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Unit 5 & 6 Review

Total questions: 147

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which movement in the 1700s promoted reason, liberty, and self determination?

a)

The Scientific Revolution

b)

The Renaissance

c)

The Enlightenment

d)

The American Revolution

2.

The Enlightenment created and advanced movements like

a)

Feminism

b)

Socialism

c)

Nationalism

d)

Abolitionism

3.

Which philosopher believed people were born with unalienable rights and that the government should protect them?

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

Robert Owen

d)

Voltaire

4.

Which philosopher believed people were born with unalienable rights and that the government should protect them?

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

Robert Owen

d)

Voltaire

5.

What is the name of the movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation due to intense pride?

a)

A revolution

b)

Protestantism

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Nationalism

6.

Which nations unified in the 1750s to 1900s due to nationalistic movements?

a)

Italy

b)

America

c)

Germany

d)

France

7.

Which of the following revolutions were based on discontent with imperial and monarchist rule?

a)

The American Revolution

b)

The French Revolution

c)

The Haitian Revolution

d)

Ottomanism

8.

Bolivar's "Letters from Jamaica" focused on gaining rights in Latin America for:

a)

All landowning men

b)

Creoles

c)

Slaves

9.

Which nation was the first to industrialize?

a)

Britain

b)

France

c)

Germany

d)

Japan

10.

All of the following helped countries to industrialize except:

a)

Access to waterways

b)

Natural resources like coal

c)

Access to foreign resources and markets

d)

Being colonies of other nations

11.

What effect did specialization of labor have on the workplace?

a)

It led to more unskilled labor in factories

b)

It led to more skilled labor in factories

12.

What effect did specialization of labor have on the workplace?

a)

It led to more unskilled labor in factories

b)

It led to more skilled labor in factories

13.

How did industrialization affect colonies like India and Egypt?

a)

It led to decline in these countries' share of global manufacturing

b)

It led to increase in these countries' share of global manufacturing

14.

The 1st Industrial Revolution focused on factories and steam power. The 2nd Industrial Revolution focused on all of the following except:

a)

Oil

b)

Electricity

c)

The steam engine

d)

Steel

15.

After Britain industrialized, all of these nations followed suit, except:

a)

Japan

b)

America

c)

Russia

d)

India

16.

Which of the following nations promoted their own industrialization in response to western industrialization?

a)

Japan

b)

China

c)

The Ottoman Empire

d)

Italy

17.

As countries embraced Adam Smith's capitalism laissez faire policies, what new forms of business were promoted?

a)

corporations

b)

monopolies

c)

socialism

d)

transnational businesses

18.

As countries embraced Adam Smith's capitalism laissez faire policies, what new forms of business were promoted?

a)

corporations

b)

monopolies

c)

socialism

d)

transnational businesses

19.

All of the following were reactions to industrialization's negative effects on workers except:

a)

Labor unions

b)

Communism

c)

The invisible hand

d)

Utilitarianism

20.

Accurate effects of industrialization on society include

a)

Poor working and living conditions for the lower class

b)

Increased standard of living for middle and upper classes

c)

Lower class families working closer together in their homes

d)

More accessible and cheaper goods

21.

Industrialism in Egypt differed from Industrialism in England in that

a)

It was driven more by the state then independent capitalists

b)

It was driven more by independent capitalists than the state

c)

In did not involve foreign intervention

d)

Machines were adapted much less in production

22.

Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations describes

a)

Utopian Communist communities

b)

Democratic Republicanism

c)

Laissez Faire Economics

d)

Mercantilism as an ideal economic system

23.

Toussant L'Ouverture

a)

was a member of the Committee of Public Safety under Robespierre

b)

rose to the rank of General under Napoleon

c)

was a complete revolutionary failure

d)

helped free slaves in Haiti

24.

Bolivar envisioned

a)

a Grand Columbia united all the liberate South American states

b)

a united Portugal and Spain

c)

a Spanish takeover of Portuguese Brazil

d)

a loosely knit confederation of South American States

25.

