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B6 AQA Inheritance, Variation and Evolution

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
True or False? The alleles for cystic fibrosis and polydactyly are both dominant.
a)
true
b)
false
2.
If a farmer wants to increase the meat yield of his cows, he would breed together
a)
The biggest cows
b)
Those that produced the most milk
c)
Those with a gentle temperament
3.
What is an organisms genotype?
a)
The characteristics that the organism has
b)
The alleles that the organism has
c)
All of the genetic material of that organism
4.
How often do mutations result in a new phenotype?
a)
Always
b)
Sometimes
c)
Never
5.
What do evolutionary trees show?
a)
Evolutionary relationships
b)
Parental relationships
c)
Genetic disorders
d)
Phenotype relationships
6.
What is a problem that could result from patients not finishing a course of antibiotics?
a)
Antibiotic resistance increases in bacteria
b)
Antibiotic resistance increases in viruses
c)
Immunity to disease increases in Humans
7.
How many cell divisions occur during meiosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
e)
5
8.
What is the correct order of classification groups?
a)
Kingdom -> Genus -> Class -> Order -> Family -> Phylum -> Species
b)
Family -> Phylum -> Species -> Order -> Kingdom -> Genus -> Class
c)
Kingdom -> Phylum -> Class -> Order -> Family -> Genus -> Species
9.
A tall pea plant with two dominant "T" alleles and a dwarf pea plant with two recessive "t" alleles produce a pea plant with the genotype Tt. What will the new plants phenotype be?
a)
Tall
b)
Yellow
c)
Dwarf
d)
Green
10.

In figure 1, which species is A most closely related to?

a)

B

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

e)

F

11.
In figure 1, what species is E most closely related to?
a)
C
b)
D
c)
F
d)
G
e)
A
12.

What keyword best matches the following definition: A genotype with one dominant and one recessive allele

(a)  

13.

What keyword best matches the following definition: A genotype with two recessive alleles

(a)  

14.

What keyword best matches the following definition: A genotype with two dominant alleles

(a)  

15.
In terms of alleles, what is the best definition of "Dominant"
a)
Dominance means only 1 allele is required to display a characteristic
b)
Dominance means 2 alleles are required to display a characteristic
c)
Dominance means no alleles are required to display a characteristic
16.
In terms of alleles, what is the best definition of "Recessive"
a)
Recessive means only 1 allele is required to display a characteristic
b)
Recessive means 2 alleles are required to display a characteristic
c)
Recessive means no alleles are needed to display a characteristic
17.
What type of reproduction produces variation?
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
c)
Mitotic
d)
Varied
18.

What kind of allele causes Cystic Fibrosis

(a)  

19.

What kind of allele causes Polydactyly

(a)  

20.

Look at the following punnett square. What is the percentage chance that the offspring of the two individuals will be heterozygous?

(a)  

21.

Look at the following punnett square. What is the percentage chance that the offspring of the two individuals will be homozygous?

(a)  

22.

Look at the following punnett square. What is the percentage chance that the offspring of the two individuals will be homozygous dominant?

(a)  

23.

Look at the following punnett square. What is the percentage chance that the offspring of the two individuals will be homozygous recessive?

(a)  

24.

Look at the following punnett square. If the dominant allele codes for brown eyes and the recessive allele codes for green eyes. What is the percentage chance the offspring will have green eyes?

(a)  

25.

Look at the following punnett square. If the dominant allele codes for brown eyes and the recessive allele codes for green eyes. What is the percentage chance the offspring will have brown eyes?

(a)  

26.

Look at the following punnett square. If the dominant allele codes for brown eyes and the recessive allele codes for green eyes. What percentage of offspring will have green eyes?

a)

0%

b)

50/50

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

27.
This is a genetic cross diagram. It is another way of displaying how characteristics are inherited (Like a punnett square). What genotype do the parents have?
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Homozygous dominant
d)
Homozygous recessive
28.
This is a genetic cross diagram. It is another way of displaying how characteristics are inherited (Like a punnett square). What is it called when a male and a female gamete meet?
a)
Fertilisation
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Asexual reproduction
d)
Mitosis
e)
Meiosis
29.
This is a genetic cross diagram. It is another way of displaying how characteristics are inherited (Like a punnett square). What is the process which makes gametes?
a)
Fertilisation
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Asexual reproduction
d)
Mitosis
e)
Meiosis
30.
This is a genetic cross diagram. It is another way of displaying how characteristics are inherited (Like a punnett square). After the gametes have met and the offspring is formed, what kind of cell division will lead the offspring to grow?
a)
Fertilisation
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Asexual reproduction
d)
Mitosis
e)
Meiosis
31.

This is a genetic cross diagram. It is another way of displaying how characteristics are inherited (Like a punnett square). What is the percentage chance of the offspring having cystic fibrosis?

