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WorksheetsScience Autostage Quiz Race
Total questions: 180
Worksheet time: 751hrs 45mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
1. Which of the following is NOT considered high-frequency electromagnetic radiation?
a)
a. gamma ray
b)
b. visible
c)
c. infrared
d)
d. x-ray
e)
e. ultraviolet
2.
2. A(n) ________________ is the motion of a disturbance between two points.
a)
a. ripple
b)
b. wavelength
c)
c. oscillation
d)
d. displacement
e)
e. wave
3.
3. The ________________ is the distance between two successive peaks of a wave.
a)
a. frequency
b)
b. amplitude
c)
c. wave speed
d)
d. wavelength
e)
e. period
4.
4. The ________________ proposed the Sun, the Moon, and planets move in epicycles and deferents around the earth
a)
a. heliocentric model
b)
b. geocentric model
c)
c. Copernican revolution
d)
d. laws of planetary motion
e)
e. Ptolemaic model
5.
5. According to the Ptolemy model, the planets moved in larger circular pathways around the Earth called
a)
a. orbits
b)
b. deferents
c)
c. ellipses
d)
d. epicycles
e)
e. retrogrades
6.
6. Our knowledge of ancient astronomy is extremely limited because no ________________ are known to exist from that era
a)
a. scientific evidence
b)
b. tribal knowledge
c)
c. physical structures
d)
d. practical applications
e)
e. written record
7.
7. Plato believed that everything in nature could be reduced to ideal geometric forms known as
a)
a. Platonic solids
b)
b. ellipses
c)
c. polygons
d)
d. epicycles
e)
e. spherical solids
8.
8. The ________________ place(s) Sun as the center of the Universe.
a)
a. laws of planetary motion
b)
b. heliocentric model
c)
c. law of gravity
d)
d. geocentric model
e)
e. Ptolemaic model
9.
9. ________________ is the apparent reversal in the direction of planetary trajectories as viewed from Earth.
a)
a. Eccentricity
b)
b. Planetary motion
c)
c. Retrograde motion
d)
d. Inverse-square law
e)
e. Relativity
10.
10. ________________ is/are waves made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
a)
a. Electrons
b)
b. Vibration
c)
c. Electromagnetic radiation
d)
d. Particles
e)
e. Pulses
11.
1. The launch of Sputnik I is widely considered the starting event of the ________________ between the Soviet Union and the US
a)
a. Space Race
b)
b. Cold War
c)
c. World War II
d)
d. exploration initiative
e)
e. joint cosmic research
12.
2. A ________________ uses a combination of lenses or mirrors to collect light from a distant object and concentrate it for analysis
a)
a. radiograph
b)
b. spectroscope
c)
c. telescope
d)
d. satellite
e)
e. microscope
13.
3. The benefits of ________________ telescopes are that they can be operated in cloudy weather or during the day time.
a)
a. refracting
b)
b. radio
c)
c. spectral
d)
d. reflecting
e)
e. infrared
14.
4. Ultraviolet observations have been made of all of the following EXCEPT
a)
a. black holes
b)
b. stellar atmospheres
c)
c. the Sun
d)
d. interstellar clouds
e)
e. hot gas galactic halo
15.
5. ________________ is the bending of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another.
a)
a. reflection
b)
b. radiation
c)
c. false color
d)
d. optics
e)
e. refraction
16.
6. A ________________ telescope is a form of reflecting telescope that uses a smaller secondary mirror to reflect light back through a hole cut in the primary mirror, thereby allowing for a more compact form.
a)
a. gamma ray
b)
b. Cassegrain
c)
c. x-ray
d)
d. Hubble
e)
e. radio
17.
7. The United States launched its first satellite, ________________, on January 31, 1958.
a)
a. Mariner
b)
b. Pathfinder
c)
c. Apollo
d)
d. Sputnik I
e)
e. Explorer I
18.
8. Explorer I revealed the existence of what is now known as ________________, comprised of charged particles trapped in earth's magnetic field.
a)
a. cosmic radiation
b)
b. proton belts
c)
c. space debris
d)
d. Van Allen Belts
e)
e. Aurora Borealis
19.
9. Refracting and reflecting are the two main categories of ________________ telescopes.
a)
a. radio
b)
b. infrared
c)
c. ultraviolet
d)
d. x-ray
e)
e. optical
20.
10. ________________ telescopes must be located on very high mountaintops to avoid interference from water vapor and carbon monoxide in the air
a)
a. radio
b)
b. ultraviolet
c)
c. infrared
d)
d. optical
e)
e. x-ray
21.
1. What is the standard unit of measurement for a stellar parallax?
a)
a. degrees
b)
b. light years
c)
c. parsecs
d)
d. astronomical units
e)
e. arc seconds
22.
2. ________________ is the measurement of the positions, parallaxes, and motion of stars.
a)
a. astrometry
b)
b. spectroscopy
c)
c. astrology
d)
d. spectral classes
e)
e. astral geometry
23.
3. The characteristic set of emission lines emitted by a collection of excited atoms is called what?
a)
a. energy levels
b)
b. emission spectrum
c)
c. atomic structure
d)
d. quantum energy levels
e)
e. electron orbitals
24.
4. Bohr proposed that electrons could only occupy orbits of certain radii called ________________.
a)
a. emission lines
b)
b. excited states
c)
c. energy levels
d)
d. electron clouds
e)
e. atomic halo
25.
5. The first manned mission to space was piloted by ________________.
a)
a. Soviet ground control
b)
b. Yuri Gagarin
c)
c. Vostok
d)
d. Russian Air Force
e)
e. an automation program
26.
6. Emission spectra can be viewed with a measurement device called a ________________.
a)
a. telescope
b)
b. Doppler radar
c)
c. spectroscope
d)
d. atomic microscope
e)
e. particle detector
27.
7. Solar atomic spectroscopy revealed ________________ to be a new element almost three decades before it was first found on earth
a)
a. hydrogen
b)
b. oxygen
c)
c. nitrogen
d)
d. ozone
e)
e. helium
28.
8. Astronomers define a star’s ________________ as the apparent magnitude the star would have if it were observed from a standard distance of 10 parsecs
a)
a. brightness scale
b)
b. absolute brightness
c)
c. apparent brightness
d)
d. absolute magnitude
e)
e. apparent magnitude
29.
9. ________________ is a measure of how bright a star appears to an observer on Earth.
a)
a. brightness scale
b)
b. absolute brightness
c)
c. apparent brightness
d)
d. absolute magnitude
e)
e. apparent magnitude
30.
10. The band of stars spanning the H-R diagram is known as the ________________, which includes roughly 90% of all stars
a)
a. red dwarf
b)
b. main sequence
c)
c. giant
d)
d. white dwarf
e)
e. supergiant
31.
1. In 1961 after a speech to a joint session of Congress, President John F. Kennedy requested billions in new government spending over the next decade why?
a)
a. landing a man on the moon
b)
b. launching the first spacecraft into orbit
c)
c. the first man to orbit earth
d)
d. launching the first space satellite
e)
e. build the international space station
32.
2. The ________________ is the visible surface of the Sun, named from the Greek photos for “light”.
a)
a. limb
b)
b. photosphere
c)
c. chromosphere
d)
d. corona
e)
e. core
33.
3. The ________________, from the Greek chroma for “color”, is a thin, transparent layer that is normally only visible from earth during a total eclipse of the Sun
a)
a. limb
b)
b. chromosphere
c)
c. corona
d)
d. photosphere
e)
e. core
34.
4. The ________________, from the Latin for “crown”, is the outermost atmosphere of the Sun made up of rarified hot gasses extended millions of kilometers outward into space
a)
a. photosphere
b)
b. limb
c)
c. chromosphere
d)
d. core
e)
e. corona
35.
5. During the United States’ Project Mercury, John Glenn’s spacecraft, Friendship 7, became the first
a)
a. manned spaceflight mission
b)
b. manned orbital mission
c)
c. successful launch and landing of a chimpanzee
d)
d. successful ground landing mission
e)
e. twenty-two orbit flight
36.
6. The ________________ is the “power plant” of the Sun, where nuclear fusion reactions generate the Sun’s energy
a)
a. radiation zone
b)
b. energy zone
c)
c. corona
d)
d. core
e)
e. chromosphere
37.
7. Because of its high temperature, the corona emits high-frequency radiation int the form of
a)
a. ultraviolet light
b)
b. radio energy
c)
c. gamma radiation
d)
d. solar flares
e)
e. x-rays
38.
8. A ________________ is a sudden, explosive outburst of radiation from all parts of the spectrum and highvelocity particles of the sun
a)
a. coronal mass ejection
b)
b. sunspot
c)
c. solar flare
d)
d. solar prominence
e)
e. solar blast
39.
9. ________________ is the most energetic of all solar eruptions, blasting plasma out from the corona.
a)
a. solar flare
b)
b. sunspot
c)
c. coronal mass ejection
d)
d. solar prominence
e)
e. solar blast
40.
10. Solar prominences are fiery arches of ionized gases that move upward through the corona under the influence of the sun's
a)
a. radiation zone
b)
b. core
c)
c. convection zone
d)
d. magnetic field
e)
e. active regions
41.
1. Which of the following is/are large, violent explosions that take place at the end of a star’s life cycle?
a)
a. nuclear fusion
b)
b. stellar evolution
c)
c. carbon fusion
d)
d. supernova
e)
e. mass ejection
42.
2. According to stellar evolution theory, any star whose main-sequence mass is greater than about twenty-five times that of the Sun will eventually become a
a)
a. supernova
b)
b. pulsar
c)
c. black hole
d)
d. white dwarf
e)
e. neutron star
43.
3. The ________________ mission involved the first spacewalk by an American astronaut, Edward White.
a)
a. Gemini 8
b)
b. Gemini 3
c)
c. Gemini 4
d)
d. Gemini 5
e)
e. Gemini 12
44.
4. The ________________ mission accomplished the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit.
a)
a. Gemini 8
b)
b. Gemini 3
c)
c. Gemini 4
d)
d. Gemini 5
e)
e. Gemini 12
45.
