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WorksheetsGraves Bethlehem Regents Practice Topic 3
Total questions: 41
Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins
The accompanying diagram represents a scientific technique in use today. Scientists have used this technique to...
produce hormones for human use at a lower cost than other methods
produce pathogens that are able to live in humans
clone human cells with desired characteristics
eliminate the need for laboratory production of medicines for humans
The diagram below shows an alteration that occurred during the replication process of a portion of a gene. The numbers identify the locations of specific bases in the sequence.
This alteration is most likely the result of...
a substitution at base 2
a deletion of base 2
an insertion of base 3
a deletion of base 4
The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel electrophoresis results is shown below.
Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?
They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father
They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.
They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.
They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.
Which phrase best describes a gene?
a segment of a DNA molecule found only in the body cells of an organism
a segment of a DNA molecule found only in the gametes of an organism
a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing a trait in an organism
a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the instructions for producing all the characteristics of an organism
The molecule DNA contains the four bases listed in the picture.
Which base pairings normally occur during DNA replication?
Guanine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.
Adenine pairs with thymine. Cytosine pairs with guanine.
Thymine pairs with guanine. Cytosine pairs with adenine.
Cytosine pairs with cytosine. Thymine pairs with thymine.
The diagram below shows some of the DNA in a bacterium into which a human gene, X, has been successfully inserted.
The bacteria that result from reproduction of this cell will most likely have the ability to...
replicate all of the genetic instructions found in humans
produce vaccines to be used to immunize humans
produce a human blood cell according to instructions in gene X
produce the human protein coded for by gene X
Which statement best explains the development of variety C?
Nuclei from body cells taken from variety A were inserted into egg cells lacking nuclei taken from variety B.
Selective breeding was used to combine desirable traits from both varieties A and B
The need to adapt to changes in the environment led to the selection of advantageous characteristics in the offspring of variety B.
Mutations that occurred in the body cells of variety A were passed on to the offspring generation after generation.
Contains the bases Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
DNA
RNA
Both
Contains the bases Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine
DNA
RNA
Both
A sequence of events is represented in the diagram below. Which statement best describes a result of this process?
The spider from which the DNA sample was obtained can no longer produce spider silk.
The goat milk now contains DNA molecules made of spider silk proteins.
Both the spider and the goat can now produce both spider silk and goat milk.
Spider silk proteins can now be produced in large quantities without killing spiders to obtain them.
Although all of the cells of a plant contain the same genetic material, root cells and leaf cells are not identical because they
use different genetic bases for the synthesis of DNA
use different parts of their genetic instructions
select different cells to express
delete different sections of their enzymes
The photographs below are of two Siamese cats. The Siamese breed has a gene that controls fur color. The cat in the first photograph was kept indoors while the cat in the second photograph was kept outdoors. Which statement best explains the differences in fur color between these two cats?
The cat kept indoors is older than the cat kept outdoors.
The environment influenced the expression of fur color genes
The environment influenced the production of all the proteins in the cat kept outdoors
The cat kept outdoors has a gene mutation that prevents it from producing light-colored fur.
Scientists have been investigating a way to recreate extinct species such as the saber-toothed cat illustrated below.
Which technique would use DNA from an extinct species to recreate an organism of the species?
natural selection
cloning
differentiation
selective breeding
The process shown below is used to
determine if a person has a genetic disease
produce human growth hormone
identify the father of a newborn
produce a hormone to regulate blood sugar
The diagram below indicates a few of the many varieties of domestic dogs thought to have originated from wolves that were domesticated thousands of years ago.
The many varieties of domesticated dogs were most likely produced as a result of
mutating the body cells of the dogs
selective breeding over many generations
genetic engineering with specifi c enzymes
cloning dogs with desirable traits
The diagram below represents some steps in a procedure used in the field of biotechnology
This bacterial cell can now be used to produce
the bacterial gene for insulin that can be inserted into humans
human genes for enzymes that can be inserted into humans
insulin that can be used by humans
enzymes necessary to treat human diseases
The table below represents a segment of a DNA molecule found in a stomach cell, both before and after undergoing replication.
Which statement best describes a change that would most likely be observed in the cells formed as a result of this mitotic division
An enzyme the cell produces might no longer function.
The cells would begin to form gametes to be released.
Many new hormones would be synthesized by the cells
Chloroplasts would be produced by the ribosomes.
A Chihuahua is born having a trait that is different from either of its parents. A possible explanation for the difference is that the Chihuahua puppy
was produced as a result of the recombination of genes during sexual reproduction
was produced as a result of the process of asexual reproduction
inherited a gene from one of its grandparents and not its parents
had a mutation that occurred after it was born
Which statement is an accurate description of genes?
Proteins are made of genes and code for DNA.
Genes are made of proteins that code for nitrogen bases.
DNA is made of carbohydrates that code for genes.
Genes are made of DNA and code for proteins.
Farmers may someday clone their best milk-producing cow into a whole herd. What potential disadvantage might be important to consider in having such a large group of clones on one farm?
It may be difficult to tell the animals apart.
Lack of variation may limit survival in the herd.
The cows could be fertilized by only one type of bull.
The cows could be mated only with each other.
Researchers have produced rice plants that can withstand being completely submerged for up to two weeks. This is good news for farmers in the flood regions of Southeast Asia. The farmers in this region rely heavily on this crop. The diagram below illustrates the process used to genetically modify plants, such as rice.
The molecules used to cut, copy, and connect the DNA segments used in this process are
sugars
enzymes
indicators
antigens
The instructions for the genetic traits of an organism are directly determined by the
numbers of A, T, C, and G units in a sugar molecule
sequence of bases in DNA molecules
length of a DNA molecule
way the bases are paired in the two strands of a DNA molecule
If a strand of DNA reads CCTATC, what would be the complementary strand?
CCTATC
GGATAG
GGAUAG
CCUAUC
A student added an enzyme to a test tube containing a sample of DNA. After a period of time, analysis of the DNA sample indicated it was now broken into three segments.
The purpose of the enzyme was most likely to
cut the DNA at a specific location
move the DNA to a different organism
copy the DNA for protein synthesis
alter the DNA sequence in the segment
The amino acids bond together to form which type of complex molecule?
protein
starch
fat
sugar
Which technique could be used to determine the relative number of bases in fragments taken from a
sample of DNA?
light microscopy
paper chromatography
cloning
electrophoresis
Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are
smaller, and move faster
larger, and move faster
smaller, and move slower
larger, and move slower
Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?
They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.
They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.
They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.
They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.