(a)  

32.
Look at the picture below. Crossing purple flowers with white flowers always results in purple flowered offspring. What characteristic is dominant?
a)
Purple flowers
b)
White flowers
c)
Pink flowers
33.
True or False? "Selective breeding can happen without human intervention"
a)
true
b)
false
34.
What effect do mutations have on genetic variation?
a)
Mutations decrease genetic variation
b)
Mutations have no effect on genetic variation
c)
Mutations increase genetic variation
35.
When an individual has one dominant and one recessive allele...
a)
the recessive allele is expressed
b)
both alleles are expressed
c)
the dominant allele is expressed
36.
True or False? "Fossils can be formed from an organism's footprints and burrows that have been preserved over time."
a)
true
b)
false
37.
How many chromosomes does a Human body cell have?
a)
46
b)
12
c)
23
d)
1
e)
2
38.

How many chromosomes does a Human sex cell have?

a)

46

b)

12

c)

23

d)

1

e)

2

39.

What keyword does the following definition best match "Sex cells of an organism, for example sperm, egg or pollen cells.

(a)  

40.

How many pairs of chromosomes does a liver cell have?

(a)  

41.
Which of the following cells contain paired chromosomes
a)
Sperm
b)
Egg
c)
Liver
d)
Skin
e)
White blood
42.
Which of the following cells contain unpaired chromosomes
a)
Sperm
b)
Egg
c)
Liver
d)
Skin
e)
White blood
43.
How many chromosomes does a human gamete have?
a)
46
b)
12
c)
23
d)
1
e)
2
44.

What sex chromosomes does someone who is biologically female have?

a)

XX

b)

XY

c)

XXX

d)

XYX

e)

YY

45.
What sex chromosomes does someone who is biologically male have?
a)
XX
b)
XY
c)
XXX
d)
XYX
e)
YY
46.
What is the main idea behind Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection?
a)
There is variation in a population. Those more suited to the environment will be more likely to survive and pass on their characteristics.
b)
Individuals develop characteristics during their lifetimes, which make them more suited to their environment. They pass those on to their offspring.
47.
How are genes "cut out" from chromosomes in genetic engineering?
a)
Genes are "cut out" enzymes
b)
Genes are "cut out" using bacteria
c)
Genes are "cut out" using a surgical knife
48.
Which of the following is the most appropriate definition for a fossil?
a)
The remains of organisms from millions of years ago
b)
A geological formation (rock) with a bone contained inside it
c)
An Old Age Pensioner
d)
The remains of animals from millions of years ago
49.
What are pieces of evidence that support Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection [Tick all that apply]
a)
Fossil record
b)
Bacteria with antibiotic resistance have evolved
c)
Characteristics are passed to offspring in genes
d)
Certain organisms have become extinct
e)
Religious evidence points towards evolution
50.
Suggest reasons why someone may be against embryonic screening. [Tick all that apply]
a)
May lead to prejudice against those with genetic disorders
b)
May lead to a bias against those without certain characteristics (designer babies)
c)
Screening is expensive
d)
May lead to an increase in abortions, which some people view as the murder
e)
Religious reasons
51.
In genetic engineering, what is a vector?
a)
An organism which spreads disease
b)
The enzyme that cuts out or sticks in the desired gene
c)
The thing used to insert the desired gene in to the desired organism
52.
In genetic engineering, give an example of a vector? [Tick all that apply]
a)
Fungi
b)
Protist
c)
Bacteria
d)
Virus
e)
Bacterial plasmid
53.
What does extinct mean?
a)
All the organisms in a population are dead
b)
All the plants in a community are dead
c)
All the individuals in a species are dead
d)
All the animals in an ecosystem are dead
54.
For a fossil to be made, what process must be prevented?
a)
Reproduction
b)
Respiration
c)
Decay
d)
Photosynthesis
e)
Growth
55.
What are the conditions required for decay? [Tick any that apply]
a)
Presence of oxygen
b)
Approximately body temperature
c)
Presence of moisture
d)
Desiccated (No moisture) environment
e)
Subzero temperatures
56.
What part of the organism will decay first, before fossil formation?
a)
Bones
b)
Soft tissue
c)
Teeth
57.
What part of the organism will be slowly replaced by minerals over time (forming a fossil)?
a)
Bones are replaced by minerals
b)
Eyes are replaced by minerals
c)
Blood is replaced by minerals
d)
Skin is replaced by minerals
58.
Which of the following can be preserved as traces of an organism? [Tick any that apply]
a)
Footprints
b)
Poo
c)
Burrows
d)
Rootlet traces
59.
Why is the fossil record incomplete? [Tick any that apply]
a)
The conditions for fossilization are rare
b)
Organisms have not existed on Earth for long enough for many fossils to form
c)
The majority of fossils have yet to be found
d)
Geological activity has destroyed many fossils
e)
Early organisms were soft-bodied and could not become fossils
60.
What are the steps of fossilisation?
a)
Death -> Sedimentation -> Soft tissue decay -> Compression -> Bones trapped in rock -> Mineralisation -> Fossilisation
b)
Death -> Soft tissue decay -> Sedimentation -> Compression -> Mineralisation-> Bones trapped in rock -> Fossilisation
c)
Death -> Compression -> Mineralisation -> Sedimentation -> Bones trapped in rock -> Soft tissue decay -> Fossilisation
61.
What are the causes of extinctions? [Tick any that apply]
a)
New predators
b)
New competitors
c)
New diseases
d)
New environment
e)
Catastrophe

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