Mexico was liberated from

a)

the United States

b)

the Spanish

c)

the Portuguese

d)

the Spanish and later (after a brief take over) the French

26.

The following is associated with the view of the Philosophes

a)

man is created good

b)

there should be no capital punishment

c)

freedom of speech but not the press

d)

all of the above

27.

Industrialism leads to

a)

rapid rural population expansion

b)

an increase of power in landed investors

c)

a shift in the measure of wealth

d)

an demand for skilled craftsmen

28.

Mary Wollstonecraft is associated with

a)

the Industrial Revolution

b)

the Enlightenment

c)

the French Revolution

d)

none of these

29.

Italian unification had as its architect

a)

Bismarck coupled with opportunity

b)

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte

c)

Giuseppe Mazzini

d)

Count Cavour together with the support of Garibaldi

30.

Who best represents a reasoned defense of monarchy

a)

John Locke

b)

Jean Jacques Rousseau

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Rene Descartes

31.

Jean Jacques Dessalines is best know for

a)

his driving French forces from Haiti

b)

his leadership in Latin America

c)

creating the first commercial steam engine

d)

as a Philosophe

32.

Luddites

a)

agitated for better wages for factory workers

b)

were Utopian Socialist

c)

adapted Marxism

d)

hated machines

33.

Under the Tokugawa Japan was

a)

a major trading nation

b)

rapidly industrializing

c)

bankrupt

d)

isolated

34.

Commander Perry is connected to

a)

the opening of Japan for trade

b)

the attack on China during the Opium wars

c)

Russia's rapid growth as a power

d)

the defeat of the Napoleon

35.

Russia's industrial process can best be described as

a)

evolving organically by Russian middle class investors

b)

directed by outside colonial powers

c)

rapid because of the maintenance of serfdom

d)

directed by the state through ministers like Sergei Witte

36.

Russia's industrial process can best be described as

a)

evolving organically by Russian middle class investors

b)

directed by outside colonial powers

c)

rapid because of the maintenance of serfdom

d)

directed by the state through ministers like Sergei Witte

37.

Socialism believes

a)

that the means of production should be communally owned

b)

that the move to a communal society is inevitable

c)

that land should be the measure of wealth

d)

that poverty will always exit

38.

Classical Liberals believe

a)

all of these

b)

that the economy is a natural process

c)

that population will always grow faster than food supply

d)

that poverty will always exit in some form

39.

A 19th century Conservative believes in

a)

money as a measure of wealth

b)

that there should me no attempt to help the poor

c)

the status quo

d)

in an eventual social revolution of the proletariat

40.

Most 19th century liberals were likely

a)

middle class

b)

working class

c)

upper class

d)

peasants

41.

Which of the following revolutions was impacted by Napoleon Bonaparte

a)

French

b)

Haitian

c)

Latin American

d)

All of these

42.

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

a)

Russia

b)

United States

c)

Germany

d)

Great Britain

43.

This concentrated labor in a single location and led to the division of labor

a)

domestic system

b)

cottage industry

c)

factory system

d)

globalization

44.

Invented the steam engine

a)

Thomas Edison

b)

James Watt

c)

James Hargreaves

d)

Henry Bessemer

45.

Invented a process for cheaply mass producing steel

a)

Henry Bessemer

b)

Thomas Edison

c)

Eli Whitney

d)

James Hargreaves

46.

The first industry to be mechanized

a)

textiles

b)

precision machinery

c)

canned food

d)

pencils

47.

The Enclosure Movement forced poor English peasants off their land, with many moving to cities to find work.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

The invention of the cotton gin led to a decrease in slavery in the United States.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

Invented the smallpox vaccine

a)

Aristotle

b)

Marie Curie

c)

Edward Jenner

d)

Louis Pasteur

50.

Germ theory of disease

a)

Louis Pasteur

b)

Edward Jenner

c)

James Hargreaves

d)

Adam Smith

51.

