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Worksheets

Medical Botany Exam 2 Practice

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

This is one of the two common forms of cardiac glycosides found in many different plants.

a)

atropine

b)

arecoline

c)

bufadienolides

d)

physostigmine

e)

tubocurarine

2.
This refers to the similarity of phytochemicals in unrelated organisms as a result of convergent evolution.
a)
intelligent design
b)
manifest destiny
c)
functional groupings
d)
navigation structure
e)
privileged structure
3.
Traditional name for illness characterized by retention of fluid in tissues due to congestive heart failure and poor circulation.
a)
dysentery
b)
dropsy
c)
consumption
d)
quinsy
e)
grippe
4.

These toxins prevent voltage-gated sodium channels from closing, and may cause tingling sensations, paralysis, or heart failure.

a)

cardiac glycosides

b)

adrenaline and noradrenaline

c)

opium alkaloids

d)

aconite alkaloids

e)

curarines

5.
Medicines from this plant were sometimes prescribed for epilepsy, and had the side-effect of xanthopsia, or yellow-tinted vision.
a)
Tobacco
b)
Verbena
c)
Foxglove
d)
Gingko
e)
Belladonna
6.
Active transport of these ions to the exterior of a neuron helps to establish the membrane potential.
a)
Sodium
b)
Potassium
c)
Calcium
d)
Zinc
e)
Chlorine
7.
These nerves monitor the body’s position and external conditions and control skeletal muscle.
a)
autonomic
b)
sympathetic
c)
parasympathetic
d)
somatic
e)
rheumatic
8.
This division of the autonomic nervous system is most active in times of relaxation.
a)
sympathetic
b)
parasympathetic
c)
somatic
d)
peripheral
e)
transformative
9.

This alkaloid, from Chondrodendron tomentosa (Velvet Leaf), was previously used to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery.

a)

anisodine

b)

arecoline

c)

reserpine

d)

tubocurarine

e)

physostigmine

10.
This alkaloid from the Calabar bean can be used as an antidote for atropine poisoning.
a)
anisodine
b)
arecoline
c)
reserpine
d)
tubocurarine
e)
physostigmine
11.
Tobacco is a member of this family, famous for the production of toxic alkaloids.
a)
Scrophulariaceae
b)
Solanaceae
c)
Apiaceae
d)
Asteraceae
e)
Fabaceae
12.
This alkaloid has a mixed agonist–antagonist effect at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and is used in smoking cessation aids.
a)
nicotine
b)
arecoline
c)
lobeline
d)
anisodine
e)
hyoscine
13.
This alkaloid has psychoactive effects similar to nicotine, and is used socially to bring about feelings of relaxation and euphoria.
a)
anisodine
b)
arecoline
c)
reserpine
d)
tubocurarine
e)
physostigmine
14.

This medicinal root has been used since the time of ancient Greece and Rome as a remedy for anxiety, and laboratory research suggests it acts on GABA receptors.

a)

Valerian

b)

Chamomile

c)

Hops

d)

St. John's Wort

e)

Mormon Tea

15.
This proteolytic enzyme, found in pineapples, is purported to treat chronic inflammation and osteoarthritis.
a)
chymopapain
b)
genistein
c)
capsaicin
d)
bromelain
e)
tetrahydrocannabinol
16.

These spicy phytochemicals work by intercepting pain signals sent to the brain from inflamed joints.

a)

tetrahydrocannabinol

b)

bromelain

c)

genistein

d)

capsaicin

e)

