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WEATHERING AND EROSION REVIEW

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What caused these rocks to be shaped the way they are?

a)

Wind and Sunlight

b)

Wind and Waves

c)

Waves and Sunlight

d)

Waves and Gravity

2.

Juan picks up a pebble from a river. The pebble is very smooth. Juan forms a hypothesis that the rock is smooth because it rubbed against other rocks and sand in the river. Which process did he explain?

a)

abrasion

b)

oxidation

c)

chemical weathering

d)

deposition

3.

In places where there is loose sand and strong wind, the wind can pick up the sand and carry it. When the wind slows, it drops the sand. What is this process called?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

oxidation

4.

Repeated freezing and unfreezing is an example of what type of weathering?

a)

chemical

b)

erosion

c)

physical

d)

deposition

5.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

6.

This process moves bits of rock from one place to another.

a)

mechanical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

7.

This process involves changing the composition of the minerals that make up a rock.

a)

chemical weathering

b)

mechanical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

8.

Physical weathering is caused by all of these EXCEPT???

a)

abrasion (wearing away)

b)

burrowing of animals

c)

oxidation (forming rust)

d)

ice wedging

9.

Erosion is caused by all of these EXCEPT???

a)

gravity

b)

ice

c)

water

d)

delta

10.

Landslides, mudslides, and creep are caused by.....

a)

wind

b)

gravity

c)

ice

11.

A glacier is....

a)

the term we use to describe any type of ice wedging

b)

an extremely large mass of ice slowly plowing its way down a valley

c)

not something that happens anymore

12.

Carbonation is

a)

when carbon dioxide and rain react to form carbonic acid, a form of acid rain that chemically weathers some types of rock

b)

when rust is formed

c)

when water is added to the minerals in a rock to soften the rock

13.

What is the difference between mechanical weathering and chemical weathering?

a)

Mechanical weathering is breaking down of rocks

b)

Mechanical weathering is the change in chemical composition

c)

Chemical weathering has a change in the rock's chemical composition and mechanical doesn't

d)

Chemical weathering is breaking down of rocks

14.

Which weathering has water freeze in the cracks and wedges it apart because water expands when it freezes?

a)

Frost Wedging (Freeze thaw)

b)

Abrasion

c)

Plant root growth

d)

Exfoliation

15.

Which weathering is the gradual peeling of layers due to uplift?

a)

Freeze thaw

b)

Plants and animals

c)

Abrasion

d)

Exfoliation

16.

Oxidation forms ______________

a)

Water

b)

Plants

c)

Rust

d)

Ice

17.

Weathering rates are faster in ________________ climates.

a)

Warm and dry

b)

Dry and Cold

c)

Warm and wet

d)

Dry and wet

18.

What is the removal and transport of weathered material?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

19.

Landslide and rock slides occur in very ___________ vertical cliffs.

a)

Steep

b)

Shallow

c)

Horizontal

20.
Soil is made of
a)
weathered rocks and minerals
b)
dead plants and animals
c)
air and water
d)
all of the above
21.
The layer of soil which the topsoil is found.
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
22.
The two main factors that determine the rate of weathering are the TYPE of rock and_____.
a)
Music
b)
Climate
c)
Size of rock
d)
Weight of rock
23.

With a steeper slope, we would expect to see...

a)

less erosion

b)

more erosion

c)

the same amount of erosion

d)

no erosion at all

24.
The map below represents a river as it enters a lake. 
At which locations is the amount of deposition greater than the amount of erosion?
a)
A,C and E
b)
B, D and F
c)
B, C, and F
d)
A, D and E
25.

What type of weathering is changing the composition of the rock or mineral?

a)

Chemical

b)

Mechanical

c)

Biological

26.

The movement of ________ is a major agent of erosion along streams, rivers, beaches, and underground.

a)

Gravity

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Wind

27.

Sara blew through a straw and directed her breath at a pan of sand. The sand began to move. She is showing how the ______ erodes the land.

a)

Ice

b)

Gravity

c)

Water

d)

Wind

28.

Landslides and mudslides are an example of erosion by ________.

a)

Gravity

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Wind

29.

The process where glaciers erode an area over a long period of time is ______ erosion.

a)

Gravity

b)

Ice

c)

Water

d)

Wind

30.

________ is the breaking down or dissolving of rocks.

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Weathering

31.

Landslides, rockfalls, and mudslides are responsible for both erosion and deposition. What force is mainly responsible for the erosion and deposition that happens in landslides, rockfalls, and mudslides?

a)

A. ice

b)

B. wind

c)

C. gravity

d)

D. temperature

32.

How can a glacier affect land in a valley?

a)

the glacier can erode rock and soil and deposit it somewhere else

b)

the glacier probably melted and then flooded the valley

c)

the glacier brought seeds with it so new trees could grow

33.
Sand dunes are created through what process?
a)
deposition by water
b)
deposition by ice (glaciers)
c)
deposition by wind
34.
What process creates deltas?
a)
Deposition by water
b)
Deposition by ice (glaciers)
c)
Deposition by wind
35.