5. A ________________ is created when a very massive star explodes and collapses inward into an extremely dense star composd almost entirely of neutrons
a)
a. supernova
b)
b. proton star
c)
c. pulsar
d)
d. neutron star
e)
e. black hole
46.
6. A main sequence star gets its energy from a sequence of ________________ in which hydrogen at the center of the star is converted into helium
a)
a. coronal mass ejections
b)
b. nuclear fusion reactions
c)
c. solar flares
d)
d. violent explosions
e)
e. supernova explosions
47.
7. What is the point at the center of a black hole where mass density and gravitational field strength are infinite?
a)
a. singularity
b)
b. event horizon
c)
c. foci
d)
d. plasma core
e)
e. focal point
48.
8. The energy from the nuclear fusion reactions eventually reaches the star’s surface, where it is released in the form of….
a)
a. plasma
b)
b. solar flares
c)
c. solar wind
d)
d. mass ejections
e)
e. electromagnetic radiation
49.
9. The Schwarzschild radius is the critical radius at which a spherically symmetric body becomes a
a)
a. neutron star
b)
b. black hole
c)
c. white dwarf
d)
d. pulsar
e)
e. protostar
50.
10. A star will form which of the following if it is sufficiently massive that the inward force of gravity overcomes the resistance of neutrons to become a tightly packed together….
a)
a. black hole
b)
b. protostar
c)
c. neutron star
d)
d. pulsar
e)
e. white dwarf
51.
1. According to the International Astronomical Union, celestial bodies that orbit the Sun and have sufficient mass to be nearly round but does not clear the region around its own orbit are called…
a)
a. dwarf planets
b)
b. asteroids
c)
c. minor planets
d)
d. Kuiper Belt objects
e)
e. moons
52.
2. According to the ________________ model, the solar system formed out of a rotating interstellar cloud abput 4.6 billion years ago?
a)
a. heliocentric
b)
b. solar nebular
c)
c. Copernican
d)
d. International Astronomical
e)
e. Big Bang
53.
3. The Apollo program was the third American spaceflight program with the specific goal of achieving the first…
a)
a. satellite in orbit
b)
b. spaceship docking in space
c)
c. manned Earth orbit
d)
d. manned mission to orbit the Moon
e)
e. man on the Moon
54.
4. Which of the following was NOT an achievement of the Apollo program?
a)
a. the first man to orbit the Earth
b)
b. first Moon landing
c)
c. first manned mission to orbit the moon and return
d)
d. demonstrated the life support system used on the Moon
e)
e. orbited the Moon thirty-one times
55.
5. The ________________ is the thin, outermost, solid layer of a planet.
a)
a. event horizon
b)
b. crust
c)
c. mantle
d)
d. tectonic plates
e)
e. maria
56.
6. The ozone layer is located within the ________________ layer of the Earth’s atmosphere.
a)
a. troposphere
b)
b. mesosphere
c)
c. thermosphere
d)
d. stratosphere
e)
e. magnetosphere
57.
7. The ________________ is where atmospheric oxygen, ozone, and nitrogen absorb incoming ultraviolet radiation from the sun?
a)
a. singularity
b)
b. magnetosphere
c)
c. greenhouse effect
d)
d. thermosphere
e)
e. ozone layer
58.
8. ________________ are caused by the fact that the Moon’s gravitational attraction is slightly greater on the side of the earth that faces the moon
a)
a. libations
b)
b. highlands
c)
c. tides
d)
d. craters
e)
e. maria
59.
9. Some prominent lunar craters are surrounded by spoke-like bright streaks called rays, which are actually _____________ caused by material ejected from the impact of meteroids
a)
a. lava beds
b)
b. lunar highlands
c)
c. splash patterns
d)
d. underground oceans
e)
e. volcanoes
60.
10. Because the Moon has a ________________ with the Earth, the same side of the moon always faces the Earth
a)
a. tidal bulge
b)
b. gravitational attraction
c)
c. inferior orbit
d)
d. synchronous orbit
e)
e. superior orbit
61.
1. Which of the following did NOT happen as part of the Apollo 11 mission?
a)
a. orbit around the moon
b)
b. transferred from the Apollo to the Eagle in orbit
c)
c. launched a satellite into lunar orbit
d)
d. landed the lunar module in the Sea of Tranquility
e)
e. collected samples of lunar soil
62.
2. Which of the following is the smallest planet in the solar system?
a)
a. Earth
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Venus
d)
d. Mercury
e)
e. Uranus
63.
3. ________________ was the first planet beyond Earth to be visited by a spacecraft, and the first planet to be landed on?
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
64.
4. ________________ has huge shield volcanoes, including Olympus Mons, which is the largest volcano in the solar system?
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
65.
5. More American, Russian, and European probes have explored ________________ than any other planet.
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
66.
6. Jupiter’s famous Great Red Spot is a colossal ________________, about 1.3 times the diameter of the earth
a)
a. atmospheric storm
b)
b. moon
c)
c. shield volcano
d)
d. scarp
e)
e. impact crater
67.
