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E.S.S. 1 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 3hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A prediction about a problem that can be tested is a(n) ____.

a)

HYPOTHESIS

b)

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

c)

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

d)

CONTROL

2.

One benefit of the SI system is that it is ____.

a)

not used to measure temperature

b)

based on units of 100

c)

based on multiples of ten

d)

not used in the United States

3.

The SI unit for energy is the ____.

a)

GRAM

b)

CALORIE

c)

METER PER SECOND

d)

JOULE

4.

A camera is an example of ____.

a)

AN EXPERIMENT

b)

TECHNOLOGY

c)

A ROBOT

d)

A SCIENTIFIC METHOD

5.

Limitations of models include ____.

a)

THE ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE

b)

THE ABILITY TO TEST PREDICTIONS

c)

THE TENDENCY TO CHANGE

d)

THE ABILITY TO SAVE TIME

6.

A factor that is manipulated in an experiment to change the dependent variable is the ____.

a)

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

b)

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

c)

CONSTANT

d)

CONTROL

7.

The process of gathering information through the senses is called ____.

a)

HYPOTHESIS

b)

OBSERVATION

c)

ANALYSIS

d)

INFERENCE

8.

Science cannot answer questions about ____.

a)

THE NATURAL WORLD

b)

DISTANCE

c)

TEMPERATURE

d)

POLITICS

9.

An idea, event, or object can be represented by a ____ to help people better understand it.

a)

CONSTANT

b)

LAW

c)

MODEL

d)

HYPOTHESIS

10.

The size of the gravitational force between two objects depends on their ____.

a)

INERTIA

b)

FRICTIONAL FORCES

c)

MASSES AND THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THEM

d)

SPEED AND DIRECTION

11.

The variable plotted on the horizontal or x-axis is called the ____.

a)

VARIABLE WITH THE LARGEST RANGE

b)

VARIABLE WITH THE SMALLEST RANGE

c)

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

d)

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

12.

Another term for technology is ____.

a)

APPLIED SCEINCE

b)

MATTER

c)

ENERGY

d)

PURE SCIENCE

13.

An explanation of an event that is based on repeated observations and experiments is a ____.

a)

PROBLEM

b)

HYPOTHESIS

c)

THEORY

d)

LAW

14.

A factor that does NOT change in an experiment is the ____.

a)

HYPOTHESIS

b)

CONTROL

c)

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

d)

CONSTANT

15.

An engineer is responsible for:

a)

RESEARCHING SCIENTIFIC LAWS/THEORIES

b)

RUNNING SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS

c)

BRINGING TECHNOLOGIES TO SOCIETY

d)

NONE OF THE RESPONSES ARE CORRECT

16.

The process of learning more about the natural world is ____.

a)

A HYPOTHESIS

b)

AN EXPERIMENT

c)

A CONTROL

d)

SCIENCE

17.

It is important to ____ when drawing conclusions from scientific information.

a)

KEEP NOTES

b)

MAKE UP YOUR MIND

c)

KEEP INFORMATION TO YOURSELF

d)

KEEP AN OPEN MIND

18.

The factor being measured in an experiment is the ____.

a)

HYPOTHESIS

b)

VARIABLE

c)

CONTROL

d)

SCIENTIFIC LAW

19.

The three branches of science are Life , Earth, and _____.

a)

SPACE

b)

CHEMISTRY

c)

PHYSICAL SCIENCE

d)

GEOLOGY

20.

To ____ means to draw a conclusion based on something you observe.

a)

CONTROL

b)

GUESS

c)

INFER

d)

MODEL

21.

This type of telescope has a large dish-style antenna and several of these can be placed together to collect communication signals from outer space or to “listen” to pulsar stars:

a)

REFLECTING TELESCOPES

b)

X-RAY TELESCOPES

c)


RADIO TELESCOPES

d)

NANO TELESCOPES

22.

The James Webb Space Telescope that has now launched (finally!) replaced:

a)

Chandra X-Ray Telescope

b)

Hubble Space Telescope

c)

The VLA Telescope

d)

Arecibo Telescope

23.

The Sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into ____ atoms in its core.

a)

carbon

b)

hydrogen

c)

helium

d)

carbon

24.