A major goal of labor unions was _________.

a)

strikes

b)

collective bargaining

c)

longer hours

d)

communist revolution

52.

A major goal of labor unions was _________.

a)

strikes

b)

collective bargaining

c)

longer hours

d)

communist revolution

53.

Scottish economist who wrote The Wealth of Nations (1776)

a)

J.S. Mill

b)

Jeremy Bentham

c)

David Hume

d)

Adam Smith

54.

Free market capitalists favor this policy

a)

community cooperatives

b)

mercantilism

c)

laissez faire

d)

maximum regulation

55.

Adam Smith compared the forces of supply and demand in a free market to

a)

the foundation of a house

b)

a revolving wheel

c)

a hammer and nail

d)

an invisible hand

56.

Who wrote the pamphlet The Communist Manifesto in 1848?

a)

Adam Smith and David Hume

b)

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

c)

George Bernard Shaw

d)

Batman and Robin

57.

All of the following are communist beliefs EXCEPT:

a)

need for revolution

b)

class conflict as driving force in history

c)

strong belief in nationalism

d)

inevitability of capitalism's demise

58.

The "second industrial revolution" from 1850 to 1900 featured all of the following EXCEPT

a)

steel

b)

computers

c)

chemicals

d)

electricity

59.

Which movement in the 1700s promoted reason, liberty, and self determination?

a)

The Scientific Revolution

b)

The Renaissance

c)

The Enlightenment

d)

The American Revolution

60.

What is the name of the movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation due to intense pride?

a)

A revolution

b)

Protestantism

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Nationalism

61.

Which philosopher believed people were born with unalienable rights and that the government should protect them?

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

Robert Owen

d)

Voltaire

62.

What is the name of the movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation due to intense pride?

a)

A revolution

b)

Protestantism

c)

Enlightenment

d)

Nationalism

63.

Which nations unified in the 1750s to 1900s due to nationalistic movements?

a)

Italy

b)

America

c)

Germany

d)

France

64.

Which of the following revolutions were based on discontent with imperial and monarchist rule?

a)

The American Revolution

b)

The French Revolution

c)

The Haitian Revolution

d)

Ottomanism

65.

Bolivar's "Letters from Jamaica" focused on gaining rights in Latin America for:

a)

All landowning men

b)

Creoles

c)

Slaves

66.

Bolivar's "Letters from Jamaica" focused on gaining rights in Latin America for:

a)

All landowning men

b)

Creoles

c)

Slaves

67.

Which nation was the first to industrialize?

a)

Britain

b)

France

c)

Germany

d)

Japan

68.

All of the following helped countries to industrialize except:

a)

Access to waterways

b)

Natural resources like coal

c)

Access to foreign resources and markets

d)

Being colonies of other nations

69.

What effect did specialization of labor have on the workplace?

a)

It led to more unskilled labor in factories

b)

It led to more skilled labor in factories

70.

How did industrialization affect colonies like India and Egypt?

a)

It led to decline in these countries' share of global manufacturing

b)

It led to increase in these countries' share of global manufacturing

71.

The 1st Industrial Revolution focused on factories and steam power. The 2nd Industrial Revolution focused on all of the following except:

a)

Oil

b)

Electricity

c)

The steam engine

d)

Steel

72.

After Britain industrialized, all of these nations followed suit, except:

a)

Japan

b)

America

c)

Russia

d)

India

73.

Which of the following nations promoted their own industrialization in response to western industrialization?

a)

Japan

b)

China

c)

The Ottoman Empire

d)

Italy

74.

As countries embraced Adam Smith's capitalism laissez faire policies, what new forms of business were promoted?

a)

corporations

b)

monopolies

c)

socialism

d)

transnational businesses

75.

All of the following were reactions to industrialization's negative effects on workers except:

a)

Labor unions

b)

Communism

c)

The invisible hand

d)

Utilitarianism

76.

