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Ecology Unit Review

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 3hrs 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

All green plants are

a)

Decomposers

b)

Consumers

c)

Producers

d)

Herbivores

2.

What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Sunlight

c)

Water

d)

ATP

3.

An organism that produces its own food supply

a)

Heterotroph

b)

Consumer

c)

Omnivore

d)

Autotroph

4.

Study of interactions between organisms and their environment

a)

Niche

b)

Ecology

c)

Community

d)

Environment

5.

Members of a species in a defined area

a)

Community

b)

Ecosystem

c)

Biodiversity

d)

Population

6.

Consumer that eats plants

a)

Carnivores

b)

Herbivores

c)

Omnivores

7.

What form of symbiosis is this?

a)

Parasatism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Nonalism

8.

Organisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organisms

a)

Carnivore

b)

Herbivore

c)

Decomposer

d)

Omnivore

9.

In the energy pyramid here, which level has the least amount of energy?

a)

Top Predator

b)

Carnivore

c)

Herbivore

d)

Producer

10.

In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...

a)

Primary Consumer

b)

Tertiary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Priducer

11.

An organism that eats both animals and plants

a)

Herbivore

b)

Omnivore

c)

Carnivore

d)

Producer

12.

symbiotic relationship in which one organisms benefits and the other organism is not affected

a)

Invasive Species

b)

Mutualism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Nitrogen fixation

13.

Snakes eat other animals for food. Snakes are considered __________.

a)

Autotrophs

b)

Prey

c)

Carnivores

d)

Herbivores

14.

Which of the following is a predator/prey relationship?

a)

Owls eating mice

b)

Bunnies eating shrubs

c)

Bears eating berries

d)

Worms eating decaying matter

15.

What belongs at the bottom of an energy pyramid?

a)

Producer

b)

Predator

c)

Consumer

d)

Decomposer

16.

____________ is a characteristic that improves an organisms ability to survive in an environment.

a)

Habitat

b)

Biodiversity

c)

Adaptation

d)

Natural Selection

17.

Plants are producers and make their own food by...

a)

eating other organisms

b)

photosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

breaking down decaying matter

18.

What's the greatest benefit to having strong biodiversity?

a)

Organisms will constantly compete for resources.

b)

The food web is small but strong.

c)

The ecosystem will be strong and resilient.

d)

There is no benefit.

19.
True or False. All living organisms in an ecosystem are considered abiotic factors
a)
true
b)
false
20.
What type of succession comes when a community has never been colonized?
a)
Primary succession
b)
Secondary succession
c)
Tertiary succession
d)
Symbiosis succession
21.
A tick feeding on a human is an example of
a)
parasitism
b)
mutualism
c)
symbiosis
d)
predation
22.
Which of the following usually results when members of the same species require the same food and space?
a)
primary succession
b)
competition
c)
secondary succession
d)
interspecic competition
23.

The process shown in the diagram is known as

a)

competitive exclusion.

b)

succession.

c)

symbiosis.

d)

oligotrophy.

24.

The arrows on the food chain represent:

a)

Organism with higher biomass/energy

b)

The organism that is getting eaten

c)

The direction of energy flow

d)

More evolved organisms

25.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
26.
A collection of organisms that make up a community as well as all of the nonliving aspects of the environment.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecosystem
27.
All the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environment
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
28.

A good practice to help conserve energy is?

a)

using plastic bags

b)

letting the water run while brushing teeth.

c)

using warm water to wash clothes

d)

turning lights off when not in use.

29.

What type of succession occurs after an ecological disturbance?

a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
30.
Which is a pioneer species?
a)
trees
b)
flowers
c)
mushrooms
d)
lichen
31.
What is biodiversity?
a)
a population of a species 
b)
the growth of cities
c)
destruction of natural habitats
d)
a variety of organisms 
32.
Many different types of organisms. 
a)
Pioneer species
b)
Community
c)
Biodiversity
d)
Population
33.
The first species to move into a forming ecosystem. Mosses and small grasses are examples. 
a)
Pioneer
b)
Opportunistic
c)
Climax community
d)
Primary
34.
_______________ succession occurs after a catastrophic event destroys an area.
a)
Primary
b)
Opportunistic
c)
Climax 
d)
Secondary
35.
Final stage of succession
a)
Climax community
b)
Terminal Community
c)
Secondary community
d)
End phase
36.

