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CE 34 Final Exam

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which one of the followings is not considered as geostatic stresses?

a)

Total stress

b)

Effective stress

c)

Pore water pressure

d)

Triaxial pressure

2.

With the soil profile shown below. Calculate the total stress, effective stress and pore water pressure at the ground level, at 4m, 6m, 10m and 15m depth.

(a)  

3.

Geologists Briefly explain the Shear Strength of soil. List THREE (3) that factor govern to increase of shear strength in soil.

a)

The frictional resistance between the particles at their point of contact

b)

The action of temperature, gravity, wind, rain and chemical weathering

c)

Cohesion between particles

d)

Interlocking between particles.

e)

All above

4.

Determine the stress increase, ∆σz, at A, given the following data:

q1 = 70 kN/m x1 = 3m z = 2m

q2 = 15 kN/m x2 = 1m

4 lines
5.

The HIGHER the plasticity of soil, the LESS compressible of the soil. TRUE OR FALSE?

a)

FALSE

b)

TRUE

6.

The minimum water content at which the soil just begins to crumble when rolled into threads 3 mm in diameter, is known

a)

Liquid Limit

b)

Plastic Limit

c)

Shrinkage Limit

d)

Plasticity Index

7.
What is the property of water that allows it to stick to other water molecules?
a)
Capillary Action
b)
Solubility
c)
Adhesion
d)
Cohesion
8.

Capillarity occurs due to

a)

cohesion and adhesion

b)

gravitational movement

c)

hygroscopic adhesion

9.

Name the two parameter of the soil shear strength; one is cohesion, the other one is (a)  

10.

Two condition in shear strength analysis

a)

normal and shear

b)

total and effective

c)

cohesion and shear

d)

resistance and shear

11.

Cohesive soil such as silt and clay has internal friction angle.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

12.

Soil generally fails in ___________________

a)

normal stress

b)

shear

c)

shear strength

13.

Failure plane or failure surface is representation of shear failure.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

14.

τ = c + σ tan Φ

a)

is a Mohr Coulomb Criterion

b)

shear strength with two parameters

c)

c is cohesion

d)

Φ is internal friction angle

e)

all of them

15.

Calculate the current overburden stress at mid of clay layer, σo. If the pre-consolidation of clay soil, σc is 100 kN/m2, the clay soil condition is normally consolidated soil.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

16.

Define the equation of settlement if we want to obtain settlement for the mid clay layer. The soil profile also have an external loading from embankment (assume to be wide enough) with Q of 20 kN/m2 laid at the ground surface. Given the effective pre-consolidation pressure is 80 kN/m2. Assume the unit weight of water is 10 kN/m3.

a)

Normally consolidated

b)

Over consolidated soil with Cc parameter only

c)

Over consolidated soil with Cc and Cr parameter

17.

Settlement is a __________ of ground movement due to compression and consolidation

a)

magnitude

b)

volume change

c)

rate

18.

Immediate settlement occurred

a)

in a small amount in sand compare to clay

b)

instantaneously after the application of loading

c)

induce plastic soil rearrangement

19.

Three factors that will affect the consolidation are as follows EXCEPT for

a)

time

b)

drainage height

c)

pore water pressure

d)

soil volume

20.

The coefficient of consolidation can be obtained either using Casagrande and Taylor method. Choose NOT TRUE statement

a)

define the degree of consolidation at 50% and 90%, respectively.

b)

for Casagrande, the Tv is 0.196

c)

for Taylor, the Tv is 0.848

d)

address in-unit mm/s

21.

The 2 components of in-situ stress that are often measured

a)

Liquid Stress and Total Stress

b)

Stress and Solid Pressure

c)

Tensile Stress and Pressure

d)

Total Stress and Fluid Pressure

22.

Name the two parameter of the soil shear strength

a)

internal friction angle

b)

cohesion

c)

normal stress

d)

shear stress

23.

Consolidated Drained triaxial test produced ________

a)

normal shear strength parameter

b)

total shear strength parameter

c)

effective shear strength parameter

24.

Cohesive soil such as silt and clay has internal friction angle.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

25.