7. ________________ has the lowest average density than any planet in the Solar System, even lower than that of water
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Uranus
c)
c. Jupiter
d)
d. Mars
e)
e. Saturn
68.
8. ________________ was the first planet identified by means of a telescope.
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Jupiter
d)
d. Saturn
e)
e. Uranus
69.
9. Countless bits and pieces of rock and dust, called ________________, populate the inner Solar System
a)
a. meteoroids
b)
b. meteorites
c)
c. meteors
d)
d. comets
e)
e. asteroids
70.
10. Which of the following was the first was the first Kuiper Belt Object to be discovered?
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Pluto
d)
d. Saturn
e)
e. Uranus
71.
1. A ________________ is an enormously large collection of stars, gas, dust, and black holes held together by gravitational attraction
a)
a. solar system
b)
b. star cluster
c)
c. galaxy
d)
d. galactic bulge
e)
e. galactic halo
72.
2. What common characteristic of the stars in star clusters make them ideal for astronomers to study and test models of formation and evolution?
a)
a. age
b)
b. size
c)
c. composition
d)
d. luminosity
e)
e. mass
73.
3. The matter between the stars that serves as the raw material for new stars and planets is known as
a)
a. star clusters
b)
b. dark matter
c)
c. interstellar dust
d)
d. radiation
e)
e. interstellar medium
74.
4. Most of the matter in the universe is ________________, inferred from its gravitational effects but is otherwise undetectable?
a)
a. star clusters
b)
b. interstellar dust
c)
c. interstellar medium
d)
d. molecular hydrogen
e)
e. dark matter
75.
5. The spiral structure of our Galaxy can be mapped by detecting radio waves with a wavelength equal to _________________ centimeters.
a)
a. 21
b)
b. 20
c)
c. 19
d)
d. 18
e)
e. 15
76.
6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Population I stars?
a)
a. hottest
b)
b. most luminous
c)
c. high in heavy elements
d)
d. scarp
e)
e. relatively young stars
77.
7. Stellar coronas and very hot interstellar gas can be observed at ________________ wavelengths.
a)
a. radio
b)
b. ultraviolet
c)
c. gamma ray
d)
d. microwave
e)
e. infrared
78.
8. Skylab conducted about 270 experiments and studied ALL of the following EXCEPT ________________?
a)
a. solar astronomy
b)
b. biology
c)
c. materials science
d)
d. quantum physics
e)
e. human physiology
79.
9. Open star clusters are strongly concentrated in the ________________ of the galaxy.
a)
a. center
b)
b. galactic disk
c)
c. galactic bulge
d)
d. spiral arms
e)
e. galactic halo
80.
10. The ________________ contains most of the galaxy’s stars and interstellar matter.
a)
a. galactic center
b)
b. spiral arms
c)
c. galactic disk
d)
d. galactic halo
e)
e. galactic bulge
81.
1. An object of known brightness that serves as a reference for astronomical distance is called a
a)
a. Population I star
b)
b. Population II star
c)
c. galaxy cluster
d)
d. quasar
e)
e. standard candle
82.
2. ________________ was the first two-nation cooperative space mission.
a)
a. The space station Mir
b)
b. The Space Race
c)
c. The International Space Station
d)
d. Skylab
e)
e. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
83.
3. A ________________ is a concentration of mass that bends the path of light emitted by distant objects.
a)
a. emission nebula
b)
b. gravitational lens
c)
c. interstellar dust
d)
d. galactic disc
e)
e. galactic nucleus
84.
4. The Local Group only contains three ________________ galaxies.
a)
a. lenticular
b)
b. elliptical
c)
c. barred-spiral
d)
d. spiral
e)
e. irregular
85.
5. A galaxy is which stars are forming at a rate hundreds of times greater than in our Galaxy is called a ______________ galaxy.
a)
a. active
b)
b. Seyfert
c)
c. starburst
d)
d. radio
e)
e. dwarf
86.
6. A ________________ galaxy emits exceptionally large amounts of energy in the form of radiation.
a)
a. active
b)
b. radio
c)
c. starburst
d)
d. Seyfert
e)
e. energetic
87.
7. According to the Hubble classification scheme, the Milky Way is a ________________ galaxy.
a)
a. ecliptic
b)
b. spiral
c)
c. barred-spiral
d)
d. lenticular
e)
e. irregular
88.
8. ________________ is an unknown source of gravitational repulsion that has been proposed to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe?
a)
a. dark energy
b)
b. anti-matter
c)
c. anti-gravity
d)
d. cosmological redshift
e)
e. expansion energy
89.
9. The ________________ universe model says that the universe will continue to expand indefinitely.
a)
a. expanding
b)
b. oscillating
c)
c. open
d)
d. closed
e)
e. flat
90.
10. What is the fundamental value in cosmology, equal to the rate at which the galaxies are receding, or the rate at which the universe is expanding?
a)
a. speed of light
b)
b. expansion constant
c)
c. Big Bang ratio
d)
d. Hubble constant
e)
e. cosmological constant
91.
