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Spring Final Exam Review

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 1hrs 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is a circular DNA from bacteria that can hold a foreign gene?
a)
plasmid
b)
restriction enzyme
c)
ligase
d)
protein expression
2.
What is a major difference between a somatic cell and an egg cell? 
a)
Somatic cells are halpoid (23 chromosomes), egg cells are diploid (46 chromosomes) 
b)
Egg cells are halpoid (23 chromosomes), somatic cells are diploid (46 chromosomes)
c)
Somatic cells can divide, egg cells cannot
d)
Egg cells have DNA in their nucleus, somatic cells do not
3.

True or False-GMO's have been proven to be harmful for humans to consume.

a)

True

b)

False

4.
Which would be considered a somatic cell?
a)
Sperm cell
b)
Egg Cell
c)
Skin Cell
d)
All of these
5.
Which of the following would be considered a Gamete cell?
a)
Egg Cell
b)
Sperm Cell
c)
Both of these
d)
None of these
6.

It is the transfer of genetic material for the purpose of treating human disease.

a)

chemotherapy

b)

gene therapy

c)

gene transfer

d)

gene editing

7.
Bob was found dead in his home.  Crime scene analysis showed signs of a struggle.  Blood was collected from the crime scene, the victim, and three suspects.  Which suspect likely committed the crime? 
a)
Sue
b)
Lisa
c)
John
d)
None of these
8.
Which male is the father of this child?
a)
Male 1
b)
Male 2
c)
Neither could be the father
d)
Either could be the father
9.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
10.

A biologist is comparing two samples of DNA to find how related the two species are. He is relying on the field of

a)

comparative anatomy

b)

molecular biology

c)

fossil record

d)

biogeography

e)

comparative embryology

11.

The unknown species is most closely related to species

a)

IV

b)

III

c)

II

d)

I

12.

An anatomical feature that no longer seams to have a purpose in the current form of an organism

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

13.

What type of structures are shown?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Heterologous

14.

What type of structures are shown?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Heterologous

15.

All dogs have the common ancestor the wolf. This is an example of -

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

16.

Darwin’s finches is an example of this type of evolution.

a)

Divergent

b)

Coevolution

c)

Convergent

d)

Artificial

17.
A bumble bee has just enough weight to open up the snapdragon flower and get the nectar/pollen inside.  Other insects cannot do this. This adaption is an example of........
a)
convergent evolution
b)
co-evolution
c)
divergent evolution
d)
speciation
18.
 What type of evolution is demonstrated in this photo?
a)
Coevolution
b)
Convergent evolution
c)
Punctuated evolution
d)
Gradualistic evolution
19.

Albert’s squirrel and the Kaibab squirrel are distinct subspecies that live on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. They were once one species, but now differ significantly, including fur coloring.

a)

Geographic isolation

b)

Behavioral isolation

c)

Temporal isolation

20.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
21.
a)
The image shows analogous structures.
b)
The image shows convergent evolution.
c)
The image shows adaptive radiation. 
d)
The image shows organisms that are not closely related.
22.
A tiny non-living particle that invades and then multiplies inside of a living cell is called a:
a)
vaccine
b)
virus
c)
bacteriophage
23.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
24.
In the image, the letters B - H represent ...
a)
Derived characteristics
b)
Ancestral characteristics
c)
Organisms living today
d)
Common ancestors
25.

Which animals have amniotic eggs?

a)

Turtle and Tuna

b)

Turtle and Leopard

c)

Lancelet and Lamprey

26.
Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why humans sweat when they get hot?
a)
maintaining a stable internal enviornment
b)
growth and development
c)
using energy
d)
ability to reproduce
27.

what kingdom?- eukaryotic, multi-celled-photosynthetic.

a)

animal

b)

plant

c)

protist

d)

fungi

28.

Which species is most closely related to species C?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

D

29.

Variations within a species are an important part of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Which example can be explained by individual variation?

a)

The food source in a lake is not enough to support the bass population, but it can support the trout.

b)

A population of brown bears has doubled in the past 10 years as its habitat size has increased.

c)

Owls and foxes compete fiercely against each other for small rodents in their habitat.

d)

Brightly colored cardinals are better able to survive and to reproduce than darker cardinals

30.

In terms of natural selection, what is the best description of an organism that is fit?

a)

The organism is physically stronger than competing organisms.

b)

The organism is physically stronger than organisms of a different species.

c)

The organism is better able to survive and pass on traits to offspring than competing organisms.

d)

The organism is a member of a population in which every member survives without competing.

31.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
32.
What is the cause for all variation within a population?
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Adaptation
c)
Mutation
d)
Environmental Changes
33.
Ten brown mice and ten white mice are placed in a desert environment. What will happen to the white population over time?
a)
It will increase
b)
It will decrease
c)
It will stay the same
d)
There is no way to tell
34.