To obtain the shear strength of the soil. What types of laboratory test can be conducted

a)

Consolidation test

b)

Triaxial test

c)

Shear box test

d)

Permeability test

26.

Which are the types of Triaxial Test

a)

Consolidated Drained

b)

Unconsolidated Drained

c)

Consolidated Undrained

d)

Unconsolidated Undrained

27.

In CD Triaxial Test, during the consolidation stage. What pressure we apply?

a)

Deviator stress

b)

Cell pressure

c)

Axial stress

28.

During the consolidation stage in CD Triaxial Test, what is the condition of the valve of pore water pressure?

a)

closed

b)

opened

29.

During the shearing stage in CD Triaxial Test, you will apply ____________

a)

σ3

b)

σd

c)

σ1

30.

Deviator, σd = ___________

a)

σ1 + σ3

b)

σ1 - σ3

31.

Stages in CD Triaxial Test

a)

Saturation > Consolidation > Shearing

b)

Sample preparation > Consolidation > Shearing

c)

Sample preparation > Saturation > Consolidation > Shearing

d)

Sample preparation > Consolidation > Saturation > Shearing

32.

What are the disadvantages of the CD Triaxial Test?

a)

analysis not accurate

b)

will take longer time

c)

will increase the cost

d)

analyse the true behavior of the soil for long term stability

33.

In CD Triaxial Test, during the shearing stage. The valve of pore water pressure will kept opened.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

34.

Consolidation settlement happened due to stress________ in soil mass, causing excess pore water pressure increase and eventually the pore water pressure dissipates. The soil experience changes in _______ and finally the soil will settle.

a)

Reduce, volume

b)

Increase, volume

35.

In unconfined compression test the value of σ2 and σ3 is equal to

a)

1

b)

0

c)

0.5

d)

None

36.

The unconfined compression test is derived from?

a)

Direct shear test

b)

Vane shear test

c)

Triaxial compression test

d)

Drained test

37.

The unconfined compression test is generally applicable to ____________

a)

Unsaturated clay

b)

Saturated clay

c)

Fine grained soil

d)

Coarse grained soil

38.

In plastic failure, load corresponding to __________ strain is arbitrarily taken as the failure load.

a)

10%

b)

5%

c)

20%

d)

50%

39.

When the Mohr circle is drawn in unconfined compression test, its radius will be equal to ____________

a)

Cu

b)

qu

c)

Ru

d)

None of these

40.

In-situ vane shear test is used to measure shear strength of

a)

Very soft and sensitive clays

b)

Stiff and fissured clays

c)

Sandy soils

d)

All the above

41.

UCC test is a

a)

Drained test

b)

Undrained test

c)

None of the above

d)

Either of the above

42.

The shear vanes were lowered gradually without disturbing the soil specimen so that the top of the vane is at least ----- below the top of the specimen.

a)

20mm

b)

10mm

c)

20cm

d)

10cm

43.

Failure of soil sample in vane shear test is indicated by

a)

return of strain indicator

b)

return of dummy needle

c)

any of these

d)

None of these

44.

The un-drained test is carried out on sample of clay, silt, and peat to determine _____________

a)

Shear Strength of natural ground and Sensitivity

b)

Pore pressure

c)

None of the mentioned

d)

All of the mentioned

45.

In an un-drained test on saturated clays, both σ1’ and σ3’ is independent of ____________

a)

Pore pressure

b)

Shear strength

c)

Cell pressure

d)

Effective pressure

46.

Which of the following cannot be obtained by using un-drained test?

a)

Effective stress failure envelope

b)

Shear strength

c)

sensitivity

d)

All of the mentioned

47.

The change in the pore pressure during an un-drained shear can be explained by ___________

a)

Lateral pressure

b)

Effective stress

c)

Pore pressure parameter

d)

Mohr’s circle

48.

Negative pore pressure in clay or sand is developed due to __________

a)

Expansion on loading

b)

Over loading

c)

Loose structure

d)

Compaction

49.

