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Nuclear Chemistry Test Review

Total questions: 48

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Radioactive materials have unstable
a)
protons
b)
electrons
c)
nuclei
d)
orbitals
2.
Nuclei with too many or too few neutrons are
a)
unstable
b)
unnatural
c)
stable
d)
never found
3.
Which of the following is NOT a type of nuclear radiation?
a)
alpha particles
b)
x-rays
c)
gamma particles
d)
beta particles
4.
Which of the following occurs in the nucleus during alpha decay?
a)
2 protons & 2 neutrons are lost
b)
2 neutrons & 2 electrons are gained
c)
2 protons & 2 neutrons are gained
d)
2 neutrons & 2 electrons are lost
5.
Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha decay?
a)
Helium is released
b)
It is negatively charged
c)
can penetrate any thickness of matter
d)
all of these
6.
During beta decay, a nucleus
a)
gains a proton and loses a neutron
b)
loses a proton and gains a neutron
c)
gives up two protons and two neutrons
d)
loses an electron
7.
When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the atomic number of the element
a)
decreases by one
b)
remains the same
c)
increases by one
d)
increases by two
8.
The type of nuclear radiation that can penetrate farthest through matter is
a)
gamma rays
b)
alpha particles
c)
beta particles
d)
x-rays
9.
What type of particle has no mass and no charge?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
10.
What type of particle is the same as a He nucleus?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
11.

What type of particle is represented by ?

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none of these

12.

What type of particle is represented by

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none of these

13.
What type of particle can be stopped by a thin sheet of metal?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
14.
What type of decay can be stopped by a sheet of paper or clothing?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
15.

What are the values of x in the following alpha decay?

a)

236

b)

244

c)

60

d)

240

16.

What are the values of y in the following alpha decay?

a)

94

b)

92

c)

96

d)

236

17.

What are the values of x in the following beta decay?

a)

94

b)

236

c)

240

d)

96

18.

What are the values of y in the following beta decay?

a)

98

b)

96

c)

97

d)

240

19.

In balancing the nuclear reaction, What is the identity of the element labeled E?

a)

Pu

b)

U

c)

Th

d)

Np

20.

The missing product from this reaction is

a)

beta particle

b)

positron

c)

gamma particle

d)

alpha particle

21.

The missing product from this reaction is

a)

beta particle

b)

positron

c)

gamma particle

d)

alpha particle

22.

This reaction is an example of

a)

alpha decay

b)

beta decay

c)

positron decay

d)

electron capture

23.
Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear energy as a power source?
a)
Waste can be stored anywhere.
b)
Nuclear energy does not produce air pollution.
c)
Nuclear waste is not radioactive.
d)
Nuclear plants are low in cost.
24.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of nuclear energy as a power source?
a)
Nuclear waste must be safely stored
b)
Nuclear energy produces air pollution
c)
Nuclear energy produces less energy than the burning of coal
d)
The fuel source is very limited
25.
Fusion occurs when nuclei _______
a)
mutate
b)
combine
c)
split
d)
none of these
26.
Fission occurs when nuclei ________.
a)
mutate
b)
combine
c)
split
d)
none of these
27.
Fusion produces _____ nuclei.
a)
smaller
b)
larger
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
28.
Fusion produces _____ nuclei.
a)
heavier
b)
lighter
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
29.
Fission produces ____________ nuclei
a)
smaller
b)
larger
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
30.
Fission produces ____________ nuclei
a)
heavier
b)
lighter
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
31.