All of the following were reactions to industrialization's negative effects on workers except:

a)

Labor unions

b)

Communism

c)

The invisible hand

d)

Utilitarianism

77.

Accurate effects of industrialization on society include

a)

Poor working and living conditions for the lower class

b)

Increased standard of living for middle and upper classes

c)

Lower class families working closer together in their homes

d)

More accessible and cheaper goods

78.

Industrialism in Egypt differed from Industrialism in England in that

a)

It was driven more by the state then independent capitalists

b)

It was driven more by independent capitalists than the state

c)

In did not involve foreign intervention

d)

Machines were adapted much less in production

79.

Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations describes

a)

Utopian Communist communities

b)

Democratic Republicanism

c)

Laissez Faire Economics

d)

Mercantilism as an ideal economic system

80.

Toussant L'Ouverture

a)

was a member of the Committee of Public Safety under Robespierre

b)

rose to the rank of General under Napoleon

c)

was a complete revolutionary failure

d)

helped free slaves in Haiti

81.

Bolivar envisioned

a)

a Grand Columbia united all the liberate South American states

b)

a united Portugal and Spain

c)

a Spanish takeover of Portuguese Brazil

d)

a loosely knit confederation of South American States

82.

Mexico was liberated from

a)

the United States

b)

the Spanish

c)

the Portuguese

d)

the Spanish and later (after a brief take over) the French

83.

The following is associated with the view of the Philosophes

a)

man is created good

b)

there should be no capital punishment

c)

freedom of speech but not the press

d)

all of the above

84.

Industrialism leads to

a)

rapid rural population expansion

b)

an increase of power in landed investors

c)

a shift in the measure of wealth

d)

an demand for skilled craftsmen

85.

Mary Wollstonecraft is associated with

a)

the Industrial Revolution

b)

the Enlightenment

c)

the French Revolution

d)

none of these

86.

Italian unification had as its architect

a)

Bismarck coupled with opportunity

b)

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte

c)

Giuseppe Mazzini

d)

Count Cavour together with the support of Garibaldi

87.

Who best represents a reasoned defense of monarchy

a)

John Locke

b)

Jean Jacques Rousseau

c)

Thomas Hobbes

d)

Rene Descartes

88.

Jean Jacques Dessalines is best know for

a)

his driving French forces from Haiti

b)

his leadership in Latin America

c)

creating the first commercial steam engine

d)

as a Philosophe

89.

Luddites

a)

agitated for better wages for factory workers

b)

were Utopian Socialist

c)

adapted Marxism

d)

hated machines

90.

Under the Tokugawa Japan was

a)

a major trading nation

b)

rapidly industrializing

c)

bankrupt

d)

isolated

91.

Commander Perry is connected to

a)

the opening of Japan for trade

b)

the attack on China during the Opium wars

c)

Russia's rapid growth as a power

d)

the defeat of the Napoleon

92.

Classical Liberals believe

a)

all of these

b)

that the economy is a natural process

c)

that population will always grow faster than food supply

d)

that poverty will always exit in some form

93.

Which of the following revolutions was impacted by Napoleon Bonaparte

a)

French

b)

Haitian

c)

Latin American

d)

All of these

94.

Most 19th century liberals were likely

a)

middle class

b)

working class

c)

upper class

d)

peasants

95.

What is the movement of people from farms to cities?

a)

Utilitarianism

b)

Urbanization

c)

Proletariat

d)

Enclosure Movement

96.

A place where people and machines join together to mass produce goods.

a)

Cartel

b)

Corporation

c)

Factory

d)

Urbanization

97.

The Industrial revolution created a new ____________ class.

a)

Upper

b)

Poor

c)

Lower

d)

Middle

98.

Known as the Father of modern economics, author of Wealth of Nations, based on the principle of Laissez-Faire?

a)

Adam Smith

b)

David Ricardo

c)

Thomas Malthus

d)

John Wesley

99.