If the pore pressure is measured during un-drained stage of the test, the result can be expressed in terms of __________

a)

C’ and φ

b)

cu

c)

None of the mentioned

d)

All of the mentioned

50.

The equation for the unconsolidated un drainage strength of clay is __________

a)

τ = c + σ tan φ

b)

τf = ccu + σ tan φcu

c)

τ = c + σ

d)

τ = σ tan φ

51.

Which of the following parameter is used to represent unconfined compressive strength at failure?

a)

τf

b)

cu

c)

qu

d)

Au

52.

Which of the following strength test is commonly used in the laboratory?

a)

Direct shear test

b)

Confined compression test

c)

Tri axial shear test

d)

Unconfined shear test

53.

Which of the following outlet is provided at the base of the tri axial test apparatus?

a)

Cell fluid inlet

b)

Pore water outlet

c)

Drainage outlet

d)

All of the mentioned

54.

Pore pressure developed in the tri axial test can be measured by ____________

a)

Bishop’s apparatus

b)

Pore pressure apparatus

c)

Terzaghi’s apparatus

d)

Mohr’s apparatus

55.

The vertical stress on the solid cylindrical test apparatus is applied by ____________

a)

Major principal stress

b)

Minor principal stress

c)

Intermediate principal stress

d)

All of the mentioned

56.

The deviator stress developed in the proving ring, through the applied pressure is equal to are____________

a)

σ1 + σ3

b)

σ1 – σ3

c)

σ2 – σ3

d)

σ2 + σ1

57.

When the sol is in the state of stress, it is said to be in _____________

a)

Constant state

b)

Plastic equilibrium

c)

Stress conditioned state

d)

Equilibrium condition

58.

The deviator stress σd is given by __________

a)

σd = σ1 + σ

b)

σd = σ3 – σ1

c)

σd=additional axial load/A2

d)

σd = σ1 – σ3

59.

Which of the following is an advantage of using tri axial test?

a)

Accurate result is not possible

b)

The plane of shear failure is predetermined

c)

Stress conditions are complex

d)

Precise measurement

60.

Which of the following shear test is developed based on drainage conditions?

a)

Quick test and Consolidated un drained test

b)

Direct shear test

c)

None of the mentioned

d)

All of the mentioned

61.

The direct shear test can also be called as ___________

a)

Simple shear test

b)

Stress test

c)

Strain controlled shear box test

d)

All of the mentioned

62.

The coefficient of consolidation can be determined by comparing characteristics of _______

a)

time factor Tv and degree of consolidation U

b)

degree of consolidation U and pore pressure u

c)

pore pressure u and effective pressure σ’

d)

effective pressure σ’ and total pressure σ

63.

In Vane shear test, torque rod is rotated at a uniform speed of:

a)

0.1 Degree per second

b)

1 Degree per minute

c)

1' per minute

d)

1' per second

64.

The shearing strength of a cohesion-less soil depends upon

a)

dry density

b)

rate of loading

c)

confining pressure

d)

nature of loading.

65.
Which is the main feature of an oedometer test?
a)
The horizontal stresses are zero
b)
The horizontal strains are prevented
c)
The volumetric strain is zero
66.
The general procedure for performing a triaxial test involves the following steps, in order:
a)
Saturation, isotropic consolidation and shearing
b)
Saturation, shearing and isotropic consolidation
c)
Shearing
67.
If the shearing phase of a saturated specimen is undrained we have
a)
Variation of void ratio and a constant pw
b)
Variation of pw and a constant void ratio
c)
Variation of pw and of void ratio
68.

For an OC soil the in-situ horizontal effective stress depends on

a)

Vertical total stress, pore water pressure and stress history

b)

Vertical effective stress

c)

Only the characteristics of the geomaterial

69.

For a NC soil the in-situ horizontal effective stress depends on.

a)

Vertical total stress, pw and stress history

b)

Vertical effective stress

c)

Only the characteristics of the geomaterial

70.
Along principal planes
a)
Normal stresses are zero
b)
Shear stresses are zero
c)
All stresses are zero
71.
Which is the preconsolidation pressure of a specimen characterized by an actual mean effective stress of 1000 kPa and an OCR of 5?
a)
5000 kPa
b)
200 kPa
c)
1005 kPa
72.