Deforestation means...

a)

removing the forest

b)

adding to the forest

c)

mapping the forest

d)

polluting the forest

37.

Burning fossil fuels creates air pollution.

a)

True

b)

False

38.
Smog is an example of ______________ pollution.
a)
land
b)
water
c)
air
d)
noise
39.
To reduce pollution in the environment, people should ______________ materials.
a)
recycle
b)
pollute
c)
throw away
d)
clean
40.
Using fewer wood products, buying used homes, and recycling paper are alternatives to 
a)
factories
b)
transportation
c)
solar panels
d)
deforestation
41.

What happens if a population grows past its carrying capacity?

a)

The population keeps growing

b)

The population starts to die off

c)

The entire species will go extinct

d)

The carrying capacity just increases

42.

The largest number of individuals that an environment can support long term is...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

emigration

c)

immigration

d)

population density

43.

"Five green and speckled frogs, sitting on a speckled log, eat some most delicious bugs."


Which level of organization is this?

a)

Individual

b)

Population

c)

Community

d)

Ecosystem

44.

Habitat availability increases for a population. How would the carrying capacity of the prey change?

a)

The carrying capacity would increase as more resources become available.

b)

Carrying capacity occurs independent of factors in the environment.

c)

The carrying capacity would decrease as more resources became available.

d)

The carrying capacity is set in an environment and cannot change.

45.
A giraffe has a long neck in order to better reach leaves to eat.  This is an example of _____. 
a)
an adaptation
b)
environment
c)
response
d)
stimulus
46.
Polar bears have an adaptation that allows them to swim. What is most likely this adaptation?
a)
White coat
b)
Fat belly
c)
Small eyes
d)
Webbed Feet
47.
Hibernation is a ____________________ adaptation that allows animals to survive at times where food is not available.
a)
physical 
b)
behavioral 
48.
Individuals in a population have to compete for resources.
a)
Species
b)
Variation
c)
Mutation
d)
Competition
49.
What do we call traits that increase an individual's chance to survive and reproduce?
a)

Maladaptations

b)

Predaption

c)

Variations

d)

Adaptations

50.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
51.
A tapeworm and a cat have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
52.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
53.

The close relationship between two different species in an ecosystem

a)

Biosphere

b)

Ecology

c)

Symbiosis

d)

Environment

54.

Over time all animals (and plants) develop adaptations that help them ____________________.

a)

develop new adaptations

b)

thrive and survive

c)

change the way they interact with their environment

d)

change their behaviors

55.
An example of a physical adaptation is...
a)
a turtle hiding inside its shell
b)
The spikes on a porcupine fish
c)
a rabbit burrowing underground
d)
a viper biting when threatened
56.

Stingrays partially bury themselves on the ocean floor so that their predators can't see them.

a)

Physical Adaptation

b)

Behavioral Adaptation

57.

Kangaroos pound the ground with their strong feet to warn other kangaroos of danger.

a)

Physical Adaptation

b)

Behavioral Adaptation

58.
a)

Physiological

b)

Structural

c)

Behavioral

59.
What factor would cause animals of the same species to begin competing with one another?
a)
increase in precipitation         
b)
the presence of decomposers
c)
the introduction of a new food source
d)
limited supply of resources
60.
Animals of the same species would most likely compete over a limited amount of -
a)
minerals
b)
Oxygen
c)
sunlight
d)
mating partners
61.

Hawks and owls eat the same type of food and struggle with one another to get their food. What is this an example of?

a)

Competition

b)

Biotic factor

c)

Symbiosis

d)

Population

62.

An increase in which of the following factors is likely to contribute to competition between two members of the same species living in a certain habitat?

a)

Available food resources

b)

Population of the species

c)

Annual snowfall

d)

Overall size of the habitat

63.

