All of the following are components of Helly’s solution, except:

An excellent microanatomic fixative for pituitary gland, bone marrow and blood-containing organs such as spleen and liver:

A fixative recommended mainly for tumor biopsies especially of the skin:

It is recommended for study of early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis:

It demonstrates Rickettsia and other bacteria:

It is recommended for acid mucopolysaccharides:

Picric acid fixative:

Glacial acetic acid solidifies at:

Excellent for fixing blood smears and bone marrow tissues:

Composition of Carnoy’s fluid:

It is recommended for fixing chromosomes, lymph glands and urgent biopsies:

It is considered to be the most rapid fixative:

Swelling effect on tissues counteract shrinkage produced by other components/fixatives:

It is used in fixing brain tissues for diagnosis of rabies:

It is used to remove excessive mercuric fixatives:

It is most common decalcifying agent used, utilized both as simple solution or combined with other reagents:

It decalcifies and softens tissues at the same time:

Composition of Perenyi’s fluid:

It may be used both as a fixative and decalcifying agent:

A very expensive although the most ideal and most reliable method of determining the extent of decalcification:

Best dehydrating agent because it is fast-acting, it mixes with water and penetrates tissue easily:

Dehydrates and clears tissues:

A clearing agent which may damage the bone marrow resulting in aplastic anemia:

A clearing agent recommended for tough tissues, for nervous tissues, lymph nodes and embryos because it causes minimum shrinkage and hardening of tissues:

A mixture of highly purified paraffin and synthetic plastic polymers with a melting point of 56-57 ^oC.

It is recommended for bones, teeth, large brain sections and whole organs

It is preferred for processing of whole eye sections:

Gilson’s mixture made up of equal parts of chloroform and cedarwood oil, is added to the celloidin block before hardening, to make the tissue transparent:

The angle formed between the cutting edges, normally between 27 to 32^o:

It involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge, to remove blemishes, and grinding the cutting edge of the knife on a stone:

It involves the removal of burr and for final polishing of the knife edge:

The knife is then turned over, and the other surface is again drawn forward, edge first, with a HEEL TO TOE direction:

It is used for cutting celloidin embedded sections:

This was invented by Paldwell Trefall in 1881, the simplest among the different types of microtomes:

This was invented by Minot in 1885-86 to cut paraffin embedded tissues, and is the most common type used for both routine and research laboratories:

This was developed by Adam in 1789:

This was invented by Queckett in 1848:

It is added to Mayer’s egg albumin to prevent the growth of molds:

A natural dye derived by extraction from the heartwood of a Mexican tree:

A vegetable dye extracted from certain lichens:

Alum hematoxylin solutions:

An excellent stain for elastic fibers (Taenzer Unna), especially recommended in dermatological studies due to its ability to demonstrate the finest and most delicate fibers in the skin:

A process by which sections are stained with simple aqueous or alcoholic solution of the dye:

In the methyl green pyronin stain for nucleic acids, RNA is stained:

Incomplete or defective development of a tissue or organ, represented only by a mass of fatty or fibrous tissue, bearing no resemblance to the adult structure:

It refers to the complete non-appearance of an organ:

Failure of an organ to form an opening:

An acquired decrease in size of a normally developed or mature tissue or organ resulting from reduction in cell size or decrease in total number of cells or both:

A reversible change involving the transformation in one type of adult cell to another:

Regressive alteration in adult cells manifested by variation in size, shape and orientation:

Dedifferentiation:

Marked regressive change in adult cells towards more primitive or embryonic cell types:

Continuous abnormal proliferation of cells without control:

It is characterized by cooling of the body to equalize that of the surrounding environment, occurring at a definite rate, about 7^oF per hour and usually important in establishing the approximate time of death:

This refers to the rigidity or stiffening of the muscles occurring 6 to 12 hours after death and persisting for 3 to 4 days:

This refers to the purplish discoloration or lividity of the skin after death:

This refers to the drying and wrinkling of the cornea and anterior chamber of the eye due to the absorption of the aqueous humor.

In the von Kossa silver nitrate method, calcium is stained:

All of the following are fixatives for cytologic smears, except: