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WorksheetsAstronomy final
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 35mins
The majority of stars in our galaxy are
Blue stars
Red Giants
Main sequence
White Dwarfs
What is the next stage in the life cycle of our Sun?
main-sequence
planetary nebula
black dwarf
red giant
What does a star’s color indicate?
size
temperature
age
shape
What is the source of energy for the Sun?
fission of hydrogen
fusion of hydrogen
fission of helium
fusion of helium
The life cycle of a star is dependent on its
composition
size (mass)
temperature
location
What is the constant balance being maintained in the sun?
the outward pressure of gravity is balanced by the inward pressure of fusion
fusion
gravity
the outward pressure from fusion is balanced by the inward pressure from gravity
Why is a black hole considered to be “black”?
the force of gravity is so intense not even light can escape
it has stopped fusion of hydrogen
it is so small it cannot be seen
light is only reflected from the event horizon
Using the diagram to the right, determine which star is cooler and many times brighter than Earth’s Sun?
Barnard’s Star
Rigel
Betelgeuse
Sirius A
Using the diagram to the right, Rigel B, the Sun, and Barnard’s Star are all considered to be
white dwarfs
main sequence stars
red giants
red super giants
The H-R diagram shows the relationship between a star’s surface temperature and its
absolute magnitude
size
apparent magnitude
shape
Star A and Star B both have the same absolute magnitude. Star A is farther away than Star B. Which statement is true regarding the apparent magnitude?
both stars have the same apparent magnitude
Star A has a greater apparent magnitude
Star B has a greater apparent magnitude
apparent magnitude is not related to distance
What two chemical elements make up the majority of our stars, including the sun?
Hydrogen and helium
hydrogen and carbon
Helium and carbon
Lithium and hydrogen
What happens during nuclear fusion in the sun?
Oxygen nuclei combine to form helium
Helium nuclei combine to form oxygen.
Helium nuclei combine to form hydrogen.
Hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium.
What color of star correlates with the highest surface temperature?
red
blue
yellow
white
Why are sunspots darker than the surrounding photosphere?
they are warmer
the magnetic field makes them look darker
they are cooler
they are shadows on the Sun’s surface
What are solar flares?
sunspots that release energy
bright “flames” off the surface of the sun
ejections of plasma into the Sun’s atmosphere
all of these
From inside out, which is in the correct order for the structure of the Sun?
core, convective zone, radiative zone
core, photosphere, radiative zone, corona
core, radiative zone, convective zone
core, convective zone, radiative zone
Larger stars tend to have significantly more amounts of mass than smaller stars, yet smaller stars tend to have longer lifespans. Why is this true?
Smaller stars have more fuel
Larger stars have more fuel but they burn through it at a significantly higher rate
Larger stars tend to collide with other large stars and get destroyed.
Small stars combine with other small stars in order to extend their lifetimes.
A star near the lower right of the H-R diagram is likely to be
red, with high luminosity
blue, with high luminosity
red, with low luminosity.
hot, bright, and very large
In general, what can be said about type O and B stars compared to type K and M stars?
They are hotter and older.
They are hotter and younger
They are cooler and younger
They are neither hotter or colder, younger or older.
Based on the table below, which star is further from Earth?
Star Apparent magnitude (m) Absolute Magnitude (M)
A ............................3 ............................-1
B............................ 3............................. 0
C............................ 3............................. -5
D ............................3............................ 3
A
B
C
D
Based on the table below, which star would be the brightest from earth?
Star Apparent magnitude (m) Absolute Magnitude (M)
A ............................-4 ............................3
B............................ -2.............................3
C............................ 0............................. 3
D ............................3............................ 3
A
B
C
D
According to Hubble's Law
the universe is collapsing
the universe is expanding
the universe stays the same
What evidence shows that the universe is expanding?
A shift in red light
A shift in blue light
Light does not shift
Any color will show the expansion
Inner planets have less gas than outer planets because
gravity keeps it in the outer planets
Inner planets spin too fast
the gases of the inner planets was burned off by the sun
the universe is expanding
The core is made of iron, but little is found in the crust. Why?
Iron cannot be exposed to oxygen
Asteroids rained it on earth
The density of the iron moved it down
magma is only made of iron
If galaxy A is closer to earth than galaxy B, which is moving faster?
galaxy A because it is closer
galaxy B because it is farther
they both move at the same rate
What happened to the gas and debris that did not become part of the sun?
it exploded from anti-matter and matter meeting
It drifted farther off into space
It become planets
it dissolved
What is the path of the sun called?
