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Rocks and Minerals Test Review

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This rock is formed from lava and you would most likely find it near a volcano.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
2.
This rock is changed by heat and pressure.  It is formed in layers.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
3.
Luster is . . . 
a)
The weight of a mineral.
b)
The way light reflects off of a mineral's surface.
c)
The way light reflects off of a rock's surface.
d)
The color left after a mineral is scratched.
4.
What do all rocks have in common?
a)
same size
b)
same color
c)
contain minerals
d)
same shape
5.
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
a)
A rock is an inconsistent mixture of minerals, while a mineral is "pure" and made up of a precise combination of chemicals.
b)
A mineral is an inconsistent mixture of minerals, while a rock is "pure" and made up of a precise combination of chemicals.
c)
A rock is harder than all minerals.
d)
Minerals contain fossils while rocks do not.
6.
Minerals have different properties to help scientists identify them.  Which is NOT a property used to identify minerals?
a)
color
b)
hardness
c)
size
d)
luster
7.
Using the Mohs Hardness Scale (click the text to see the Scale), name two minerals harder than Fluorite.
a)
Talc and Calcite
b)
Gypsum and Quartz
c)
Quartz and Feldspar
d)
Diamond and Talc
8.
A rock is a naturally formed solid made of one or more ________.
a)
elements
b)
chemicals
c)
minerals
9.
The Mohs scale is used to tell the ___________ of a mineral.
a)
color
b)
softness
c)
hardness
10.
Which statement best describes rocks and minerals?
a)
Rocks are soft and minerals are hard.
b)
Rocks are large and minerals are small.
Rocks are large and minerals are small.
c)
Rocks are a mixture of different minerals.
d)
Rocks break into minerals because of weathering.
11.
Use Moh's hardness scale to answer the question. A penny has a hardness of 3.5. Which mineral has a hardness most similar to a penny?
a)
Fluorite
b)
Talc
c)

Diamond

d)
Quartz
12.
Luster is a property that helps identify minerals. What tool would be helpful to determine if a mineral has luster?
a)
Nail
b)
Flashlight
c)
Penny
d)
Ceramic Tile
13.

Jennifer was investigating granite, a type of rock that forms when magma deep below the Earth's crust cools off and hardens. What type of rock is granite?

a)

bedrock

b)

igneous

c)

sedimentary

d)

metamorphic

14.

Mrs. Smith's performed a scratch test using her fingernail, a copper penny, glass, and a steel nail. Which property is Mrs. Smith testing?

a)

streak

b)

cleavage

c)

fracture

d)

hardness

15.

Shale is formed from clay, silt or mud particles that have been compacted together by pressure. What type of rock is shale?

a)

bedrock

b)

igneous

c)

sedimentary

d)

metamorphic

16.

Under what conditions can igneous rock be transformed into metamorphic rock?

a)

if it is forced deep into Earth, where it melts into magma

b)

if it is heated and put under pressure for long periods of time

c)

if layers of sand accumulate over it and harden over a period of time

d)

if it is exposed at the surface and is weathered over a period of time

17.

Sedimentary rock is formed when rock fragments, minerals, and the remains of plants and animals are deposited as sediments and are then

a)

chemically weathered by water.

b)

compacted and cemented together.

c)

recrystallized under the weight of the layers.

d)

melted due to increased temperature and pressure.

18.

Granite is a coarse or medium-grained rock that is rich in quartz and feldspar. It is formed when bodies of magma cool and harden deep below the earth. What type of rock is granite?

a)

bedrock

b)

igneous

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

19.

Jill's teacher made a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and explained that one type of rock is formed when layers of sediment are squeezed and cemented together. After the rock is formed, you can still see the layers in the rock. What kind of rock is described?

a)

mineral rock

b)

igneous

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

20.

Rocks filled with fish fossils and dinosaur tracks are MOST LIKELY

a)

igneous

b)

intrusive

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

21.

____________ rocks that are changed by heat and pressure

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

mineral

22.

Rocks formed by magma and lava cooling and hardening.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

minerals

23.

Rocks formed by compaction and cementation of sediments.

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

d)

minerals

24.
What process is occurring at point A on the diagram of the rock cycle? 
a)
Heat and Pressure
b)
Cooling 
c)
Weathering and Erosion 
d)
Cementation and Compaction 
25.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called the mineral's 
a)
hardness
b)
specific gravity
c)
luster
d)
streak
26.
A mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?
a)
Definite chemical composition
b)
Crystalline Structure
c)
Naturally occurring
d)
All of the following characteristics 
27.
What process is occurring at point B on the diagram of the rock cycle? 
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and Erosion 
28.

What are the particles of weathered rock called?

a)

Sediments

b)

Fossils

c)

Rocks

d)

Minerals

29.

Which missing rock type is the arrow pointing at?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

30.

Which missing rock type is the arrow pointing at?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

31.

Which missing rock type is the arrow pointing at?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

32.

How does a metamorphic rock become an igneous rock?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Melting and cooling

c)

Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

d)

Cycle

33.

How does an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Melting and cooling

c)

Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

d)

Cycling

34.

How does a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Melting and cooling

c)

Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

d)

Cycling

35.

Which material is melting and cooling to become an igneous rock?

a)

Sediments

b)

Sedimentary rocks

c)

Magma

d)

Igneous rocks

36.

Which material is being broken down through weathering and erosion?

a)

Igneous

b)

Magma

c)

Sediments

d)

Sedimentary

37.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
38.
A mineral's resistance to being scratched is called?
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
hardness
d)
heft
39.

The table here shows information on the properties of two minerals.

Based on the data in the table, the most reliable way to tell the difference between hematite and magnetite would be by using which property?

a)

Color

b)

Luster

c)

Streak

d)

Hardness

40.

Scientists test for the hardness of a mineral by doing which of the following?

a)

Measuring the mass of the mineral and comparing it to other minerals of known hardness

b)

Observing the color of the mark the mineral leaves on white tile of known hardness

c)

Observing the color of a mineral and comparing it to other minerals of known hardness

d)

Scratching the mineral against other substances of known hardness

41.

Which of the following best describes cleavage?

a)

The crystal size in a mineral

b)

The color inside a mineral

c)

The way a mineral breaks

d)

The way a mineral was formed

42.

Refer to the Mohs Hardness Scale. A mineral with a hardness of 7 can scratch -

a)

orthoclase feldspar, but cannot scratch talc

b)

calcite, but cannot scratch apatite

c)

topaz, but cannot scratch fluorite

d)

gypsum, but cannot scratch corundum

43.

Information on several minerals is given in this table. If one were to observe samples of the minerals from the table, which two would appear similar in color, but could be distinguished, one from the other, using a streak test?

a)

Hematite and alabandite

b)

Chalcopyrite and platinum

c)

Alabandite and chalcopyrite

d)

Citrine and biotite

44.

A student is given the chart above and is told to identify an unknown mineral. The student observes that the mineral has a glassy luster and a hardness less than 3. What is the identity of the mineral?

a)

Actmite

b)

Cobaltite

c)

Jadeite

d)

Talc

45.

Use the Mohs Hardness Scale below. Which mineral can scratch fluorite, but is scratched by orthoclase feldspar?

a)

Calcite

b)

Talc

c)

Apatite

d)

Diamond

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