Competition becomes more important as the number of individuals ______ or the availability of resources _________.

a)

increases, decreases

b)

increases, increases

c)

decreases, increases

d)

decreases, decreases

64.

What is a habitat?

a)

The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.

b)

The interrelationship of a species with all the biotic and abiotic factors affecting it.

c)

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

d)

The natural home or environment of non-living organisms.

65.

What could change the equilibrium of an ecosystem?

a)

A rainy day

b)

Same organisms eating the same food

c)

A new species being introduced into it

66.

During a forest fire most vegetation (plants) burn. Which ecological succession will take place after a forest fire?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

67.

When death rate is equal to birth rate...

a)

population increases

b)

population decreases

c)

population stays the same.

d)

population rapidly increases then becomes stable

68.

What are groups of different populations living togther in the same place at the same time called?

a)

An organism

b)

A population

c)

A community

d)

A biosphere

69.

A group of the same organisms living together in the same place at the same time is:

a)

An organism

b)

A population

c)

A community

d)

A biome

70.
Water temperature would be an example of ...
a)
a biotic factor.
b)
an abiotic factor.
71.

Living factors or organisms that affect an ecosystem are

a)

abiotic factors

b)

species

c)

trophic level

d)

biotic factors

72.
What are the ecological levels of organization from smallest to the largest?
a)
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
b)
organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
c)
organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere.
d)
organism, community, population, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere
73.
What would most likely happen if the rabbit population was removed from the food chain grass —› rabbit —› fox?
a)
their would be more grass
b)
there would be less rabbits
c)
there would be more fox
74.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
75.

Which of these organisms is the secondary consumer?

a)

Owl

b)

Mouse

c)

Grass

d)

Insect

76.

Which of these organisms is the producer?

a)

Owl

b)

Mouse

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Grass

77.
In an energy pyramid, 
a)
the organisms in each level eat those in the level below them
b)
the amount of energy increases as you move up each level
c)
producers are at the top
d)
the smallest organisms are at the top
78.

What is pollution?

a)

When small materials get into the environment

b)

When clean materials get into the environment

c)

When harmful materials get into the environment

79.

What are the abiotic factors in this image?

a)

water, sunlight, dirt, air

b)

birds and plants

c)

water, plants, and birds

80.

Which of the following is an example of a greenhouse gas which causes climate change?

a)
Carbon Dioxide
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Oxygen
d)
Neon
81.

This image demonstrates that

a)

There is a direct correlation with the atmospheric CO2 and the CO2 in seawater

b)

That pH of the ocean increases as the atmospheric CO2 increases

c)

That there is no correlation between pH of the ocean and atmospheric CO2

82.

As the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere/oceans increases, the acidity of the ocean _____________.

a)

Decreases

b)

Increases

83.

All the following is classified as a nonrenewable resource, BUT...

a)

oil

b)

natural gas

c)

water

d)

coal

84.

The following are renewable sources of energy

a)

wind and water

b)

coal and natural gas

c)

sunlight and petroleum

d)

minerals and oil

85.

The following are nonrenewable sources of energy

a)

wind and water

b)

coal and natural gas

c)

sunlight and petroleum

d)

minerals and oil

86.

Fossil fuels are

a)

Renewable resource

b)

Nonrenewable resource

87.

What do limiting factors do?

a)

Separate biotic factors from abiotic factors.

b)

Determine which is the predator and which is the prey.

c)

Regulate how many organisms live in an ecosystem.

d)

Determine which natural disasters will hit an area.

88.

In biology, what is carrying capacity?

a)


How much weight an organism can lift.

b)

The maximum population size an ecosystem can support.

c)

A total list of the limiting factors.

d)

How much pain an organism can tolerate.

89.

What do decomposers do?

a)

Feed on carnivores exclusively.

b)

Break down and recycle dead organisms and organic matter.

c)

Prevent living organisms from taking up space in an ecosystem.

d)

Feed on producers exclusively.

90.

If a natural disaster devastates an ecosystem, what will this do to the carrying capacity of the population of a species within that ecosystem?

a)


Increase it.

b)


Will not affect it, so it will stay the same.

c)


Decrease it.

d)


Always reduce it down to zero.

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