Celestial sphere
lunar phases
Kepler's Law
Ecliptic
Which point shows winter?
A
B
C
D
During which season is the sun farthest from the Earth?
Summer
Spring
Winter
Fall
Which of the following moves southward on the ecliptic and has 12 hours of sunlight?
June Solstice
December Solstice
September equinox
March equinox
If the moon rises at 3 am, when will it set?
6 am
3 pm
9 am
noon
The earth's rotation causes
day an night
seasons
ecliptic
dizziness
The angle of a star above or below the celestial equator measured at -/+ degrees is
azimuth
altitude
declination
right ascension
Which number shows the perihelion?
1
2
3
What time of year is it at point 2?
July
January
October
April
An orbit with an eccentricity close to zero
have two close foci points
have Foci point that are distantly separated
have No foci points
are elliptical
A solar eclipse occurs when
the moon passes between the Earth and sun
Earth passes between the moon and sun
The sun passes between the earth and moon
All of these
The wavy line on the star chart shows
revolution
rotation
ecliptic
celestial equator
The x-axis shows
right ascension
declination
longitude
latitude
If the declination is +320, it is found in the
North
South
East
West
When a meteoroid passes through the Earth's atmosphere it becomes a
Meteor
Meteorite
Comet
Asteroid
Which of the following is the correct order of the solar system?
Inner planets, outer planets, sun, asteroid belts, oort cloud, Kuiper belt
sun, inner planets, asteroid belt, outer planets, Kuiper belt, Oort cloud
sun, asteroid belt, inner planets, outer planets, Kuiper belt, Oort Cloud
Kuiper belt, sun, Oort cloud, Inner planets, Outer Planets, asteroid belt
All of the following describe Jovian planets except
slow rotation
high mass
gaseous surface
large magnetosphere
Why do Jovian planets have a higher mass than terrestrial planets?
Wind blew the gases to the outer planets
The heavier elements collected outside the frost line
Gases were able to collect outside the frost line
The heavier elements melted outside the frost line
Why would Venus and Earth have less crater impacts?
geologically active
geologically dead
less volcanic activity
an active hydrosphere
Where is Pluto located?
Asteroid Belt
Kuiper Belt
Oort Cloud
Solar Nebula
Which planet is tilted on its side?
Mars
Neptune
Uranus
Saturn
Which two Jovian planets contain a liquid metallic core?
Uranus and Neptune
Neptune and Saturn
Saturn and Jupiter
Jupiter and Neptune
Which planet could float on water?
Earth
Saturn
Jupiter
Uranus
Terrestrial planets have a higher density than Jovian planets because
they have a rocky and ice core
they are made of heavier rock
they are made of hydrogen and helium
they have an iron core
How old is the universe?
4.6 billion years old
4.6 million years old
13.7 billion years old
13.7 million years old
How old is the solar system?
4.6 billion years old
4.6 million years old
13.7 billion years old
13.7 million years old
What force caused the solar nebula to collapse and create planetismals?
Inertia
Velocity
Gravity
Speed
The earliest universe would be described as
the same as our current universe
A lot of dust, debris, and black matter
antimatter and matter
a single ball of energy
What step in the formation of the solar system came after the nebula began to collapse?
Excess dust and gas was removed from the nebula exposing the solar system
The nebula rotated, flattened, and became warmer in the middle
Planetesimals began to form
Planetesimals began to grow
From one wavelength crest to another is a/an
trough
amplitude
crest
wavelength
The top of a wave is known as a/an
crest
trough
amplitude
node
Which of the following is measured in hertz?
speed
frequency
wavelength
distance
The number of waves that pass a given point in one second is
Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Trough
As a wavelength decreases the frequency ____.
decreases
increases
stays the same
Short wavelengths with a high frequency have
high energy
low energy
the same energy
Which color has the longest wavelength and lowest energy?
red
yellow
blue
violet
Which of the following detects heat?
ultraviolet radiation
infrared
gamma rays
microwaves
Which of the following can show the nuclei of atoms?
Ultraviolet radiation
gamma rays
microwaves
x-rays
Which wavelength is the longest?
infrared
radio
visible
gamma
The science of splitting light is known as
spectrum
spectroscopy
spectrogram
spectrograph
When light is released
electrons speed up
electrons slow down
electrons jump to a higher electron orbital
electrons move to ground state from a higher electron orbital level
Light as a particle is known as a/an
wave
quark
photon
electron