The preconsolidation pressure with respect to settlement

a)

increases if settlement increases

b)

increases if settlement decreases

c)

is not affected by settlement

73.

The shear strength of clays with respect to cohesion

a)

increases if cohesion increases

b)

increases if cohesion decreases

c)

is not affected by cohesion

74.
If we pump water from an underground water table, the ground surface will experience:
a)
A settlement, due to the decrease in effective stress
b)
A heave, due to the increase in effective stress
c)
A settlement, due to the increase in effective stress
75.

The gradual subsiding of a structure as the soil beneath its foundation consolidates under loading

a)

Foundation

b)

Shallow foundation

c)

Footing

d)

Settlement

76.

The gradual reduction in the volume of a soil mass resulting from the application of a sustained load and an increase in compressive stresses

a)

Primary consolidation

b)

Differential settlement

c)

Secondary consolidation

d)

Consolidation

77.

A reduction in volume of a soil mass under the action of a sustained load, due chiefly to a squeezing out of water from the voids within the mass and a transfer of the load from the soil water to the soil solids

a)

Primary consolidation

b)

Differential settlement

c)

Secondary consolidation

d)

Consolidation

78.

A reduction in volume of a soil mass under the action of a sustained load, due chiefly to adjustment of the internal structure of the soil mass after most of the load has been transferred from the soil water to the soil solids

a)

Primary consolidation

b)

Differential settlement

c)

Secondary consolidation

d)

Consolidation

79.

The relative movement of different parts of a structure caused by uneven settlement or failure of its foundation

a)

Primary consolidation

b)

Differential settlement

c)

Secondary consolidation

d)

Consolidation

80.

Non-uniform soil pressure is caused by lateral forces while the friction between footings and soil can create __________.

a)

Soil pressure

b)

Active earth pressure

c)

Passive earth pressure

d)

Shear resistance

81.

The actual pressure developed between a footing and the supporting soil mass, equal to the quotient of the magnitude of the forces transmitted and the area of contact

a)

Soil pressure

b)

Active earth pressure

c)

Passive earth pressure

d)

Shear resistance

82.

Zone in a loaded soil mass bounded by an arbitrarily selected isobar of stress, from a single or number of friction piles

a)

Negative friction

b)

Pressure bulb

c)

Isobar

d)

Timber pile

83.

At a planned construction site, a 2m thick buried clay layer lies beneath a surface stratum of free draining soil. Free draining granular soil also underlies the clay layer. Double drainage from the clay layer can therefore occur when construction loads cause consolidation. The coefficient of consolidation for the clay is 0.001 m2/day. Settlement calculations indicate that the clay layer will eventually compress 4 cm. (primary compression or consolidation) due to the effect of building loads.


How long a time period is required for 90% of the estimated settlement to occur?

How much settlement occurs in the first 12 months considering the degree of consolidation is equal to the ratio of Sct/Sc where Sct = settlement of the layer at time “t” while Sc = ultimate settlement of the layer from primary consolidation

4 lines
84.

A cohesive soil specimen has a shearing resistance equal to 28 degrees and a cohesion of 32. if the maximum shearing stress of the soil sample is equal to 64 kPa.

Determine the following:

a. Lateral pressure in the cell for failure

b. Max. principal stress to cause the failure

c. Normal stress at the point of max. shear

4 lines
85.

Soil investigation at a site gave the following information. Fine sand exists to a depth of 10.6 m and below this lies a soft clay layer 7.60 m thick. The water table is at 4.60 m below the ground surface. The submerged unit weight of sand yb is 10.4 kN/m3, (take note that the submerged unit weight is equal to saturated unit weight of the soil minus the unit weight of water) and the wet unit weight above the water table is 17.6 kN/m3. The water content of the normally consolidated clay w = 40%, its liquid limit = 45%, and the specific gravity of the solid particles is 2.78. The proposed construction will transmit a net stress of 120 kPa at the middle of the clay layer. Find the average settlement of the clay layer.

4 lines

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