chymopapain

17.
Trichomes on the leaves of this plant can inject histamine and other chemicals, resulting in contact dermatitis.
a)
Poison Ivy
b)
Stinging Nettle
c)
Tobacco
d)
Kava
e)
Arnica
18.
This pepper relative is a native of the Pacific Islands, and the roots are used to produce a drink with sedative and euphoriant properties.
a)
Ginger
b)
Turmeric
c)
Kava
d)
Red Pepper
e)
Arnica
19.
The flowers of this sunflower relative are used to produce an herbal remedy for bruises and arthritis pain.
a)
Chamomile
b)
Arnica
c)
Verbena
d)
Echinacea
e)
Kava
20.
This is the scientific name of the Sunflower or Daisy family
a)
Apiaceae
b)
Solanaceae
c)
Asteraceae
d)
Piperaceae
e)
Poaceae
21.
The main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, which among other things, induces skeletal muscle contraction.
a)
atropine
b)
acetylcholine
c)
pilocarpine
d)
ephedrine
e)
tryptophan
22.
These receptors are activated by acetylcholine.
a)
G protein-coupled
b)
Enzyme-linked
c)
adrenergic
d)
cholinergic
e)
glial
23.
These are G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by epinephrine and norepinephrine.
a)
somatic
b)
Enzyme-linked
c)
adrenergic
d)
cholinergic
e)
glial
24.
This is a chemical that binds to and activates a receptor to produce a biological response.
a)
antagonist
b)
agonist
c)
analgesic
d)
anesthetic
e)
synapse
25.
This plant alkaloid is used to treat poisoning by substances that interfere with the transmission of acetylcholine signaling.
a)
atropine
b)
scopolamine
c)
physostigmine
d)
Dopamine
e)
serotonin
26.
The arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal causes _________________ to enter the neuron.
a)
sodium ions
b)
neurotransmitters
c)
calcium ions
d)
hormones
e)
acetylcholinesterase
27.
These cytoplasmic extensions around the cell body help neurons receive information from other cells.
a)
synapses
b)
axons
c)
ganglia
d)
pseudopodia
e)
dendrites
28.
These nerves are most active in times of relaxation.
a)
neuroglial
b)
somatic
c)
autonomic
d)
parasympathetic
e)
sympathetic
29.
These nerves regulate the body’s internal state; they control smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.
a)
neuroglial
b)
somatic
c)
autonomic
d)
adrenergic
e)
cholinergic
30.
This is the scientific name of the Carrot family
a)
Apiaceae
b)
Solanaceae
c)
Asteraceae
d)
Piperaceae
e)
Poaceae
31.
The active ingredient in ma-huang is an alkaloid that acts as a _______________ on the _____________________ nervous system.
a)
agonist, sympathetic
b)
antagonist, sympathetic
c)
agonist, parasympathetic
d)
antagonist, parasympathetic
e)
antagonist, somatic
32.
The active ingredient in ma-huang is …
a)
atropine
b)
hyoscine
c)
arecoline
d)
ephedrine
e)
pilocarpine
33.
These alkaloids are derived from foxglove and act on the enzyme known as sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphate.
a)
anisodine and anisodamine
b)
hyoscine and scopolamine
c)
digoxin, digitoxin, and digitalin
d)
aconitine, cocaine
e)
morphine, codeine
34.
Cardiac glycosides digoxin and digitoxin act on these structures in neuron membranes.
a)
sodium-potassium cotransporters
b)
voltage-gated sodium channels
c)
synaptic clefts
d)
synaptic vescicles
e)
passive transporters
35.
This is any drug that is used to induce a temporary loss of sensation or awareness.
a)
opioid
b)
narcotic
c)
emetic
d)
anesthetic
e)
analgesic
36.
This is any drug that is used to provide relief from pain.
a)
opioid
b)
narcotic
c)
emetic
d)
anesthetic
e)
analgesic
37.
This plant alkaloid is widely used as a stimulant and is the namesake of a common type of acetylcholine receptor in humans.
a)
caffeine
b)
nicotine
c)
ephedrine
d)
muscarine
e)
arecoline
38.
In spite of its common name, the plant that provides lobeline is not related to other members of the Solanaceae
a)
Betal Palm
b)
Indian Tobacco
c)
Chile Pepper
d)
Henbane Bell
e)
Calabar Bean
39.
How does lobeline act on the PNS?
a)
agonist, somatic NS
b)
agonist, sympathetic NS
c)
antagonist, sympathetic NS
d)
agonist, parasympathetic NS
e)
antagonist, parasympathetic NS
40.
These alkaloids affect the PNS and are found in mushrooms like fly agaric.
a)
atropine
b)
hyoscine
c)
muscarine
d)
reserpine
e)
anisodine
41.

This alkaloid from South American Jaborandi may be prescribed in cases of ocular hypertension or to prevent dry mouth.

a)

pilocarpine

b)

muscarine

c)

hyoscine

d)

capsaicin

e)

anisodine

42.
An estimated 600 million people indulge in the seeds of this palm for their euphoric effects; however, its use is illegal in the U.S.
a)
Ephedra sinica
b)
Areca catechu
c)
Carica papaya
d)
Curcuma longa
e)
Plantago ovata
43.

The scientific name of this plant is a tribute to Atropos, one of the three Greek goddesses of fate, who is responsible for cutting the thread of life.

a)

belladonna

b)

foxglove

c)

Lavender

d)

Witch Hazel

e)

Ispaghula

44.