1. Which of the following is NOT considered high-frequency electromagnetic radiation?
a)
a. gamma ray
b)
b. visible
c)
c. infrared
d)
d. x-ray
e)
e. ultraviolet
92.
2. A(n) ________________ is the motion of a disturbance between two points.
a)
a. ripple
b)
b. wavelength
c)
c. oscillation
d)
d. displacement
e)
e. wave
93.
3. The ________________ is the distance between two successive peaks of a wave.
a)
a. frequency
b)
b. amplitude
c)
c. wave speed
d)
d. wavelength
e)
e. period
94.
4. The ________________ proposed the Sun, the Moon, and planets move in epicycles and deferents around the earth
a)
a. heliocentric model
b)
b. geocentric model
c)
c. Copernican revolution
d)
d. laws of planetary motion
e)
e. Ptolemaic model
95.
5. According to the Ptolemy model, the planets moved in larger circular pathways around the Earth called
a)
a. orbits
b)
b. deferents
c)
c. ellipses
d)
d. epicycles
e)
e. retrogrades
96.
6. Our knowledge of ancient astronomy is extremely limited because no ________________ are known to exist from that era
a)
a. scientific evidence
b)
b. tribal knowledge
c)
c. physical structures
d)
d. practical applications
e)
e. written record
97.
7. Plato believed that everything in nature could be reduced to ideal geometric forms known as
a)
a. Platonic solids
b)
b. ellipses
c)
c. polygons
d)
d. epicycles
e)
e. spherical solids
98.
8. The ________________ place(s) Sun as the center of the Universe.
a)
a. laws of planetary motion
b)
b. heliocentric model
c)
c. law of gravity
d)
d. geocentric model
e)
e. Ptolemaic model
99.
9. ________________ is the apparent reversal in the direction of planetary trajectories as viewed from Earth.
a)
a. Eccentricity
b)
b. Planetary motion
c)
c. Retrograde motion
d)
d. Inverse-square law
e)
e. Relativity
100.
10. ________________ is/are waves made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
a)
a. Electrons
b)
b. Vibration
c)
c. Electromagnetic radiation
d)
d. Particles
e)
e. Pulses
101.
1. The launch of Sputnik I is widely considered the starting event of the ________________ between the Soviet Union and the US
a)
a. Space Race
b)
b. Cold War
c)
c. World War II
d)
d. exploration initiative
e)
e. joint cosmic research
102.
2. A ________________ uses a combination of lenses or mirrors to collect light from a distant object and concentrate it for analysis
a)
a. radiograph
b)
b. spectroscope
c)
c. telescope
d)
d. satellite
e)
e. microscope
103.
3. The benefits of ________________ telescopes are that they can be operated in cloudy weather or during the day time.
a)
a. refracting
b)
b. radio
c)
c. spectral
d)
d. reflecting
e)
e. infrared
104.
4. Ultraviolet observations have been made of all of the following EXCEPT
a)
a. black holes
b)
b. stellar atmospheres
c)
c. the Sun
d)
d. interstellar clouds
e)
e. hot gas galactic halo
105.
5. ________________ is the bending of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another.
a)
a. reflection
b)
b. radiation
c)
c. false color
d)
d. optics
e)
e. refraction
106.
6. A ________________ telescope is a form of reflecting telescope that uses a smaller secondary mirror to reflect light back through a hole cut in the primary mirror, thereby allowing for a more compact form.
a)
a. gamma ray
b)
b. Cassegrain
c)
c. x-ray
d)
d. Hubble
e)
e. radio
107.
7. The United States launched its first satellite, ________________, on January 31, 1958.
a)
a. Mariner
b)
b. Pathfinder
c)
c. Apollo
d)
d. Sputnik I
e)
e. Explorer I
108.
8. Explorer I revealed the existence of what is now known as ________________, comprised of charged particles trapped in earth's magnetic field.
a)
a. cosmic radiation
b)
b. proton belts
c)
c. space debris
d)
d. Van Allen Belts
e)
e. Aurora Borealis
109.
9. Refracting and reflecting are the two main categories of ________________ telescopes.
a)
a. radio
b)
b. infrared
c)
c. ultraviolet
d)
d. x-ray
e)
e. optical
110.
10. ________________ telescopes must be located on very high mountaintops to avoid interference from water vapor and carbon monoxide in the air
a)
a. radio
b)
b. ultraviolet
c)
c. infrared
d)
d. optical
e)
e. x-ray
111.
1. What is the standard unit of measurement for a stellar parallax?
a)
a. degrees
b)
b. light years
c)
c. parsecs
d)
d. astronomical units
e)
e. arc seconds
112.
2. ________________ is the measurement of the positions, parallaxes, and motion of stars.
a)
a. astrometry
b)
b. spectroscopy
c)
c. astrology
d)
d. spectral classes
e)
e. astral geometry
113.
3. The characteristic set of emission lines emitted by a collection of excited atoms is called what?
a)
a. energy levels
b)
b. emission spectrum
c)
c. atomic structure
d)
d. quantum energy levels
e)
e. electron orbitals
114.