Some of the machines invented in the 18th and 19th centuries are:

a)

telephones, geographic positioning system, radios, airplanes

b)

steam engine, railroads, flying shuttle, phonograph, steam ships, light bulb

c)

sailboats, automobiles, wheel barrels, clocks, word processors

d)

automatic washer, hair dryer, rockets, space shuttles

100.

Which of the following is considered an impact of Industrialization during the 18th and 19th centuries?

a)

Increased competition between industrialized nations

b)

Rise of global inequalities

c)

Transformation of society.

d)

All of the above

101.

Capitalism is

a)

An economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and money is invested to make profits.

b)

An economic system in which the means of production are owned by the public (government) and operate for the welfare of all.

102.
Socialism is
a)
an economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
b)
an economic system in which the factors of production are privately owned and money is invested in business ventures to make a profit.
103.
Who designed the first efficient steam engine?
a)
James Hargreaves
b)
John Kay
c)
Richard Arkwright
d)
James Watt
104.
Who is the famous historical figure shown below? He wrote the famous phrase: "Workers of the world unite!"
a)
John Adams 
b)
Thomas Smith
c)
Karl Marx
d)
Edward Jenner
105.
Which of the following describes an accurate similarity between the Qing and Russian empires in the 18th and 19th centuries?
a)
Both relied heavily on maritime trade as a source of material goods.
b)
Both successfully resisted pressure from industrialized powers.
c)
Both were heavily influenced by the intellectual work of Jesuit missionaries.
d)
Both had vast territories with peoples of various ethnicities and languages.
106.
Which of the following scientific concepts had the greatest role in providing a justification for imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
a)
Louis Pasteur's germ theory of disease
b)
Charles Darwin's Theory of evolution
c)
Albert Einstein's theory of relativity
d)
Marie Curie's theory of radio activity
107.
By 1830 revolutions in the Atlantic world resulted in which of the following changes?
a)
The political independence of colonies in both North and South America
b)
The emancipation of slaves everywhere in t he Atlantic world
c)
Political and economic domination of the Western Hemisphere by the United States
d)
The creation of a politically unified South America
108.
By 1830 revolutions in the Atlantic world resulted in which of the following changes?
a)
The political independence of colonies in both North and South America
b)
The emancipation of slaves everywhere in t he Atlantic world
c)
Political and economic domination of the Western Hemisphere by the United States
d)
The creation of a politically unified South America
109.
The "Second Industrial Revolution" in the last half of the 19th century was associated with the mass production of which of the following groups of products?
a)
Textiles, iron, and coal
b)
Textiles, automobiles, and planes
c)
Electricity, ships, and radios
d)
Electricity, steel, and chemicals
110.
In the late 19th century, European imperialism in both Africa and China was characterized by
a)
Widespread trade in opium
b)
The encouragement of slavery
c)
Small military enclaves along coastlines
d)
Competition among imperialist powers
111.
The US Bill of Rights and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen reflect a shared concern for
a)
Physical elimination of the ruling class
b)
Confiscation of church property
c)
Protection of private property
d)
Preservation of the monarcy
112.
Which of the following describes the effect of skin color, ethnicity, and former slave status in Latin America in the late 19th century?
a)
There was little effect for most people
b)
Marriage alliances among all classes and castes eliminated the effect on all three
c)
Large numbers of people of color migrated to the newly "Reconstructed" southern United States
d)
There continued to be discrimination on the basis of all three factors.
113.
Which of the following best characterizes Western imperialist expansion in the late 19th century?
a)
Western fears of the spread of Japanese influence
b)
Western investment to create self-sufficient economies in the new colonies
c)
An unprecedented amount of territory colonized in a short period of time
d)
The decline of British and United States influence in international affairs
114.
The American desire for a trade relationship with Japan in 1853 led to
a)
The overthrow of the shogun and the modernization of the country
b)
Increased tensions between China and Korea
c)
Greater Russian influence in Manchuria
d)
The colonization of Taiwan
115.
In the 18th century, MOST revolutionary leaders tended to be members of the
a)
Slave class
b)
Working class
c)
Catholic clergy
d)
Educated middle class
116.
Which of the following statements best describes the significance of Social Darwinism?
