This area of the brain is associated with reasoning, planning, thinking, and decision-making.

what specific part of the brain was damaged in Bechara and Grafman's studies?

what are the two types of processing called

check characteristics of system 1 processing

select activities associated with system 1 processing

which characteristics describe system 2 processing

which of the following activities are system 2

In the Grafman et al. Vietnam Head Injury Study, how was data on the dependent variable gathered?

What was the dependent variable in the Bechara et al. study on brain damage and decision-making?

When I see a shark attack on the news and then refuse to swim in the ocean for fear of a shark attack, I am demonstrating...

When your amygdala sounds a "fear alarm" , your brain releases a rush of_________

which group of researchers conducted the case study of SM, the woman with no fear?

which group of researchers conducted the experiment on the effects of testosterone in rats?

Increased testosterone increases the activation of the...

This is the system in your body that contains glands that will produce hormones

The process of evolution is dependent on...

In Goetz's study on testosterone & aggression, what "types" of faces were connected to higher activation of the amygdala in the participants?

A chemical messenger that travels through the body's bloodstream and kickstarts various physiological processes

A chemical messenger that travels between neurons & kickstarts mental processes

True or False: neurotransmitters & hormones are the same thing; you can use the terms interchangeably

In Radke's study on the effects of testosterone on social threats, how was data gathered for the dependent variable?

In Albert et al.'s study on rats, how was data gathered for the dependent variable?

What's this thing?

The tiny space between two connecting neurons; the site where neurotransmission takes place

Which group of researchers studied the effects of serotonin reduction in the brain?

The process of neurons sending and receiving signals

The ability of the brain to strengthen and diversify connections between neurons

Which group of researchers studied the effects of mindfulness on the brain?

True or False: Neurotransmitters and hormones are the same thing

A neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation, sleep quality, and impulsiveness

In Rosenzweig & Bennet's studies on environment and neuroplasticity in rats, how many different test conditions were there?

In Rosenzweig & Bennet's studies on environment and neuroplasticity in rats, how did the researchers gather data on the dependent variable?

In Perry & Pollard's study on enriched environments, they found that children who had suffered from ____________ neglect had the smallest brains

Twin studies typically use an experimental design called...

This number refers to the extent to which a behavior can be attributed to genetic vs environmental factors

In Raine & Baker's study on twins & aggressive behaviors, they found that heritability of anti-social behaviors almost always came out to...

Meyer-Lindberg investigated the effects of the MAOA-L gene on aggressive behaviors. Results showed that

Social Cognitive Theory was developed by

In Bandura's original study on learning, the researchers used __________________ to study children's violent behavior

What is meant by observational learning?

What is this diagram depicting?

Acting in a way that is consistent with social norms

When our behavior changes because we're afraid of how the group will react

Between individualism and collectivism, which cultures tend to place more emphasis on the group identity?

This person developed the cultural dimensions theory

Which of these is NOT a value of individualistic cultures?

This theory states that conflict arises when there is competition over resources

The researcher behind Realistic Conflict Theory and the Robber's Cave Study

In the Robber's Cave Study,

In Berry's Cross-Cultural study, which group conformed more often?

What type of experiment was the Robber's Cave Study?

In the Robber's Cave Study, how was conflict between groups developed?

A biased attitude towards a group of people

Gordon Allport came up with this idea to describe how intergroup conflict might be reduced

Which of these is NOT a condition of the Contact Hypothesis?

Which theory postulates that conflict between groups may arise due to identification with and in-group and categorizing others as an out-group

Which theory postulates that conflict between groups may arise due to conflict over resources

Social identity theory was proposed by...

The process of categorizing people into in-groups and out-groups is called...

According to SIT, we show in-group bias because it improves...

The out-group homogeneity effect is a term that means...

Which of the following studies is NOT relevant to SIT...

Study: Sororities and in-group bias

This study examined social identity in college students as it related to success of the college's sports teams

What are Schemas?

_________ schemas are mental representations about various groups of people.

_________ are schemas about sequences of events.

________ schemas are mental representations about ourselves.

According to Schema Theory, which of the following are true.?

In the Cohen (1981) Waitress/Librarian study, all participants saw the exact same video

The processing of information in a way that connects the information to existing schema

This study examined how confirmation bias might be connected to racial bias in sports

This study examined how activating a schema (specifically, a script schema for doing laundry) might improve memory retention

A cognitive bias whereby we tend to focus on and remember information that is consistent with our existing thoughts, opinions or beliefs.

