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Biology Honors Midterm Review

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 9hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Building blocks of proteins are
a)
Simple sugars
b)
Amino acids
c)
Monosaccharides
d)
Polysaccharides
2.
A scientist was studying the effect of temperature on bacterial growth.  What is the independent variable?
a)
Length of the experiment
b)
Number of bacteria
c)
Reproduction rate
d)
Temperature
3.
Two structures present in plant cells but NOT animal cells are:
a)
Chloroplasts and centrioles
b)
Chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
Chloroplasts and cell membrane
d)
Chloroplasts and ribosomes
4.
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Cell wall
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Nucleus
5.
One of the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that - 
a)
eukaryotic cells have a more advanced cellular organization
b)
eukaryotic cells have a smaller cell nucleus
c)
prokaryotic cells do not have a plasma membrane
d)
prokaryotic cells are always much larger
6.
Which is NOT TRUE about a prokaryotic bacteria?
a)
It stores its genetic information in DNA
b)
It has ribosomes to make proteins
c)
It has a cell membrane
d)
It has a membrane-bound nucleus
7.
What organelle is used to store food?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Vacuole
d)
Nucleus
8.
The organelle that provides energy for the cell and acts like the "power house" is the
a)
Nucleus
b)
Lysosome
c)
Golgi bodies
d)
Mitochondria
9.
The cell organelle that transports material within a cell is the ____
a)
Nucleus
b)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
c)
Golgi apparatus
d)
Mitochondrion
10.
Some insects can stand on the surface of water because water _____
a)
has high specific heat
b)
is a good evaporative coolant
c)
is cohesive and adhesive
d)
has a high boiling point
11.
The main benefit of perspiring (sweating) in animals is that it _____
a)
removes dirt from the surface of the skin
b)
cools the skin with evaporation
c)
relaxes the muscles
d)
removes extra water from the cells
12.
The passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called___
a)
Osmosis
b)
Facilitated diffusion
c)
Active transport
d)
Exocytosis
13.
Sugar, starch and cellulose are examples of
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
14.
Fats, oils and waxes are examples of 
a)
Nucleic Acids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Proteins
15.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from____
a)
an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
b)
an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
c)
an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration
d)
no movement at all
16.
Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of ____
a)
Polysaccharides
b)
Lipids 
c)
Enzymes
d)
Carbohydrates
17.
When water molecules stick together because of hydrogen bonds, it is called
a)
Adhesion
b)
Cohesion
c)
Solvent
d)
Solute
18.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic environments?
a)
Anaerobic uses oxygen and aerobic does not
b)
Aerobic and anaerobic environments both use oxygen
c)
Aerobic uses oxygen and anaerobic does not
d)
Aerobic and anaerobic both do not use oxygen
19.
Photosynthesis uses solar energy from the sun to create
a)
High energy sugars like glucose
b)
High energy proteins
c)
High energy lipids
d)
High energy nucleic acids
20.
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related processes?
a)
Both provide plant cells with energy
b)
Both provide animal cells with energy
c)
The reactants of respiration are the products of photosynthesis.
d)
The reactants of respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.
21.
What is an enzyme?
a)
A biological catalyst that works in living cells to speed up chemical reactions.
b)
A biological catalyst that works outside living cells to speed up chemical reactions.
c)
A protein that increases activation energy
d)
A product of chemical reactions.
22.
What is responsible for making a protein?
a)
The sequence of the phosphate-sugar backbone.
b)
The sequence of lipids.
c)
The sequence of nitrogenous bases.
d)
The sequence of carbohydrates.
23.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between a plant and animal cell?
a)
Plant cells have chloroplasts, animal cells do not.
b)
Animal cells are round, plant cells are square.
c)
Animal cells are square, plant cells are round.
d)
Plant cells have a cell wall and large central vacuole.
24.
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
a)
Active transport does not require energy.
b)
Passive transport does require energy.
c)
Passive transport does not require ATP energy, but active transport does.
d)
Active transport does not require ATP energy, but passive transport does.
25.
Facilitated diffusion allows large molecules to pass through the cell membrane with the help of protein channels, but does not require energy. It is a ________ process.
a)
Passive
b)
Active
c)
ATP
d)
Protein
26.
Which organelle provides your body the energy it needs to function?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Lysosome
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Golgi apparatus
27.