About 90 percent of the stars in space are ____ stars.

a)

proto

b)

neutron

c)

red giant

d)

main sequence

25.

Prominences and flares on the Sun are related to sunspots because they are all caused by ____.

a)

intense magnetic fields.

b)

too much heat.

c)

electricity.

d)

Earth's orbit around the Sun.

26.

The Big Bang theory of the formation and expansion of the universe is supported by the observed ____.

a)

SHORTER WAVELENGTHS OF LIGHT

b)

THE "BIG CRUNCH"

c)

BUE SHIFT

d)

RED SHIFT

27.

The balance between fusion (inside force & gravity (outside force) in a star is called:

a)

red shift

b)

stellar equilibrium

c)

parallax

d)

cosmology

28.

Why is it when we look up into the vast regions of the universe we are actually looking into the past when we see the stars, planets & moons?

a)

Because it takes light time to travel in space- the further we look out- the longer it has taken the light to reach Earth.

b)

We are not looking into the past- we would be looking into the future- light from Earth must reach those far objects to be seen.

c)

The universe has no age- all nebulas/stars/galaxies have always existed exactly as we view them through a telescope.

d)

None of the responses are correct.

29.

A ____ is a region so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravity field:

a)

white dwarf

b)

supernova

c)

black hole

d)

supergiant

30.

These help astronomers see through layers of atmosphere and probe for changes to make corrections for “bad” viewing conditions.

a)

CONCAVE & CONVEX LENSES

b)

X-RAY & INFARED RAYS

c)


REFLECTING AND REFRACTING LENSES

d)

ADAPTIVE AND ACTIVE OPTICS

31.

A red shift in the spectrum of the light from an object indicates the object is moving ____ you.

a)

away from

b)

at right angle to

c)

toward

d)

None of the responses are correct.

32.

A graph that shows the relationship of a star's temperature to its absolute magnitude:

a)

Astrochart

b)

HR Diagram

c)

constellation

d)

horoscope

33.

What evidence do we have to support the Big Bang Theory?

a)

Hubble Red Shift as well as Cosmic Background Radiation.

b)


We do not have evidence to support the Big Bang Theory.

c)

Earth orbits around the Sun.

d)


Stellar Equilibrium and Fusion.

34.

A sequence of star colors from hottest to coolest is ____.

a)

red, orange, yellow, blue

b)


blue, red, yellow, orange

c)

blue, yellow, orange, red

d)

yellow, blue, orange, red

35.

The distance measurements based on the speed of light; used for objects in space

a)

NANOMETER

b)

ASTRONOMICAL UNIT

c)

KILOMETER

d)

LIGHT YEAR

36.

The intense magnetic fields of sunspots cause archlike eruptions called ____.

a)

photosphere

b)

prominences

c)

corona

d)

solar eclipse

37.

The number of observed sunspots, prominences, and flares increases in a cycle that occurs every ____ years.

a)

11

b)

15

c)

20

d)

31

38.

A group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity is a ____.

a)

local group

b)

constellation

c)

HR Diagram

d)

galaxy

39.

A star begins as a ____, a large cloud of gas and dust.

a)

giant

b)

nebula

c)

dwarf

d)

black hole

40.

These types of telescopes study objects in visible light:

a)

gamma ray

b)

x-ray telescopes

c)

optical telescopes

41.

Mars is being researched for the possibility of life existing (or life once having existed) because:

a)

It has more oxygen in it's atmosphere than Earth.

b)

The presence of hydrocarbons (in organic substances) has been found on it's surface.

c)

There has been liquid water present on it's surface at certain times of the year.

d)


It may have an under ice ocean 2 times larger than all water on Earth.

42.

A planet will travel ____ in speed as it approaches the Sun.

a)

faster

b)

slower

c)

backwards

d)

zero km/hr

43.

This planet has no true atmosphere.

a)

Mars

b)

Mercury

c)

Saturn

d)

Jupiter

44.

____ was the first planet studied by the Voyager space probes.

a)

Neptune

b)

Uranus

c)

Saturn

d)

Jupiter

45.

Water is found as a solid, liquid, and gas on ____.

a)

Pluto

b)

Earth

c)

Venus

d)

Mercury

46.