Memories are not perfectly preserved "snapshots" of an event but are rather _____________________ every time we access them

_______________ occurs when information from our memories does not fit nicely into our schemas

Elizabeth Loftus did work related to

Phenomenon of incorrect information being integrated into a memory of an event

a particular type of distortion where a false memory is created of something that never happened

The process of acquiring one's cultural heritage

The process of enculturation can also be referred to as

The enculturation process is carried out by

This factor will influence the enculturation process (especially when it comes to parenting)

How many cultures were included in Barry et al.'s (1959) cross-cultural study on parenting styles?

The acculturation strategy that is correlated with the best mental health outcomes

Which of these is NOT an acculturation strategy?

In Torres et al.'s (2012) study on American Latinos, higher discrimination tended to be correlated with higher....

Theresa has moved to a new country, but finds the culture very unappealing. She would prefer to just mind her own business and continue living her life the way she lived it back home.

What acculturation strategy has this person adopted?

JimBob just moved to Fiji, and loves the culture so much that he's beginning to consider himself a native Fijian. He can barely even remember what he liked about his home culture.

What acculturation strategy has this person adopted?

Getting participants to agree to participate in the study before it takes place and also providing enough information so they can make an informed decision about if they want to participant.

After the study has finished, researchers reveal full details about the study, including aims, methods, results and maybe possible applications. This is when any deception is clarified.

When someone’s name is unknown - in research, this may involve not revealing real names (e.g. HM, SM) and/or removing names from lists of data.

This is when you lead someone to believe something that’s not true. This is sometimes required to ensure validity of results, but should be justified and may be revealed during debriefing.

When a participant's behaviour changes because of their desire to be viewed positively by other people.

Any action that a researcher has taken in a study to minimize or eliminate the effects of extraneous variables.

A type of sampling method where the researchers conduct their study on people who are available at the time of the study.

A type of brain imaging that shows images of the activity in the brain while tasks are being performed.

A study that manipulates an independent variable in a naturalistic setting and measures the effects of this.

A type of sampling method where all members of a target population may be asked to participate through the use of a randomized method.

A study that tests the effects of some kind of treatment on a dependent variable, but one or more characteristics of a true experiment can't be met.

A type of brain imaging that shows images of the structure (size and shape) of the brain.

A type of research method that involves studying the effects of a naturally occurring IV on a DV.

When a researcher might be subconsciously interpreting data in a way that supports their hypothesis

A type of research method that involves using multiple methods to gather lots of data on a small group or individual.

A type of sampling method where the researchers advertise the study and participants volunteer to participate.

When the sample doesn't accurately represent the target population.

When the order of the tasks participants are asked to complete might effect the results

The extent to which the findings from a study could be applied to a different context (e.g. other people, places or situations).

A type of research method that investigates the strength of relationships between co-variables.

What control process transfer information from the sensory store to the short-term store?

What control process transfer information from the short-term store to the long-term store?

In the case study of HM, what function of the brain was demonstrated?

Which element of short term memory did Peterson & Peterson's trigram study help to demonstrate?

In Peterson and Peterson's study, after how many seconds did memory of trigrams disappear?

About how many separate pieces of information can our short-term memory process?

This is a type of long-term memory about skills ("muscle memory"); despite the damage to his hippocampus, it appeared HM was able to develop this kind of memory

This is a type of long-term memory about specific events or experiences; because HM's hippocampus was damaged, he could not form new memories of this type

These researchers conducted the case study on HM

True or False: "Working Memory" and "Short Term Memory" refer to essentially the same thing

Which of the following is NOT a slave system in the working memory model?

The ability to hold information in our conscious attention is also known as...

Which part of the working memory model did Baddeley describe as a "little man inside your head" ?

Which of the following processes auditory information?

Which of the following processes visual information?

Think about your favorite song.

Which system in your working memory just activated?

What were the average scores for memory of chess pieces during visual-spatial interference? (Robbins et al. [1996])

Does high emotion increase or decrease memory?

Which stress hormone has been demonstrated to have an effect on memory recall?

The process of emotion beginning with thoughts in the PFC that activate the stress response

What is one limitation of the Baby Albert study by Watson & Rayner (1920)?

Even though fear can often feel like a bad thing, it is an _________________________________ that helps to ensure our survival

Cognitive reappraisal is...

In this experiment, participants first learned 3 different cognitive reappraisal strategies. They then laid down in an fMRI, were shown different images, and asked to practice 1 of the 3 reappraisal strategies while observers measured brain activity.

When I am in the woods and see a wolf, the rush of fear that I feel is an example of...

When I am ruminating about the good old days, and start to feel sad that the good old days are over, this is an example of...