4. Bohr proposed that electrons could only occupy orbits of certain radii called ________________.
a)
a. emission lines
b)
b. excited states
c)
c. energy levels
d)
d. electron clouds
e)
e. atomic halo
115.
5. The first manned mission to space was piloted by ________________.
a)
a. Soviet ground control
b)
b. Yuri Gagarin
c)
c. Vostok
d)
d. Russian Air Force
e)
e. an automation program
116.
6. Emission spectra can be viewed with a measurement device called a ________________.
a)
a. telescope
b)
b. Doppler radar
c)
c. spectroscope
d)
d. atomic microscope
e)
e. particle detector
117.
7. Solar atomic spectroscopy revealed ________________ to be a new element almost three decades before it was first found on earth
a)
a. hydrogen
b)
b. oxygen
c)
c. nitrogen
d)
d. ozone
e)
e. helium
118.
8. Astronomers define a star’s ________________ as the apparent magnitude the star would have if it were observed from a standard distance of 10 parsecs
a)
a. brightness scale
b)
b. absolute brightness
c)
c. apparent brightness
d)
d. absolute magnitude
e)
e. apparent magnitude
119.
9. ________________ is a measure of how bright a star appears to an observer on Earth.
a)
a. brightness scale
b)
b. absolute brightness
c)
c. apparent brightness
d)
d. absolute magnitude
e)
e. apparent magnitude
120.
10. The band of stars spanning the H-R diagram is known as the ________________, which includes roughly 90% of all stars
a)
a. red dwarf
b)
b. main sequence
c)
c. giant
d)
d. white dwarf
e)
e. supergiant
121.
1. In 1961 after a speech to a joint session of Congress, President John F. Kennedy requested billions in new government spending over the next decade why?
a)
a. landing a man on the moon
b)
b. launching the first spacecraft into orbit
c)
c. the first man to orbit earth
d)
d. launching the first space satellite
e)
e. build the international space station
122.
2. The ________________ is the visible surface of the Sun, named from the Greek photos for “light”.
a)
a. limb
b)
b. photosphere
c)
c. chromosphere
d)
d. corona
e)
e. core
123.
3. The ________________, from the Greek chroma for “color”, is a thin, transparent layer that is normally only visible from earth during a total eclipse of the Sun
a)
a. limb
b)
b. chromosphere
c)
c. corona
d)
d. photosphere
e)
e. core
124.
4. The ________________, from the Latin for “crown”, is the outermost atmosphere of the Sun made up of rarified hot gasses extended millions of kilometers outward into space
a)
a. photosphere
b)
b. limb
c)
c. chromosphere
d)
d. core
e)
e. corona
125.
5. During the United States’ Project Mercury, John Glenn’s spacecraft, Friendship 7, became the first
a)
a. manned spaceflight mission
b)
b. manned orbital mission
c)
c. successful launch and landing of a chimpanzee
d)
d. successful ground landing mission
e)
e. twenty-two orbit flight
126.
6. The ________________ is the “power plant” of the Sun, where nuclear fusion reactions generate the Sun’s energy
a)
a. radiation zone
b)
b. energy zone
c)
c. corona
d)
d. core
e)
e. chromosphere
127.
7. Because of its high temperature, the corona emits high-frequency radiation int the form of
a)
a. ultraviolet light
b)
b. radio energy
c)
c. gamma radiation
d)
d. solar flares
e)
e. x-rays
128.
8. A ________________ is a sudden, explosive outburst of radiation from all parts of the spectrum and highvelocity particles of the sun
a)
a. coronal mass ejection
b)
b. sunspot
c)
c. solar flare
d)
d. solar prominence
e)
e. solar blast
129.
9. ________________ is the most energetic of all solar eruptions, blasting plasma out from the corona.
a)
a. solar flare
b)
b. sunspot
c)
c. coronal mass ejection
d)
d. solar prominence
e)
e. solar blast
130.
10. Solar prominences are fiery arches of ionized gases that move upward through the corona under the influence of the sun's
a)
a. radiation zone
b)
b. core
c)
c. convection zone
d)
d. magnetic field
e)
e. active regions
131.
1. Which of the following is/are large, violent explosions that take place at the end of a star’s life cycle?
a)
a. nuclear fusion
b)
b. stellar evolution
c)
c. carbon fusion
d)
d. supernova
e)
e. mass ejection
132.
2. According to stellar evolution theory, any star whose main-sequence mass is greater than about twenty-five times that of the Sun will eventually become a
a)
a. supernova
b)
b. pulsar
c)
c. black hole
d)
d. white dwarf
e)
e. neutron star
133.
3. The ________________ mission involved the first spacewalk by an American astronaut, Edward White.
a)
a. Gemini 8
b)
b. Gemini 3
c)
c. Gemini 4
d)
d. Gemini 5
e)
e. Gemini 12
134.
4. The ________________ mission accomplished the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit.
a)
a. Gemini 8
b)
b. Gemini 3
c)
c. Gemini 4
d)
d. Gemini 5
e)
e. Gemini 12
135.