This planet has dark-colored storms and eight moons:

a)

Neptune

b)

Uranus

c)

Jupiter

d)

Venus

47.

This planet has iron oxide in it's soil and polar ice caps:

a)

Mars

b)

Uranus

c)

Pluto

d)

Venus

48.

This is the largest planet in our solar system- 3 Earth's could fit into it's "Giant Red Spot", 1,300 Earth's could fit into the entire planet!

a)

Neptune

b)

Saturn

c)

Uranus

d)

Jupiter

49.

This planet has axis of rotation tilted on its side:

a)

Earth

b)

Uranus

c)

Saturn

d)

Mars

50.

This planet has the most complex ring system (perhaps up to 1,000 total divided into 8 "major rings"):

a)

Titan

b)

Europa

c)

Saturn

d)

Neptune

51.

Titan (a moon of Mars) is being researched for the possibility of life existing because of:

a)


The runaway greenhouse effect warming the moon for life to occur.

b)

The presence of hydrocarbons (in organic substances) on it's surface.

c)

The possibility of a large under ice ocean with 2 times the water on the Earth's surface.

d)

Liquid water being present on it's surface at certain times of the year.

52.

This planet has a runaway greenhouse effect that causes extremely high surface temperatures:

a)

Mars

b)

Saturn

c)

Mercury

d)

Venus

53.

Scientists know the least about the planetoid ____.

a)

Pluto

b)

Neptune

c)

Ceres

d)

Mercury

54.

Europa (a moon of Jupiter) is being researched for the possibility of life on it's surface due to:

a)

The fact that Europa is the closest Moon to the surface of Jupiter.

b)


The possibility of a large under ice ocean with 2 times more water than the surface of the Earth.

c)

The presence of hydrocarbons (in organic substances) on it's surface.

d)

The fact that Europa is the closest Moon to the surface of Jupiter.

55.

Ptolemy’s _____model of the Solar System (earth being the center) was later disproven by Copernicus (and others).

a)

geocentric

b)

heliocentric

c)

lunacentric

d)

None of the responses are correct.

56.

Methane absorbs the red and yellow light on ____ & _____, while the clouds of these planets reflect the green and blue light.

a)

Earth & Mars

b)

Uranus & Neptune

c)

Saturn & Jupiter

d)

Neptune & Venus

57.

Studying life on other worlds is the science of:

a)

exogeology

b)

exochemistry

c)

exophysics

d)

exobiology

58.

Of the following- two of the inner planets are ____ & ____.

a)

Venus & Saturn

b)

Earth & Pluto

c)

Mercury & Jupiter

d)

Mars & Venus

59.

Of the following- two of the outer planets are ____.

a)

Mars & Saturn

b)

Neptune & Uranus

c)

Venus & Mars

d)

Mars & Saturn

60.

The CORRECT order of our Solar System's 8 planets (+ 1 planetoid) is:

a)

Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Neptune, Saturn, Pluto (planetoid) and Uranus

b)

Mars, Earth, Mercury, Venus, Saturn, Neptune, Jupiter and Pluto (planetoid)

c)

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto (planetoid), Venus, Mercury, Earth, Mars

d)

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto (planetoid)

61.

How long is 1 lunar phase cycle?

a)

365 days

b)

29.5 days

c)

27.3 days

d)

14 days

62.

The image depicted is:

a)

3rd quarter

b)

1st quarter

c)

New Moon

d)

Waning Gibbous

63.

The image depicted here is:

a)

1st Quarter

b)

Waxing Crescent

c)

3rd Quarter

d)

Waning Gibbous

64.
a)

Waning Gibbous

b)

Waxing Gibbous

c)

1st Quarter

d)

Full Moon

65.

The image depicted here is:

a)

Waxing Crescent

b)

Waning Crescent

c)

3rd Quarter

d)

1st Quarter

66.

Which forms when small meteorites crash into the moon?

a)

Craters

b)

Mountains

c)

Regolith

d)

Maria

67.

TOTAL Solar Eclipses are rare because:

a)

The Sun and Moon's gravitational attraction prevents this from occurring.

b)

The Sun only blocks the Moon from our view once every 1,000 years.

c)

The umbra area is so small few people get to observe them.

d)

None of the responses are correct.