__________ refers to the minimum amount that can undergo a fission reaction & can sustain a chain reaction

a)

fission

b)

critical mass

c)

fusion

d)

alpha mass

32.
Which of the following is a fusion reaction?
a)
hydrogen-2 and hydrogen-3 combining to form a helium-4 atom and a neutron
b)
Carbon-14 emitting an alpha particle
c)
uranium-235 absorbing a neutron and breaking into barium-141, krypton-92, and three neutrons
d)
uranium-238 emitting a beta particle
33.
The nuclear process occurring at a nuclear power plant.
a)
Nuclear fusion
b)
Nuclear fission
c)
Combustion
d)
Multiplication
34.
Classify this process.
a)
Nuclear fission
b)
Nuclear fusion
c)
Alpha decay
d)
Beta decay
35.
What process is modeled by the equation?
a)
alpha decay
b)
beta decay
c)
fission
d)
fusion
36.
What process is modeled with this equation?
a)
alpha decay
b)
beta decay
c)
fission
d)
fusion
37.
Which nuclear process is shown in the picture?
a)
fission
b)
fusion
c)
alpha decay
d)
beta decay
38.

The energy released by a nuclear reaction results primarily from the —

a)

conversion of energy into mass.

b)

conversion of mass into energy.

c)

breaking of bonds between atoms.

d)

formation of bonds between atoms.

39.

In a nuclear fusion reaction, the mass of the products is —

a)

more than the mass of the reactants because some of the energy has been converted to mass.

b)

less than the mass of the reactants because some of the energy has been converted to mass.

c)

more than the mass of the reactants because some of the mass has been converted to energy.

d)

less than the mass of the reactants because some of the mass has been converted to energy.

40.

A nuclear fission reaction and a nuclear fusion reaction are similar because both reactions —

a)

release a large amount of energy.

b)

form light nuclides from heavy nuclides.

c)

form heavy nuclides from light nuclides.

d)

absorb a large amount of energy.

41.

For a given mass of reactants, the energy released is greatest for a reaction involving —

a)

fission.

b)

rapid oxidation.

c)

fusion.

d)

slow oxidation.

42.

An aircraft company is receiving complaints that passengers in their planes are receiving high levels of radiation from the Sun and other background radiation sources.  They respond by posting the following response online:

"All of our aircraft are designed with state-of-the-art aluminum sheeting which blocks all radiation types from all sources. Thus our passengers are not exposed to any dangerous levels of radiation inside our aircraft."

The Sun and other background sources produce alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, all of which enter Earth’s atmosphere.  Based on all of the information, what statement best evaluates the airline company’s claims?

a)

The airline company has made a correct claim about their aircraft and radiation.

b)

The aluminum sheeting will not be able to block any type of radiation.

c)

The aluminum sheeting will not block the high energy gamma radiation.

d)

Aluminum could block the weak background radiation, but not the Sun’s radiation.

43.

Which particle has the lightest mass?

a)

42He

b)

0-1e

c)

11H

d)

10n

44.

Which of the following ranks the different types of radiation from most powerful to least?

a)

Alpha, beta, gamma

b)

Beta, alpha, gamma

c)

Beta, gamma, alpha

d)

Gamma, beta, alpha

45.

Fission and fusion are two types of nuclear reactions that change the atoms in the reactants and release large amounts of energy although they do so in different ways.  Which of the following statements describing nuclear reactions is true for both fission and fusion reactions?

a)

The combined mass number of the products is less than the combined mass number of the reactants.

b)

The reactions consist of the nucleus of a large atom splitting to form two smaller atomic nuclei.

c)

The reactions consist of the nuclei of two smaller atoms combining to form one larger atomic nucleus.

d)

The atomic numbers of the product elements are different than the atomic numbers of the reactants.

46.

What is a feature of fusion reactions but not fission reactions?

a)

Raw materials are easily available

b)

Produces radioactive particles

c)

A nucleus transforms into two lighter nuclei

d)

Involves a chain reaction

47.

A radioactive source emits radiation that is deflected, as shown in the diagram. Which of the following could be the radiation depicted in this diagram?

a)

11H

b)

0-1e

c)

10n

d)

42He

48.

An electron has a charge identical to that of —

a)

an alpha particle

b)

a neutron

c)

a proton

d)

a beta particle

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