneys
(a)
Normal results of protein are less than __mg/dL; 24 hour urine: __ - ___ mg
(a)
WOTF is true about urine specimens. Select all that apply.
First morning specimens are best, because concentration of urine is more likely to show abnormalities.
Urine specimens should be tested within 1 hour or refrigerated.
Urine left out at room temperature longer than 2 hours has more bacteria present, and changes in pH and hemolysis of red blood cells.
All of these are true about urine specimens
A random urine specimen collected for (a) should not be a first-morning specimen due to changes in epithelial cells in urine held overnight.
1. Extracellular electrolyte related to hydration status. Decreased with fluid retention and nephrotic syndrome. Increased with azotemia and dehydration. Remains within normal range until late stages of renal disease. Normal value: 135 to 145 mEq/l. Monitor for seizures with values below 120 or above 160 mEq/l
(a)
Intracellular electrolyte excreted by kidneys. Normal value: 3.5-5.3 mEq/L. In renal disease potassium is one of the first electrolytes to become abnormal. Level greater than 6 mEq/L can lead to muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.
(a)
Patients with bleeding tendencies, uncontrolled hypertension, or a solitary kidney generally do not undergo renal biopsy.
True
False
XRAY examination of renal tissue, calyces, pelvises, ureters, and bladder (with or without contrast media).
(a)
Involuntary loss of less than 50 ml of urine associated with increasing abdominal pressure during coughing, laughing, sneezing, or other physical activities
(a)
Involuntary loss of urine associated with an abrupt and strong desire to void. The patient usually reports being unable to make it to the bathroom on time.
(a)
The inability to get to the toilet because of environmental barriers, physical limitations, loss of memory, or disorientation. People with this are often dependent on others and have no other urinary problems.
(a)
Involuntary loss of urine associated with over-distention of the bladder. It occurs with acute or chronic urinary distention with dribbling of urine.
(a)
Continuous and unpredictable loss of urine. It usually results from neurologic impairment, surgery, trauma, or a malformation of the ureter. Bladder training has been proven ineffective
(a)
The inability to empty the bladder completely during attempts to void.
(a)
