Font size
Worksheets5.7A STAAR Review Sedimentary Rock and Fossil Fuel Formation
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins
A type of rock that forms in layers when sediments from a weathered rock were eroded and deposited in the ocean, where the compaction and cementation turned them into a new rock.
weathering
Sedimentary Rock
organic matter
sediments
the breaking down of rocks
erosion
deposition
sediments
weathering
small pieces of rock, soil, and other materials.
deposition
sediments
erosion
organism
carrying away of sediments
weathering
compaction
erosion
cementation
dropped off of sediments in new locations
compaction
deposition
cementation
erosion
the process by which sediments are pressed together (squeeze) under water and layers of other sediments (pressure).
compaction
cementation
fossils
Sedimentary Rock
the process by which dissolved minerals in the water glue particles of sediment together into one rock.
fossils
compaction
cementation
weathering
non-renewable forms of energy that we use to meet our needs- Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (CONG).
W.E.D.C.C.
fossil fuels
sedimentary rock
cementation
natural resource that cannot be remade quickly or cannot be remade at all, it takes a very long time to make.
coal
non-renewable
natural gas
compaction
a solid fossil fuel that forms underground millions of years ago from dead plant material by the heat underground and pressure of the layers above it.
coal
fossils
sedimentary rock
non-renewable
a liquid fossil fuel formed from marine(sea) organisms that were buried and over time heat and pressure from underground turned them into a fuel.
fossil
oil
natural gas
sedimentary rock
a gas fossil fuel that formed from marine(sea) organisms that were buried and over time heat and pressure from underground turned them into a fuel.
abundant
coal
natural gas
conserve
Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of Sedimentary Rock?
F
G
H
J
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of Sedimentary Rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form Sedimentary Rock.
Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
The model below shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years?
Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.
The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.
Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.
Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.
The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
Sedimentary rocks form when broken bits of other rock are deposited and then –
buried and squeezed and cemented together.
melted by the heat of the Earth’s core.
completely dissolved in salt water in the ocean.
used by humans as a natural resource.
In addition to long periods of time, all of the following are necessary for the formation of sedimentary rock EXCEPT –
extreme heat.
organic matter.
various sediment.
intense pressure.
Several layers of sedimentary rock are illustrated. They are in the same order as when they first formed. Which layer formed first?
Rock Layer W
Rock Layer X
Rock Layer Y
Rock Layer Z
Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?
Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces
Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface
Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock
Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock
Which of the following locations would most likely produce sedimentary rock after much time has passed?
A beach where sand is being deposited
A mountain that receives snow year round
A volcano that erupts frequently
A rocky desert that is windy all the time
Most sedimentary rock forms in the ocean. This is because oceans -
emit much less pollution than most other habitats
receive the majority of the Sun's energy
have fewer plants and animals than on land
are where most bits of broken rock get deposited
Which of the following describes the formation of sedimentary rocks in the correct order?
Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Deposition, Cementation
Weathering, Cementation, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
Weathering, Deposition, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation
Coal, oil, and natural gas are _______________ because they are resources formed over millions of years from the remains of living organisms.
fossils
fossil fuels
organic matter
sedimentary rocks
_______________________and __________________________ take millions of years to form, therefore, we can not replace them quickly.
renewable resources
nonrenewable resources
natural resources
fossil fuels
If looking at layers of sediment in the Earth, which layer is the youngest?
the top
the middle
the bottom
second to the top
Where was natural gas and oil formed?
bottom of rivers
bottom of lakes
bottom of swamps
bottom of oceans
Coal was formed where?
lakes
swamps
rivers
oceans
Cementation is part of the sedimentary rock process that helps "glue" sediments together?
true
false
What is compaction in the sedimentary rock process?
moving
sticking
squeezing
heating
Coal was formed from decayed what?
animals
plants and animals
plants
teeth
Oil and natural gas are formed from decayed what?
plants
animals and plants
animals
teeth
All of these are related to the formation of oil or natural gas EXCEPT-- (5.7A)
decomposed animals
decayed plants
sedimentary rocks
active volcanoes
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form? (5.7A)
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
Mostly decaying organisms
Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
Mostly metal minerals
This photograph shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels? (5.7A)
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions of years.
The dead plants get buried for millions of years and form fossils that attract carbon.
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.
The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock? (5.7A)
The diagram shows layers deposited under a body of water. This layering continued for millions of years. What most likely happened to the dead plants and animals? (5.7A)
They were eaten by scavengers.
They became fossil fuels.
They were washed away by water.
They became an underground aquifer.