Which scientist first used the term cell after observing cork through a microscope?

a)

Hooke

b)

Jansen

c)

Pastuer

d)

Virchow

28.

During the microscope labs, we viewed the slides using the 10x eyepiece. If we were using the 4x objective lenws, what is the total magnification power used?

a)

40x

b)

10x

c)

100x

d)

14x

29.

Tasha is testing the effect of different colored lights on the growth of tomato plants. Which is the independent variable in her experiment?

a)

light color

b)

light temperature

c)

growth of plants

d)

number of tomatoes produced

30.

Which of the following are autotrophs? (select ALL correct answers)

a)

Pine tree

b)

Goldfish

c)

Mouse

d)

Grass

31.

What structure is found in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cell wall

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cell membrane

32.

In the hypotonic cell, what is happening?

a)

The salt concentration is low and the water is leaving the cell

b)

The salt concentration is high and the water is entering the cell

c)

The salt concentration is low and salt is leaving the cell

d)

The salt concentration is high and salt is entering the cell

33.

Which of the following is a biotic factor in the environment?

a)

Temperature

b)

amount of bacteria

c)

amount of shelter

d)

amount of water

34.

Which of the following is the correct order of organization of life from SMALLEST to LARGEST on Earth?

a)

organism, ecosystem, biome, population, biosphere, community

b)

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

c)

organism, biome, biosphere, population, ecosystem, community

d)

organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

35.

Plants release what during photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

oxygen

36.

Which organelle makes proteins?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Mitochondria

37.

Homologous chromosomes are:

a)

Identical

b)

Similar, but may have different alleles from each parent.

38.

A cell has 20 chromosomes. How many will it have after mitosis?

a)

10

b)

20

39.

Which is a primary consumer?

a)

The Squirrel

b)

The cougar

c)

The wolf

40.

The plants in this picture are:

a)

Producers

b)

Consumers

41.

When water moves across the semipermeable membrane, it is considered:

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active transport

42.

What type of solution would make this plant cell low on water?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

43.

Which is true about passive transport in a cell?

a)

It does not require energy

b)

It requires ATP

44.

What best describes the green and blue shapes?

a)

Substrates

b)

Enzymes

45.

What would likely effect the population of snakes?

a)

Less eagles

b)

More chipmunks

46.

Which is a way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

More plants and more photosynthesis

b)

More cows and cattle ranching

47.

What would likely increase the population of foxes?

a)

Less cougars

b)

More deer

48.

All of the following are true facts about enzymes EXCEPT

a)

All living cells have enzymes.

b)

Life would not be possible without enzymes.

c)

Enzymes can speed chemical reactions by 100s to billions of times.

d)

There are a few types of enzymes, but they each perform many types of reactions.

49.

Catalysts will ______________ activation energy of a reaction.

a)

decrease

b)

double

c)

freeze

d)

increase

50.

The long distance water movement, from roots up to leaves, of the water transport in large plants depends on one unique property of water. Water's unique property of ______________ allows water molecules to stick together so they can be pulled upward by the force of transpiration.

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

indention

d)

retention

51.

Living matter is at least sixty percent water. It makes sense, then, that cell membranes are made of phospholipids because

a)

phosphates dissolve in water.

b)

the bilayer acts to repels water.

c)

the lipids form an insoluble barrier.

d)

the lipids mix easily in a water environment.

52.

According to the cell theory, where do cells come from?

a)

cells can only come from other, pre-existing cells

b)

cells are formed from the semi-conservative replication of DNA

c)

cells can only arise from the complex chemical environment found in organic solutions

d)

cells come from other cells and, on rare occasions, from the spontaneous action of inorganic enzymes

53.