5. A ________________ is created when a very massive star explodes and collapses inward into an extremely dense star composd almost entirely of neutrons
a)
a. supernova
b)
b. proton star
c)
c. pulsar
d)
d. neutron star
e)
e. black hole
136.
6. A main sequence star gets its energy from a sequence of ________________ in which hydrogen at the center of the star is converted into helium
a)
a. coronal mass ejections
b)
b. nuclear fusion reactions
c)
c. solar flares
d)
d. violent explosions
e)
e. supernova explosions
137.
7. What is the point at the center of a black hole where mass density and gravitational field strength are infinite?
a)
a. singularity
b)
b. event horizon
c)
c. foci
d)
d. plasma core
e)
e. focal point
138.
8. The energy from the nuclear fusion reactions eventually reaches the star’s surface, where it is released in the form of….
a)
a. plasma
b)
b. solar flares
c)
c. solar wind
d)
d. mass ejections
e)
e. electromagnetic radiation
139.
9. The Schwarzschild radius is the critical radius at which a spherically symmetric body becomes a
a)
a. neutron star
b)
b. black hole
c)
c. white dwarf
d)
d. pulsar
e)
e. protostar
140.
10. A star will form which of the following if it is sufficiently massive that the inward force of gravity overcomes the resistance of neutrons to become a tightly packed together….
a)
a. black hole
b)
b. protostar
c)
c. neutron star
d)
d. pulsar
e)
e. white dwarf
141.
1. According to the International Astronomical Union, celestial bodies that orbit the Sun and have sufficient mass to be nearly round but does not clear the region around its own orbit are called…
a)
a. dwarf planets
b)
b. asteroids
c)
c. minor planets
d)
d. Kuiper Belt objects
e)
e. moons
142.
2. According to the ________________ model, the solar system formed out of a rotating interstellar cloud abput 4.6 billion years ago?
a)
a. heliocentric
b)
b. solar nebular
c)
c. Copernican
d)
d. International Astronomical
e)
e. Big Bang
143.
3. The Apollo program was the third American spaceflight program with the specific goal of achieving the first…
a)
a. satellite in orbit
b)
b. spaceship docking in space
c)
c. manned Earth orbit
d)
d. manned mission to orbit the Moon
e)
e. man on the Moon
144.
4. Which of the following was NOT an achievement of the Apollo program?
a)
a. the first man to orbit the Earth
b)
b. first Moon landing
c)
c. first manned mission to orbit the moon and return
d)
d. demonstrated the life support system used on the Moon
e)
e. orbited the Moon thirty-one times
145.
5. The ________________ is the thin, outermost, solid layer of a planet.
a)
a. event horizon
b)
b. crust
c)
c. mantle
d)
d. tectonic plates
e)
e. maria
146.
6. The ozone layer is located within the ________________ layer of the Earth’s atmosphere.
a)
a. troposphere
b)
b. mesosphere
c)
c. thermosphere
d)
d. stratosphere
e)
e. magnetosphere
147.
7. The ________________ is where atmospheric oxygen, ozone, and nitrogen absorb incoming ultraviolet radiation from the sun?
a)
a. singularity
b)
b. magnetosphere
c)
c. greenhouse effect
d)
d. thermosphere
e)
e. ozone layer
148.
8. ________________ are caused by the fact that the Moon’s gravitational attraction is slightly greater on the side of the earth that faces the moon
a)
a. libations
b)
b. highlands
c)
c. tides
d)
d. craters
e)
e. maria
149.
9. Some prominent lunar craters are surrounded by spoke-like bright streaks called rays, which are actually _____________ caused by material ejected from the impact of meteroids
a)
a. lava beds
b)
b. lunar highlands
c)
c. splash patterns
d)
d. underground oceans
e)
e. volcanoes
150.
10. Because the Moon has a ________________ with the Earth, the same side of the moon always faces the Earth
a)
a. tidal bulge
b)
b. gravitational attraction
c)
c. inferior orbit
d)
d. synchronous orbit
e)
e. superior orbit
151.
1. Which of the following did NOT happen as part of the Apollo 11 mission?
a)
a. orbit around the moon
b)
b. transferred from the Apollo to the Eagle in orbit
c)
c. launched a satellite into lunar orbit
d)
d. landed the lunar module in the Sea of Tranquility
e)
e. collected samples of lunar soil
152.
2. Which of the following is the smallest planet in the solar system?
a)
a. Earth
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Venus
d)
d. Mercury
e)
e. Uranus
153.
3. ________________ was the first planet beyond Earth to be visited by a spacecraft, and the first planet to be landed on?
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
154.
4. ________________ has huge shield volcanoes, including Olympus Mons, which is the largest volcano in the solar system?
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
155.
5. More American, Russian, and European probes have explored ________________ than any other planet.
a)
a. Uranus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Mercury
d)
d. Venus
e)
e. Jupiter
156.
6. Jupiter’s famous Great Red Spot is a colossal ________________, about 1.3 times the diameter of the earth
a)
a. atmospheric storm
b)
b. moon
c)
c. shield volcano
d)
d. scarp
e)
e. impact crater
157.