a)
It was a significant breakthrough in revolutionary theory
b)
It led to an increase in urbanization throughout much of Europe
c)
It influenced the development of the factory model of production
d)
It was used as a justification for the inferior treatment of colonial people
117.
The first republic to grant equality to all its citizens in the Western Hemisphere was
a)
The United States
b)
Bolivia
c)
Haiti
d)
Jamaica
118.
The beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was most influenced by which of the following factors?
a)
The amount and location of British petroleum reserves
b)
The location and large number of British coal deposits
c)
The aggressive promotion of industrialization by George III
d)
The spread of cotton cultivation in southern England
119.
Liberalism should be viewed as a political ideology that
a)
Supported the transition to an industrial, capitalist society
b)
Is the ideological predecessor to socialism
c)
Developed in response to European colonialism
d)
Grew out of the labor movement
120.
Efforts at industrialization in Russia and Japan were similar in that 
a)
Both began in the early 19th century
b)
Both followed the termination of long-established institutions
c)
Both countries developed more centralized governments
d)
Both countries widely adopted Western practices
121.
The Meiji reforms in Japan resulted in
a)
The strengthening of hte power of regional lords at the expense of the emperor
b)
A shift of power away from regional lords and to the emperor
c)
The Tokugawa shogunate's adoption of a unified civil code
d)
The overthrow of the imperial system for a democratic republic
122.
The Haitian revolution was the only revolution of the period 1750 to 1900 that was initiated and fought by
a)
Creoles
b)
Mestizos
c)
Foreign mercenaries
d)
Slaves
123.
Imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was a result of all of the following except
a)
Nationalism
b)
Social Darwinism
c)
Industrialization
d)
Socialism
124.
Which of the following was NOT a reason India had become Britain's most important colony by about 1800?
a)
India offered crucial port facilities for the British navy.
b)
India was a major outlet for British manufactured goods.
c)
India was an important supplier of British raw materials.
d)
India was an important location for British textile factories.
125.
Which of the following European developments is most closely associated with the revolution in Haiti?
a)
The Protestant Reformation
b)
The Russian Revolution
c)
The French Revolution
d)
The Industrial Revolution
126.
Which of the following African regions was able to defeat European powers in the 19th century?
a)
Liberia
b)
Ethiopia
c)
Egypt
d)
Morocco
127.
Which of the following African regions was able to defeat European powers in the 19th century?
a)
Liberia
b)
Ethiopia
c)
Egypt
d)
Morocco
128.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the growth of nationalism in the 19th century?
a)
War and conflict were often used as vehicles to unite the people
b)
The transition to nationhood was usually smooth with little internal conflict
c)
Only European nations experienced a growth in nationalism
d)
European imperialism prevented the rise of nationalism in Asia
129.
The American and French Revolutions were both caused in part by
a)
Food shortages owing to poor harvests
b)
Problems of royal succession
c)
High taxation that bred discontent
d)
Lack of social mobility in the peasant class
130.
All of the following are factors stimulating industrialization EXCEPT
a)
An organized union movement
b)
An ample population to serve as a workforce
c)
Investment in Capital
d)
Access to natural resources
131.
The Berlin Conference of 1885 was able to
a)
Partition China so that Germany benefited
b)
Deal with economic problems in Asia
c)
Resolve issues of European rivalry in Africa
d)
Bring all of Africa under European control
132.
Which of the following was a widespread social consequence of industrialization in the 1800s?
a)
A decline in the social status of women
b)
An increase in the power and prestige of the landowning aristocracy
c)
The general leveling of social hierarchies based on wealth
d)
The creation of a wage-earning working class concentrated in urban areas
133.
A major factor in the expansion of industrialization was the development of
a)
Socialism
b)
Feudalism
c)
Land grants
d)
Railroads
134.
Before 1870, the European presence in Africa was characterized primarily by
a)
Military conquests of large territories administered as military states
b)
Intense colonization and settlement of large areas
c)
Coastal enclaves for trade and a few settlements
d)
Active international action
135.
Which of the following is most likely to have influenced 18th century population trends in both Europe and China?
a)
A sharp decline in average global temperatures
b)
Introduction of Western Hemisphere crops
c)
Innovation in birth control measures
d)
Improvement in surgical procedures
136.