A delta is an example of

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Sediment

d)

Deposition

36.

Waves and currents help to form beaches.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

Which does not impact the infiltration of water?

a)

porosity/permeability of water

b)

rate of precipitation

c)

water table level

d)

amount of pollution in a nearby stream

38.

The area of land drained by a river and its tributaries

a)

Watershed

b)

Drainage basin

c)

River area

d)

Groundwater

39.

Where the water goes up through the plants and is released into the air through the leaves

a)

Evaporation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Condensation

d)

Interception

40.

Impermeable Rock

a)

Rock that allows water to pass through it

b)

Rock that does not allow water to pass through it

41.

The rate at which infiltration takes place, expressed as inches per hour.

a)

Percolation rate

b)

Infiltration rate

c)

Lag time

d)

Through Flow

42.

The level below the earth's surface at which the ground becomes saturated with water.

a)

Water Table

b)

Groundwater Storage

c)

Surface Storage

d)

Soil Moisture Storage

43.

The volume of water flowing through a river channel

a)

Water table

b)

Through flow

c)

River discharge

d)

Surface Runoff

44.

Source

a)

Where the river meets the sea

b)

Where two rivers meet

c)

Something you put on chips

d)

The starting point of the river

45.

Tributary

a)

A smaller river leading to the main channel

b)

The meeting point of two rivers

c)

The start of the river

d)

The edge of the drainage basin

46.

Watershed

a)

The point where the river meets the sea

b)

The meeting point of two rivers

c)

A smaller river meeting the main channel

d)

The edge of the drainage basin

47.

What river feature does this image show?

a)

Meander

b)

Oxbow Lake

c)

Tributary

d)

Headwaters

48.
What river feature does this picture show?
a)
Oxbow Lake
b)
Meander
c)
Estuary
d)
Tributary
49.
What does this image show?
a)
Oxbow Lake
b)
Headwaters
c)
Runoff
d)
Delta
50.
A small stream or river feeding into the main river is known as...
a)
Confluence
b)
Source
c)
Tributary
d)
Mouth
51.

Where will there be the most erosion?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

52.

Where is the water in the river moving the slowest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

D

53.
A meander is best described as ...
a)
A straight section of the river.
b)
A winding section of a lake.
c)
A section of the river that joins another river.
d)
A winding section of a river.
54.

What is the name of the point where a river ends & empties into another river or large body of water?

a)

Tributary

b)

Water Shed

c)

Confluence

d)

Mouth

55.
The steepness or vertical drop of a stream or river
a)
discharge
b)
runoff
c)
gradient
d)
channel
56.

Which term best describes the general flow of water over land?

a)

runoff

b)

precipitation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

57.

What stage of a river is closest to the ocean?

a)

Youthful

b)

mature

c)

old

58.

What stage of the river moves the fastest?

a)

youthful

b)

mature

c)

old

d)

They all move at the same speed

59.

In the Youthful Stage of a river (in the mountains), what shape valley does the river cut into the hillside?

a)

"S" shape

b)

"U" shape

c)

"L" shape

d)

"V" shape

60.

In the mature stage of a river, where the it begins to leave the mountains, the river cut valley widens and the river begins to ___________________

a)

ALL of these

b)

slow down

c)

begin meanders

d)

start a flood plain

61.
A _____ is a mass of ice that moves downhill due to its weight.
a)
glacier
b)
erratic
c)
fjiord
d)
moraine
62.
_____ is rock debris embedded in base of ice create polishing, grooves and striations.
a)
Plucking
b)
Abrasion
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
63.
_____ is the removal of large chunks of rock debris.
a)
Plucking
b)
Abrasion
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
64.
_____ are parallel scratch marks on bedrock
a)
Plucking
b)
Abrasion
c)
Straitions
d)
Till
65.
_____ is one type of glacier.
a)
Mountain
b)
Ocean
c)
Continental
d)
Plain
66.
A _____ glacier carves a V-shaped valley into a U-shaped valley.
a)
Valley
b)
Continental
c)
Mountain
d)
Plain
67.
_____ is the unsorted material that is deposited directly by ice.
a)
Outwash
b)
Till
c)
Erratic
d)
Esker
68.
_____ are are lines deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers.
a)
Eskers
b)
Till
c)
Erratics
d)
Moraines
69.
_____ are enormous boulders transported and deposited by glaciers, often far from their source region.
a)
Till
b)
Erratics
c)
Moraines
d)
Fjords
70.
A _____ is a tear-drop-shaped hill created by ice flow over and around till deposit.
a)
drumlin
b)
esker
c)
moraine
d)
erratic