What type of cell is this?

a)

animal

b)

bacterial

c)

fungal

d)

plant

54.

Where does the substrate bind to the enzyme?

a)

Complex

b)

Active Site

c)

Product

d)

Reactant

55.

Which of these statements is true?

a)

Enzymes help speed up reactions by increasing the activation energy needed.

b)

One type of enzyme can bind to many different kinds of substrates

c)

Enzymes are very specific to the substrates they bind with.

d)

Enzymes are used up after they preform their tasks.

56.
The variable that is being tested or changed
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control variable
57.
The variable that is being measured
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control variable
58.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid: water, apple juice, or milk. What variables should be kept constant/controlled? 
a)
type of plant, flower pot,  soil, and amount of sunlight
b)
water, apple juice, milk
c)
only the amount of sunlight
d)
type of plant only
59.
What is being kept constant?
a)
ramp height
b)
speed of the ball rolling
c)
type of ball
60.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, the independent variable is ...
a)
The type of plant
b)
The amount of sunlight
c)
The type of music
d)
The type of liquid
61.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, what is the dependent variable?
a)
Type of plant
b)
Water, apple juice, milk
c)
Plant growth
62.

Which of the following is a factual conclusion that may be made from the data in the tables?

a)

As the temperature increases in both air and water the speed of sound stays the same

b)

As the temperature increases in both air and water the speed of sound decreases

c)

As the temperature decreases in both air and water the speed of sound increases

d)

As the temperature decreases in both air and water the speed of sound decreases

63.
In this graph, what is the independent variable? 
a)
Population
b)
Day
c)
Species 5
64.
In this graph, what is the dependent variable? 
a)
Walla Walla Island
b)
Time
c)
Number of Deer
65.
What type of transport requires energy? 
a)
Active Transport
b)
Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Simple Diffusion
d)
Passive Transport
66.
What type of transport does not require energy? 
a)
Active Transport
b)
Passive Transport
67.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
68.
This egg has shrunk, what type of solution was it placed in?
a)
hypotonic solution
b)
hypertonic solution
c)
isotonic solution
d)
active transport
69.
If a cell is placed in a HYPOTONIC solution, water will move _________ of the cell, causing it to ___________.
a)
into, swell
b)
out of, shrivel
c)
in and out of the cell, stay the same
70.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
71.
Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory?
a)
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
b)
All cells are produced from other cells.
c)
Only animal cells are composed of cells.
d)
All living things are composed of cells.
72.
Which component of the cell membrane functions to help move materials across the membrane?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
cholesterol
c)
phospholipids
d)
proteins
73.

Selective permeability allows __________ molecules to pass through plasma membrane

a)

some

b)

all

74.

The ____________ mosaic model describes the plasma membrane and its molecules

a)

solid

b)

fluid

75.
What are the tiny structures that carry out jobs inside cells called?
a)
membranes
b)
nucleus
c)
organelles
d)
animalicules
76.
In what organelle is the genetic material found inside?
 
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Nucleus
77.
My main goal is to produce a lot of ATP energy. 
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
78.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
79.
Provides long term energy and insulation,
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
80.
Contains DNA and RNA
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
81.
Contains a phosphate, sugar and nitrogen base
a)
nucleic acid
b)
lipid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
protein
82.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture
*GLUCOSE
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
83.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
84.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
85.
This process is known as ________ transport.
a)
passive
b)
active
c)
protein
d)
temporary
86.

The majority of the cell membrane is made of which macromolecule?

a)

Phospholipids

b)

Carbs

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

87.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

Energy (ATP) + Water + Carbon Dioxide.

b)

Water + Oxygen

c)

Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide

d)

Water + Energy (ATP)

88.

Which is a reactant of photosynthesis?

a)

oxygen gas

b)

water

c)

glucose

d)

ATP

89.
What energy transformation occurs during photosynthesis?
a)
Light --> Chemical
b)
Chemical --> Chemical
c)
Thermal --> Chemical
d)
Light --> Mechanical
90.

What are reactants of Photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon Dioxide + Water

b)

Glucose + Oxygen

c)

Sunlight + Oxygen

d)

ATP + Water

91.

Cellular Respiration is aerobic because _____ is a reactant.

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

glucose

d)

water

92.

The organelle picture is

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Mitochondrian

c)

Cytoplasm

93.

converts sunlight to energy

a)

cytoskeleton

b)

chloroplast

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosome

94.

contains DNA and directs activities of the cell

a)

chloroplast

b)

chromosome

c)

ribosome

d)

nucleus

95.

converts chemical energy into ATP

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

golgi apparatus

c)

vacuole

d)

mitochondria

96.
Which of the following is found inside a prokaryote?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
DNA
c)
ribosomes
d)
all of these
97.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
98.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar
b)
CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar
99.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
100.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
101.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
102.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
103.
The first stage of the cell cycle during which the cell matures and prepares to divide and copies its DNA; The stage the cell stays in the most
a)
interphase
b)
prophase
c)
metaphase
d)
anaphase
104.
Which of the following describes the purpose of the mitosis cell cycle?
a)
To make more of the same cells.
b)
For growth and repair.
c)
To prevent the cell from becoming too large.
d)
All of the above.
105.
What is the result of mitosis?
a)
1 cell
b)
2 genetically identical cells
c)
2 genetically different cells
d)
4 genetically identical cells
106.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have -
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
107.
The cells produced via meiosis are called:
a)
sex cells
b)
somatic cells
c)
body cells
d)
skin cells
108.
What process, and which type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
109.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
110.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
111.
Which of the following is a reactant (input) in the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis?
a)
O2
b)
C6H12O6
c)
CO2
d)
COOH
112.
Which of the following is the site of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis in the chloroplast?
a)
stroma
b)
thylakoid membrane
c)
matrix
d)
inner membrane space
113.
The 2 main types of fermentation are called
a)
Aerobic and anaerobic
b)
Alcoholic and lactic acid
c)
Aerobic and lactic acid
d)
Anaerobic and alcoholic
114.
Glycolysis and fermentation are anaerobic processes.  What does this mean?
a)
They do not produce oxygen.
b)
They do not need oxygen to occur.
c)
They need oxygen in order to occur.
d)
They produce oxygen. 
115.
They type of fermentation used by yeast is called
a)
alcoholic
b)
lactic acid
c)
pyruvic acid
d)
glycolic acid
116.
If a cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis and cytokinesis?
a)
4
b)
6
c)
12
d)
24
117.
During interphase, a cells grows, duplicates organelles, and 
a)
replicates DNA
b)
divides the nucleus
c)
divides the cytoplasm
d)
produces a new cell
118.
Which statement describes the chromosome shown?
a)
made up of two histones
b)
Made up  of two sister chromatids
c)
Made up of two centromeres
d)
Make up of two centrioles
119.
Apoptosis represents genetically programmed __________________.
a)
differentiation
b)
cell death
c)
tumor suppression
d)
mitosis
120.
A kidney cell is an example of which type of cell?
a)
sex cell
b)
gamete
c)
somatic cell
d)
haploid cell
121.
If humans have 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would be present in sex cells after meiosis? 
a)
16
b)
23
c)
46
d)
47
122.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of 
a)
2 diploid cells
b)
4 haploid cells
c)
1 daughter cell
d)
2 daughter cells
123.
What is the ultimate goal of meiosis?
a)
Reduce the chromosome number by half
b)
Double the number of chromosomes
c)
Increase the genetic information for the next generation
d)
Inherit 2 of the same genes to decrease the chances for mutations. 
124.
During which phase of meiosis can crossing over occur?
a)
prophase I
b)
metaphase I
c)
anaphase I
d)
telophase I
125.

In which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up at the middle of the cell?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

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