7. ________________ has the lowest average density than any planet in the Solar System, even lower than that of water
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Uranus
c)
c. Jupiter
d)
d. Mars
e)
e. Saturn
158.
8. ________________ was the first planet identified by means of a telescope.
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Jupiter
d)
d. Saturn
e)
e. Uranus
159.
9. Countless bits and pieces of rock and dust, called ________________, populate the inner Solar System
a)
a. meteoroids
b)
b. meteorites
c)
c. meteors
d)
d. comets
e)
e. asteroids
160.
10. Which of the following was the first was the first Kuiper Belt Object to be discovered?
a)
a. Venus
b)
b. Mars
c)
c. Pluto
d)
d. Saturn
e)
e. Uranus
161.
1. A ________________ is an enormously large collection of stars, gas, dust, and black holes held together by gravitational attraction
a)
a. solar system
b)
b. star cluster
c)
c. galaxy
d)
d. galactic bulge
e)
e. galactic halo
162.
2. What common characteristic of the stars in star clusters make them ideal for astronomers to study and test models of formation and evolution?
a)
a. age
b)
b. size
c)
c. composition
d)
d. luminosity
e)
e. mass
163.
3. The matter between the stars that serves as the raw material for new stars and planets is known as
a)
a. star clusters
b)
b. dark matter
c)
c. interstellar dust
d)
d. radiation
e)
e. interstellar medium
164.
4. Most of the matter in the universe is ________________, inferred from its gravitational effects but is otherwise undetectable?
a)
a. star clusters
b)
b. interstellar dust
c)
c. interstellar medium
d)
d. molecular hydrogen
e)
e. dark matter
165.
5. The spiral structure of our Galaxy can be mapped by detecting radio waves with a wavelength equal to _________________ centimeters.
a)
a. 21
b)
b. 20
c)
c. 19
d)
d. 18
e)
e. 15
166.
6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Population I stars?
a)
a. hottest
b)
b. most luminous
c)
c. high in heavy elements
d)
d. scarp
e)
e. relatively young stars
167.
7. Stellar coronas and very hot interstellar gas can be observed at ________________ wavelengths.
a)
a. radio
b)
b. ultraviolet
c)
c. gamma ray
d)
d. microwave
e)
e. infrared
168.
8. Skylab conducted about 270 experiments and studied ALL of the following EXCEPT ________________?
a)
a. solar astronomy
b)
b. biology
c)
c. materials science
d)
d. quantum physics
e)
e. human physiology
169.
9. Open star clusters are strongly concentrated in the ________________ of the galaxy.
a)
a. center
b)
b. galactic disk
c)
c. galactic bulge
d)
d. spiral arms
e)
e. galactic halo
170.
10. The ________________ contains most of the galaxy’s stars and interstellar matter.
a)
a. galactic center
b)
b. spiral arms
c)
c. galactic disk
d)
d. galactic halo
e)
e. galactic bulge
171.
1. An object of known brightness that serves as a reference for astronomical distance is called a
a)
a. Population I star
b)
b. Population II star
c)
c. galaxy cluster
d)
d. quasar
e)
e. standard candle
172.
2. ________________ was the first two-nation cooperative space mission.
a)
a. The space station Mir
b)
b. The Space Race
c)
c. The International Space Station
d)
d. Skylab
e)
e. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
173.
3. A ________________ is a concentration of mass that bends the path of light emitted by distant objects.
a)
a. emission nebula
b)
b. gravitational lens
c)
c. interstellar dust
d)
d. galactic disc
e)
e. galactic nucleus
174.
4. The Local Group only contains three ________________ galaxies.
a)
a. lenticular
b)
b. elliptical
c)
c. barred-spiral
d)
d. spiral
e)
e. irregular
175.
5. A galaxy is which stars are forming at a rate hundreds of times greater than in our Galaxy is called a ______________ galaxy.
a)
a. active
b)
b. Seyfert
c)
c. starburst
d)
d. radio
e)
e. dwarf
176.
6. A ________________ galaxy emits exceptionally large amounts of energy in the form of radiation.
a)
a. active
b)
b. radio
c)
c. starburst
d)
d. Seyfert
e)
e. energetic
177.
7. According to the Hubble classification scheme, the Milky Way is a ________________ galaxy.
a)
a. ecliptic
b)
b. spiral
c)
c. barred-spiral
d)
d. lenticular
e)
e. irregular
178.
8. ________________ is an unknown source of gravitational repulsion that has been proposed to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe?
a)
a. dark energy
b)
b. anti-matter
c)
c. anti-gravity
d)
d. cosmological redshift
e)
e. expansion energy
179.
9. The ________________ universe model says that the universe will continue to expand indefinitely.
a)
a. expanding
b)
b. oscillating
c)
c. open
d)
d. closed
e)
e. flat
180.
10. What is the fundamental value in cosmology, equal to the rate at which the galaxies are receding, or the rate at which the universe is expanding?
a)
a. speed of light
b)
b. expansion constant
c)
c. Big Bang ratio
d)
d. Hubble constant
e)
e. cosmological constant
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