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Unit 4 Test Review

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
CAT TCA CTG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
3.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
4.

Match the nucleotide with its complementary nucleotide. (DNA to DNA)


Adenine bonds with:

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Guanine

d)

Uracil

5.

Match the nucleotide with its complementary nucleotide. (DNA to DNA)


Cytosine bonds with:

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Guanine

d)

Uracil

6.

A physical appearance is

a)

genotype

b)

heterozygous

c)

phenotype

d)

codominance

7.

Two identical alleles for a trait is known as

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

c)

mutation

d)

codominance

8.

A mutation is harmful to an organism if it

a)

changes the phenotype of an organism

b)

changes the DNA segment

c)

reduces the organism's chance of survival

d)

makes the organism better able to avoid predators

9.

What does Pp mean?

a)

two dominant alleles

b)

heterozygous alleles

c)

one dominant allele

d)

two dominant and recessive alleles

10.

Who studied different characteristics of pea plants by cross-pollinating plants?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Albert Punnett

c)

Sir Isaac Newton

d)

David Kuster

11.

What is the probability of producing a tall pea plant from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

12.

Genotype is

a)

stem height

b)

feather color

c)

physical appearance

d)

genetic makeup

13.

The term that relates to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics.

a)

traits

b)

offspring

c)

generations

d)

hybrids

14.

Factors that control traits are

a)

purebreds

b)

genes

c)

recessives

d)

parents

15.

A mutation is

a)

any change that is harmful

b)

any change in a gene or chromosome

c)

any change that is helpful

d)

any change in the phenotype

16.

An organisms's allele combination is known as

a)

phenotype

b)

mutation

c)

hybrid

d)

genotype

17.

If a homozygous black cat (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white cat (bb), what is the probability of having a cat with white fur?

a)

100%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

25%

18.

What is the primary generation for a Punnett Square called?

a)

F2 generation

b)

F1 generation

c)

P generation

d)

G generation

19.
The letter P in a "P" Generation stands for: 
a)
Probability
b)
Puppy
c)
Punnet
d)
Parent
20.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
21.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
22.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
23.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
24.
How many people in this whole pedigree have the trait/disease?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
25.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
26.
Which individual in the first generation is a carrier?
a)
The male
b)
The female
c)
individual 1
d)
None of the above
27.
If a trait SKIPS a generation, it is an indication that the trait is....
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
incompletely dominant
d)
co-dominant
28.

The diagram below represents a change that occurred in a pair of chromosomes during the formation of an egg cell. The alteration that occurred will most likely be passed on to every cell that develops from the egg cell. Why would this type of alteration result in offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent?

a)

It converts sex cells into body cells.

b)

It results in the formation of diploid gametes.

c)

. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome.

d)

It changes the chromosome number of the body cells that develop from the egg cell.

29.

The diagram shows the process of crossing over. Which claim about crossing over in chromosomes is best supported by the diagram?

a)

Crossing over increases genetic diversity through deletion.

b)

Crossing over decreases genetic diversity through mutation.

c)

Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of genes.

d)

Crossing over decreases genetic diversity by inserting nucleotides into gene sequences.

30.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

31.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
32.

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

33.

What are the building blocks of proteins called?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Amino Acids

34.

DNA molecule segment is : TTA-CGC-AAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTC-GCA-AG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

35.

Original DNA: CAT GAT CCA

New DNA: CAT TGA TCC A

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

substitution

c)

tranverse

d)

insertion

36.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Maybe?
37.

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

38.
Differences between members of the same species are called
a)
predators
b)
traits
c)
selections
d)
variations
39.
Autosomes are
a)
chromosomes found in autotrophs, only
b)
chromosomes that automatically correct all errors in the DNA
c)
chromosomes that determine traits other than sex
d)
chromosomes that determine the sex of the individual
40.

A _________ is DNA tightly coiled around proteins.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

trait

d)

mutation

41.

How many chromosomes does a human body cell have, total?

a)

48

b)

46

c)

23

d)

47

42.

Chromosomes that are paired by size and content are called _______ chromosomes.

a)

homeostasis

b)

homologous

c)

matching

d)

sister

43.
How does RNA differ from DNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
b)
RNA contains ribose and thymine
c)
RNA contains uracil and ribose
d)
RNA contains adenine and ribose
44.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
45.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

46.

AAA BUILDS WHAT PROTEIN

a)

ASPARAGINE

b)

LYSINE

c)

SERINE

d)

ARGININE

47.

DURING WHAT PROCESS WOULD YOU USE AN AMINO ACID CHART DURING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS?

a)

REPLICATION

b)

TRANSCRIPTION

c)

TRANSLATION

48.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
49.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
50.

Look at this cross: XB XB x Xb Y

What proportion/percent of the male children are colorblind?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

25%

d)

0%

51.

Look at this cross: XBXb x XBY


What proportion of the male children are colorblind?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

52.

H= normal blood clotting

h=hemophilia


XHXh x XHY


What is the probability that any of their offspring will have hemophilia?

a)

4/4

b)

3/4

c)

2/4

d)

1/4

53.
The sex of a child is determined by
a)
whether the father's sperm contains an x or y chromosome
b)
whether the mother's egg contains an x or y chromosome
c)
the age of the parents
54.
An individual's sex is determined by 
a)
1 of 23 chromosomes
b)
2 of 46 chromosomes
c)
4 of 92 chromosomes
55.
Why is the gene for a disease or disorder more likely to be found on the X chromosome than Y?
a)
The X chromosome has many more genes
b)
The Y chromosome has many more genes
56.
Males are more likely to suffer from a sex-linked disease or disorder because
a)
males are the weaker sex
b)
males have less DNA
c)
males have 1 X chromosome, so the disorder is more likely to be expressed

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