68.

There are many craters on the surface on of the Moon as compared to the surface of the Earth because:

a)

The Moon is geologically and meteorologically dead- there are no quakes/volcanic activity and no wind/rain/snow to erode away/destroy crater impacts.

b)

Meteors are only attracted to surfaces of Moons, not planets.

c)

Jupiter's gravity throws off objects in our Solar System- aiming them at the Moon rather than Earth.

d)

None of the responses are ocrrect.

69.

The presence of maria on the Moon indicates that ____.

a)

The Moon has a dense atmosphere.

b)

Many meteorites have hit the moon recently.

c)


The Moon once contained magma beneath its surface.

70.

A total solar eclipse can be seen by only people in the area of Earth within the ______.

a)

umbra

b)

penumbra

c)

Southern Hemisphere

d)

Northern Hemisphere

71.

A ____ eclipse occurs when the Earth’s shadow falls on the Moon.

a)

celestial

b)

solar

c)

lunar

d)

new

72.

Which of the following reasons is NOT an explanation for the shape of planet Earth?

a)


Different stars/constellations over different hemispheres (halves of a sphere).

b)

Documented space-based footage of a spherical Earth.

c)

Gravity acting on early Earth (partially molten planet stage) and pulling material into a sphere.

d)

Earth is a disc traveling through space like an intergalactic Frisbee.

73.

Daylight hours are _____ for the hemisphere that is tilted toward the sun during the solstice.

a)

longer

b)

shorter

c)

the same length

d)

None of the responses are correct.

74.

This occurs when the gravitational pulls of Sun & Moon that creates waves:

a)

eclipse

b)

solstice

c)

equinox

d)

tides

75.

A ____ occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and throws a shadow on Earth.

a)

waning gibbous

b)

lunar eclipse

c)

solar eclipse

d)

waxing gibbous

76.

The Sun's rays strike Earth at their northernmost and southernmost positions during ____.

a)

Solar eclipses

b)

Winter & Summer Solstice

c)

Spring & Fall Equinoxes

d)

Lunar eclipses

77.

This is an accumulation of debris from impacts, light-colored “soil” on the Moon:

a)

regolith

b)

maria

c)

gravity

d)

craters

78.

How far is the Earth’s magnetic axis tilted for it’s geographic axis?

a)

15 degrees

b)

5 degrees

c)

23.5 degrees

d)

11.5 degrees

79.

TOTAL Lunar Eclipses are more common that TOTAL solar eclipses because:

a)


Lunar eclipses can be observed by anyone in the nighttime sky.

b)

The Moon blocks the Sun once a month.

c)

The Moon is closer to Earth.

d)

None of the responses are correct.

80.

In a graph showing temperature change of a material over time, temperature change is the:

a)

independent variable

b)

variable with the smallest range.

c)

variable with the largest range.

d)

dependent variable

81.

Which of the following is an example of a SCIENTIFIC THEORY?

a)

Planetary Motion

b)

Linear Motion

c)

Big Bang

d)

Conservation of Energy

82.

Models can be used to describe which of the following environments?

a)

The floor of the ocean.

b)

All responses are correct.

c)

Space.

d)

Volcanoes.

83.

When designing an experiment, the first step is to:

a)

State a hypothesis.

b)

List a procedure.

c)

Analyze the data.

d)

State the problem.

84.

The best type of graph to use to show how some fixed quantity is broken down into parts is the:

a)

Bar Graph

b)

Scatterplot Graph

c)

Line Graph

d)

Circle Graph ("Pie Chart")

85.

Science cannot answer questions about:

a)

personal political views.

b)

the natural world.

c)

distance.

d)

temperature.

86.

Which part of the experiment was the food? An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the heartbeat of water fleas. Two populations of water fleas were cultured. Both populations had water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of bacteria as food, received the same amount of light, and had their temperature maintained at 20ºC. Every two hours, water fleas from both populations were selected and their heartbeats were monitored. The fleas of population one had caffeine administered five minutes before their heartbeat was checked. The fleas of population two were given nothing.

a)

control

b)

constant

c)

independent variable

d)

dependent variable

87.

