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DNA Structure and Replication

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
2.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
3.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
4.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
5.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
6.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
7.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
8.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
9.
Which enzyme fixes the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand?
a)
Helicase
b)
Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primerase
10.
If a strand reads:
3' A A A T T T C 5'
The matching strand would read...
a)
5' T T T A A A G 3'
b)
3' T T T A A A G 5'
c)
5' A A A T T T C 3'
d)
3' U U U A A A G 5'
11.
This picture is illustrating the ____ nature of DNA.
a)
anti-parallel
b)
deoxyribosic
c)
helical
d)
radioactive
12.
What is the shape of DNA?
a)
Double helix
b)
Triple helix
c)
Flat, bilayer
d)
Three-pronged rigid ladder
13.
If the percentage of DNA is made of 30% Thymine, what is the correct percentage of Guanine?
a)
30
b)
15
c)
20
d)
60
14.
These are the "smaller", single ringed bases such as thymine and cytosine
a)
complementary
b)
 cytosine
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
15.
These are the "larger", double-ringed bases such as adenine and guanine.
a)
complementary
b)
 cytosine
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
16.
In Chargaff's Rule, adenine pairs with ________, and cytosine pairs with _________.
a)
thymine, guanine
b)
guanine, thymine
c)
uracil, guanine
d)
thymine, uracil
17.
What is the sugar in the DNA molecule?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
c)
glucose
d)
fructose
18.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
19.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the RNA primer to the template strand?

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

20.

What is a gene?

a)

A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into

b)

something inside the nucleus

c)

a section/piece of DNA

d)

all of your DNA

21.

If we think of DNA as a ladder, which parts are the steps of the ladder?

a)

the nitrogen base pairs

b)

the phosphate-sugar backbone

c)

the genes

22.

What does this image represent?

a)

Chromosome

b)

Gene

c)

Nucleus

d)

Nitrogen Bases

23.

What is the matching nitrogen base sequence for the gene below?

A-

T-

C-

a)

T-

G-

T-

b)

G-

C-

A-

c)

T-

A-

G-

24.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
25.

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

26.

What is the name of this structure found in our nucleus?

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

ribosome

d)

DNA

27.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
28.
The building block of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _________________ base.
a)
oxygen
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon
29.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

CAT TCA CTG

30.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
31.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
32.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

33.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
34.

DNA is the instructions on how to make..

a)

bases

b)

proteins

c)

amino acids

d)

phosphates

35.
the process of making a copy of DNA
a)
transcription
b)
double helix
c)
DNA replication
d)
replication fork
36.
When DNA makes a copy of itself, the new strands are identical or different?
a)
identical
b)
different
37.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand

TAC ACT GTC

a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

CAT TCA CTG

38.

What is the function of gene?

a)

provide directions on how to make a protein

b)

provide energy for the cell

c)

provide storage for the cell

39.

What is the function of gene?

a)

provide directions on how to make a protein

b)

provide energy for the cell

c)

provide storage for the cell

40.
Which macromolecule is shown?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
41.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
42.
The two strands making up the DNA double helix molecule
a)
contain ribose and deoxyribose in opposite strands.
b)
are held together by hydrogen bonds.
c)
are attached through a phosphate to hold the strands together.
d)
contain uracil but not thymine.
43.
How many atoms can a Carbon atom potentially bind to?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
44.
The monomer, building block, of DNA and RNA; made up of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
a)
Amino Acid
b)
Fatty Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Monosaccharide
45.
Which of the following elements make up nucleic acids?
a)
C, H, O
b)
C, H, O, N
c)
C, H, O, N, P
d)
C, H, O, Ca, S
46.
The three elements that make up most of all 4 types of macromolecules
a)
Water, Oxygen, & Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
d)
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, & Sulfur
47.
What Group does this photo represent?
a)
Carbonyl
b)
Phosphate
c)
Sulfyhydryl
d)
Carboxyl
48.
DNA and RNA are composed of several nucleotide monomers bonded together. Where does this bond occur between two nucleotides?
a)
Between the sugar and the phosphate
b)
Between adjacent nitrogenous bases
c)
Between the sugar and the neighboring nitrogenous base
d)
Between the phosphate and the neighboring nitrogenous base
49.

Which of the following BEST describes a DNA molecule?

a)

double helix

b)

β-pleated sheet

c)

made of amino acids

d)

is ladder-like

50.

If 20% of the nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule are GUANINE, what percentage of the nitrogenous bases will be ADENINE?

a)

30%

b)

20%

c)

60%

d)

40%

51.

Identify the correct ratio of Adenine to Thymine and Cytosine to Guanine in DNA molecule.

a)

1:2

b)

2:1

c)

1:1

d)

3:1

52.

In the DNA of a panda, there is 30% adenine. Determine the percent of guanine.

a)

15%

b)

40%

c)

10%

d)

20%

53.

In organism #1 there is 13% thymine in a molecule of DNA, Determine the percent (%) _____ cytosine.

a)

13%

b)

26%

c)

37%

d)

74%

54.

In organism #1 there is 29% guanine in a molecule of DNA, Determine the percent (%) _____ thymine.

a)

21%

b)

29%

c)

42%

d)

58%

55.
If a DNA stand has 32 % guanine before semi conservative replication occurs, what percent thymine will each new strand have after replication? 
a)
64%
b)
32%
c)
18%
d)
36%
56.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
57.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
58.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
59.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine

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