Alkaloids from this plant were included in so-called "magic brews" but are now used to combat nausea and to decrease saliva production.

a)

physostigmine

b)

ephedrine

c)

arecoline

d)

lobeline

e)

hyoscine

45.
This Nightshade relative is native to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and is important in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
a)
Myoxylon balsamum
b)
Ephedra sinica
c)
Anisodus tanguticus
d)
Vitellaria paradoxa
e)
Croton lechleri
46.
The roots of this black pepper relative are used to produce a drink with mildly sedative and euphoriant properties, popular in South Pacific Islands where is served during social gatherings.
a)
Betel Palm
b)
Kava
c)
Gympie-Gympie
d)
Valerian Root
e)
Turmeric
47.

Hypericum perforatum has traditionally been used for a nerve tonic and today is recommended as an herbal remedy for mild depression. What is the common name of this species?

a)

St. John's Wort

b)

Peppermint

c)

Lavender

d)

Valerian Root

e)

Passion Flower

48.
The isoflavone genistein from soybeans was the inspiration for this synthetic drug, used to improve bone density and for the treatment of osteoporosis.
a)
chymopapain
b)
avenanthramide
c)
hecogenin
d)
podophyllotoxin
e)
ipriflavone
49.
In addition to its culinary use, this ginger relative is said to have anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic activities.
a)
turmeric
b)
kava
c)
pineapple
d)
chile pepper
e)
garlic
50.
This grass is used in a wide range of skincare products.
a)
Avena sativa
b)
Poa pratensis
c)
Vitellaria paradoxa
d)
Toxicodendron radicans
e)
Ammi majus
51.

This saponin comes from yams and is used in the production of cortisone and hydrocortisone.

a)

psyllium

b)

methoxsalen

c)

chrysarobin

d)

diosgenin

e)

emodin

52.
This steroid comes from sisal (Agave sisalana) and is used to in the production of corticosteroids.
a)
diosgenin
b)
hecogenin
c)
bromalain
d)
emodin
e)
glycyrrihizic acid
53.

This carrot relative, commonly called gotu kola, is used to treat wounds, burns, and scars.

a)

Centella asiatica

b)

Vataireopsis araroba

c)

Ammi majus

d)

Melaleuca alternifolia

e)

Myoxylon balsamum

54.
This carrot relative is an important source of psoralens, including methoxsalen, used in PUVA therapy.
a)
Centella asiatica
b)
Vataireopsis araroba
c)
Ammi majus
d)
Melaleuca alternifolia
e)
Myoxylon balsamum
55.
This chemical contributes to the medicinal properties of green tea.
a)
psyllium
b)
shogaol
c)
urushiol
d)
epigallocatechin gallate
e)
helenalin
56.
This plant is the source of benzyl benzoate, used in pharmaceutical preparations to treat scabies.
a)
Witch Hazel
b)
Peru Balsum
c)
Mayapple
d)
Dragon's Blood
e)
Calendula
57.
This is the common name for the fats extracted from the fruits of Vitellaria paradoxa, widely used in cosmetics as a moisturizer and lotion.
a)
calendula oil
b)
olive oil
c)
shea butter
d)
coconut oil
e)
goa powder
58.

This is the term for a medicine that provides a remedy for nausea and vomiting.

a)

emetic

b)

antiemetic

c)

peptic

d)

astringent

e)

helminthic

59.
When dried, ginger rhizomes form this pungent compound.
a)
piperine
b)
capsaicin
c)
gingerol
d)
shogaol
e)
zingerone
60.

This is the active ingredient that lends medicinal properties to common licorice.

a)

psyllium

b)

lectin

c)

catechin

d)

methoxsalen

e)

glycyrrhizin

61.
Ispaghula (Plantago ovata) is the source of this dietary fiber used in a variety of laxative products.
a)
psyllium
b)
lectin
c)
diosgenin
d)
mytesi
e)
glycyrrhizin
62.
This plant is the source of crofelemer (Mytesi) used for the treatment of diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome.
a)
Blond Plantain
b)
Peru Balsum
c)
Mayapple
d)
Dragon's Blood
e)
Calendula
63.
This plant is famous as a cure for amoebic dysentery as well as being an old-fashioned remedy for acute poisonings.
a)
Ipecac
b)
Mayapple
c)
Dragon's Blood
d)
Calendula Oil
e)
St. John's Wort
64.

This is the general name for toxins found in green potatoes.

a)

curarines

b)

aconite alkaloids

c)

glycoalkaloids

d)

lactones

e)

lectins

65.

These toxins occur in beans, but are rendered harmless through cooking.

a)

curarines

b)

aconite alkaloids

c)

glycoalkaloids

d)

lactones

e)

lectins