It's the only thing that is different in an experiment.

Data that you measure in an experiment

What is the independent variable?

What are the dependent variables?

It is the predictions for the outcome of an experiments & the reason why

All the things that must be the same in an experiment so it's a fair setup

What results if an experiment only has one independent variable & the results actually answer the experiment's question.

What happens if the experiment is free from bias & has been performed several times, each time having the same results

When an object has three dimensions & a stable shape

The atoms are not moving a lot because they are very close to each other

The substance flows & takes the shape of the container its in

Atoms are close together but farther away than in a solid

There is a lot of space between atoms & they try to maintain as much space between them as possible

Its atoms take up the entire space that is available to them, completely filling the container it is in

They have the most energy & move the fastest out of all 4 phases

When atoms are charged positively or negatively & try to stay away from each other like atoms in a gas

Matter can't be created or destroyed, but it can change

Ex: when matter changes from a solid to a liquid

Energy can't be created or destroyed

The ability to do work or to move something

Anything that has mass & takes up space

When energy transfer from one object to another because they are literally touching each other

A type of energy transfer in which when hot fluids rise & cold fluid sinks

Energy moving through open space as electromagnetic waves

Examples are heat, light, & sound

When a substance changes, but what it's made of stays the same. Ex: water freezing

When the atoms in a substance change. Ex: rusting nail

The distance between two adjacent crests or two adjacent troughs

Gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet light, infrared, microwaves, & radio waves are examples of

The top of a wave

The bottom of a wave

How often a wave passes in a certain amount of time

When the wavelength is long, its frequency is ____________

When the wavelength is short, its frequency is ____________

The only types of radiation humans can see

Stars emit waves of energy called

When energy leaves the sun it doesn't lose any strength because most of space is empty space with no atoms. Another term for empty space is a ____________

Spread or distribute a substance over an area

when light bends as it passes from one substance to another, such as air into water

to release or send something out

when light or energy goes through an object

Energy bouncing off an object at the same angle & intensity

when one thing becomes part of another thing or soaks in

describes how energy is reflected back into the atmosphere

Light colored objects are more likely to ___________ energy & dark colored objects are more likely to ___________ energy.

Earth's crust, soil, & layers

Gases surrounding our planet

Living or dead things

Water including oceans, lakes, rivers, etc.

Includes the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, & exosphere

A measurement of how much force the atmosphere's atoms are pushing down on Earth's surface

The higher you are from Earth's surface the _____________ air pressure there is because there are ____________ air molecules

We have seasons & different climates because Earth is

78% of our atmosphere is made of

How far we are above Earth's surface

Which is not true about our atmosphere?

Tool used to measure air pressure

Tool used to measure humidity of the air

Tool used to measure wind speed

The atmosphere ___________ ~53% of the sun's radiation back into space.

Distance north or south of the equator

The farther away from the equator a city is, the colder it is. For areas farther from the equator, ______________

The farther away from the equator a city is, the colder it is. For areas closer to the equator, ______________

What causes the atmosphere & hydrosphere of Earth from drifting into space?

The day to day changes in the temperature & precipitation in an area

The average temperature & precipitation of a location for at least 30 years

A large collection of land that has similar plants & animals because of similar climates.

a person who studies Earth's weather

a person who studies Earth's climate

Which radiation has the shortest wavelength?

Which radiation has the lowest frequency?

Which radiation has the most energy?

What are these?

What's going on?

What's happening?

What's happening?

What's happening?

What's happening?

Which has a longer wavelength?

Which has a lower frequency?

Clear with a chance of rain.

Ex: Usually cold, with moderate amounts of rain.