A sea worm will emerge out of its tube during high tide to find food. What type of adaptation is this?

a)

physical

b)

social

c)

behavioral

d)

physiological

35.

A clapper rail (bird) has a long bill to probe for food in the mud. What type of adaptation is the long bill?

a)

physical

b)

social

c)

behavioral

d)

physiological

36.

An angler fish produces light to attract prey. Producing light is what type of adaptation

a)

physical

b)

social

c)

behavioral

d)

physiological

37.

Light-colored oysters would blend into the rocks in the shallows, and the darkest would blend better into the shadows. The ones in the intermediate range make them easier prey.

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

artificial selection

e)

sexual selection

38.

Bacteria that are too large cannot obtain nutrients efficiently and bacteria that are too small cannot compete for those nutrients successfully

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

artificial selection

e)

sexual selection

39.

Fish that produce 40,000+ eggs have greater fitness than fish that produce less than this number

a)

directional selection

b)

stabilizing selection

c)

disruptive selection

d)

artificial selection

e)

sexual selection

40.
One characteristic feature of tundra is that only the surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter, leaving a layer of permanently frozen subsoil.  This characteristic is known as
a)
glaciation
b)
permafrost
c)
crystallization
d)
soilfrost
41.
Which biome is MOST LIKE the "desert" in terms of precipitation?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
tundra
d)
coniferous forest
42.
What are the key features of the Tundra?
a)
cold winter, thin acidic soil, evergreen trees
b)
treeless, permafrost, cold dark winters
c)
ong cool summers, short dark winters, migrating animals
d)
many evergreen trees, short moist summers, long snowy winters
43.
 Genetic Drift is more likely to happen in... 
a)
aquatic populations
b)
small populations
c)
terrestrial populations
d)
older populations
44.
Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...
a)
random chance
b)
natural selection
c)
non-random mating (sexual selection)
d)
artificial selection
45.

Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction? (chose all that apply)

a)

Energy and time are not wasted finding a mate

b)

Favorable conditions can be exploited quickly

c)

It is generally faster that sexual reproduction

d)

Every organism is identical having the same needs, requirements, and characteristics

46.

Mutations can benefit humans because they can:

a)

Cause illness

b)

Make an organism more suited to live in its environment.

c)

Make organisms live shorter lives

d)

Cause organisms to grow extra limbs.

47.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
48.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
49.

The number of times a particular allele appears in a gene pool is known as the

a)

population of the allele

b)

relative percentage of the allele

c)

frequency of the allele

d)

evolution of the allele

50.
Mark is heterozygous. If B is for brown hair, and b is for blonde hair, what is Mark's genotype?
a)
BB
b)
bb
c)
Bb
d)
bB
51.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
52.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
53.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
54.

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Top Predator

55.
In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the same
d)
Changes up and down
56.
Organisms which carry out the process of decomposition by breaking down dead or decaying organisms.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Herbivore
57.

Kilocalories (kCal) is a measure of energy. If there are 1000 kCal available for the producers in trophic level #1, how much energy is available for the secondary consumers trophic level #3? (Hint: use the Rule of 10s)

a)

10 kCal

b)

1 kCal

c)

100 kCal

d)

1000 kCal

58.

Autotrophs--The bottom trophic level where all organisms produce their own food, usually by photosynthesis.

a)

Trophic Levels

b)

Producers

c)

Ominvores

d)

Herbivores

59.
How does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem?
a)
matter is recycled within and between ecosystems
b)
one-way flow of energy
c)
two-way flow of energy only
d)
three-way flow of energy only
60.
What process returns nitrogen back to the atmosphere?
a)
Nitrogen fixation
b)
Elimination
c)
Denitrification
d)
Digestion
61.
What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
62.
Without the Greenhouse Effect the Earth would be
a)
warm 
b)
cold
c)
dead
63.

Which organism in the food web shown to the right would

contain the lowest concentration of chemical pollutants?

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

64.

Image "B" shows more biodiversity than image "A". Why?

a)

Because "B" shows more different species than image "A"

b)

Because image "B" has less different species than "A"

c)

"A" has a greater number of same species plants so this statement is wrong.

d)

Both images show the same biodiversity

65.

The thinning of the ozone layer is also known as the

a)

ozone hole

b)

ozone gap

c)

ozone space

d)

ozone void

66.
Which layer in the atmosphere protects us form harmful UV radiation?
a)
Ozone
b)
Troposphere
c)
Ionosphere
d)
Exosphere
67.

Ozone is made of which chemical element?

a)

Carbon

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

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