What part of the experiment was the heartbeat? An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the heartbeat of water fleas. Two populations of water fleas were cultured. Both populations had water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of bacteria as food, received the same amount of light, and had their temperature maintained at 20ºC. Every two hours, water fleas from both populations were selected and their heartbeats were monitored. The fleas of population one had caffeine administered five minutes before their heartbeat was checked. The fleas of population two were given nothing.

a)

control

b)

constant

c)

independent variable

d)

dependent variable

88.

What part of the experiment was the water temperature? An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the heartbeat of water fleas. Two populations of water fleas were cultured. Both populations had water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of bacteria as food, received the same amount of light, and had their temperature maintained at 20ºC. Every two hours, water fleas from both populations were selected and their heartbeats were monitored. The fleas of population one had caffeine administered five minutes before their heartbeat was checked. The fleas of population two were given nothing.

a)

constant

b)

independent variable

c)

dependent variable

d)

control

89.

What part of the experiment was population two? An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the heartbeat of water fleas. Two populations of water fleas were cultured. Both populations had water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of bacteria as food, received the same amount of light, and had their temperature maintained at 20ºC. Every two hours, water fleas from both populations were selected and their heartbeats were monitored. The fleas of population one had caffeine administered five minutes before their heartbeat was checked. The fleas of population two were given nothing.

a)

dependent variable

b)

constant

c)

control

d)

independent variable

90.

What part of the experiment was the caffeine? An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of caffeine on the heartbeat of water fleas. Two populations of water fleas were cultured. Both populations had water with the same mineral content, were supplied with identical amounts of bacteria as food, received the same amount of light, and had their temperature maintained at 20ºC. Every two hours, water fleas from both populations were selected and their heartbeats were monitored. The fleas of population one had caffeine administered five minutes before their heartbeat was checked. The fleas of population two were given nothing.

a)

independent variable

b)

constant

c)

control

d)

dependent variable

91.

This is how closely measurements are to each other, and how carefully measurements are made:

a)

theory

b)

precision

c)

accuracy

d)

hypothesis

92.

This occurs when what a scientist expects changes how the results are viewed:

a)

bias

b)

scientific law

c)

scientific theory

d)

hypothesis

93.

The process of gathering information through the senses is called:

a)

inference.

b)

observation.

c)

hypothesis.

d)

analysis.

94.

Technologies in DEVELOPING (parts of Africa, S. America, Asia) countries are:

a)


"luxuries" to make lives better.

b)

the latest/best models of a technology.

c)

for basic needs.

d)

None of the responses are correct.

95.

An example of TECHNOLOGY that is a system of people an objects used to do a particular task is:

a)

An airplane.

b)


The conveyor belt system that luggage is placed on at an airport.

c)

An x-ray machine used to scan for weapons in an airport.


d)

Air traffic controllers using a satellite-based navigation system to guide air traffic safely.

96.

An example of TECHNOLOGY that is knowledge or skills to operate a human-made object is:

a)


running an Electric Potter's Wheel to shape high grade ceramics.

b)

an automatic kiln for "cooking" high grade ceramics.

c)

a ceramic ("cooked" clay) vase.

d)

an Electric Potter's Wheel.

97.

An example of TECHNOLOGY that is a method/technique for making an object or tool is:

a)

A computer simulation of how a phoropter (lens chooser) would work on a patient.

b)

an optometrist that runs a phoropter (lens chooser).

c)

the process of making optical glass (eyeglass lenses).

d)

eyeglasses.

98.

An example of TECHNOLOGY as a human-made object is:

a)

a ballpoint pen.

b)

Engineers that design the assembly line to make ball point pens.

c)


the process of manufacturing ball point pens.

d)

The Internet, which explains the "history" of the ball point pen.

99.

The unforeseen consequence of automobile technology (from the early 1900's to today) is:

a)

cars have more safety features than cars did in the early 1900's.

b)

cars are faster today then they were in the early 1900's.

c)

increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere.

d)

None of the responses are correct.

100.

These are design restrictions for products from outside factors:

a)

bias

b)

restraint

c)

constraint

d)

prototype