Which of the following was the most important cause of discontent among the French peasantry in the decades leading up to the French Revolution?

a)

The failure of the government to encourage significant emigration to Canada

b)

The efforts by many landowners to revive various kinds of taxes and feudal dues

c)

The spread of Enlightenment critiques of organized religion

d)

The drafting of large numbers of peasants to serve in the French army

e)

The creation of large numbers of robe nobles by the French monarchy

137.

All of the following were achieved by women during the French Revolution except

a)

Their demands for change were represented in the cahiers along with those of the men

b)

They marched to Versailles to bring the king and his family back to Paris

c)

They published a Declaration of the Rights of Women in response to the French Constitution of 1791

d)

They gained proportional representation in the chamber of deputies

e)

They participated in the revolutionary clubs, including the Confederation of the Friends of the Truth

138.

Which of the following best characterizes 18th century France just prior to the Revolution of 1789?

a)

The economic status of the peasantry was improving dramatically

b)

The aristocracy’s power had eroded completely

c)

The privileges of the clergy were declining

d)

The French monarchy was experiencing a deepening financial crisis

e)

The participation of the bourgeoisie in legislative affairs was increasing dramatically

139.

The armies of revolutionary France enjoyed which of the following advantages over the armies of the major European monarchs?

a)

A better supply system

b)

Superior training and more practice in drills

c)

Technologically advanced weaponry

d)

Older and more experienced soldiers

e)

Greater patriotism and morale

140.

The Tennis Court Oath symbolized

a)

The resolve of the National Assembly to create a new constitution

b)

The desire of the National Assembly to behead the king and queen

c)

The resolve of the 1st and 2nd Estates to resist change

d)

The resolve of the monarchy to resist change

e)

The determination of Robespierre to eliminate all enemies of the state

141.

Which of the following acted as a major intellectual cause of the French Revolution

a)

The revival of classical art and architecture

b)

Enlightenment ideals of natural law and equality

c)

Descartes’ dualism of mind and matter

d)

Hobbes’s theories of human nature

e)

John Wesley’s Methodist revival in religion

142.
Which statement accurately describes Bolivar's background?
a)
Bolivar was a Venezuelan aristocrat of Spanish descent who was educated in Europe.
b)
Bolivar was a a priest who led the independence movement in Mexico.
c)
Bolivar was a Brazilian nationalist who believed in a monarch.
d)
Bolivar was a freed slave who led the independence movement for Haiti.  
143.
Who did Bolivar believe should have voting rights?  
a)
All citizens.
b)
All male citizens.
c)
All female citizens.
d)
Citizens who belonged to an elite group.  
144.
According to Bolivar, which political cause contributed to the Latin American Revolution?
a)
All Latin American countries were a democracy.
b)
Latin American citizens had representatives in Spain.
c)
Latin Americans had no right to own land.  
d)
Latin Americans had no say in government.  
145.
Which social class did Bolivar belong to?
a)
Peninsulares
b)
Creoles
c)
Mestizos
d)
Enslaved Persons
146.
What was the purpose of Bolivar's Jamaica Letter?
a)
To explain to Spain why the colonists would break away.
b)
To explain to the natives the need to unite against Spain. 
c)
To explain the social and political situation of Latin America and the possible future of the new nations that would be created.
d)
To explain why Spain should continue to control her colonies.
147.
What was the main factor in determining a person's social status in Spain's colonies in Latin America?
a)
Race
b)
Wealth
c)
Politics
d)
Religion