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WorksheetsCOORDINATION AND RESPONSE IN HUMANS
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 32mins
External stimulus includes
Light
Blood osmotic pressure
Pressure
Blood sugar level
2, 3, 1, 5, 4
2, 5, 1, 4, 3
1, 5, 4, 3, 2
2, 1, 4, 3, 5
________ ensures the overall activities and systems of an organism function and are synchronised perfectly as a complete unit.
Stimulus
Response
Coordination
Nerve impulses
What is the sensory receptor that detects changes in pressure, which is an internal stimulus?
Mechanoreceptor
Photoreceptor
Nociceptor
Baroreceptor
Response is the way organisms react after detecting a stimulus. What is an example of response?
The feel of pain when being punched
Feeling hot in summer
Hitting a mosquito on your arm
Answer the telephone when it rings
All receptors can be considered as energy converters. For example, ____________ converts light energy into electrical signals.
Thermoreceptor
Chemoreceptor
Photoreceptor
Nociceptor
The central nervous system includes
Cranial nerve
Brain
Spinal nerve
Spinal cord
The coordination and control centre for humans is the
Spinal cord
Sensory receptors
Brain
Effectors
Which part of the human brain controls emotions, hearing, sight, personality and controlled actions?
Cerebrum
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
A function of the cerebellum is to
Regulate body temperature
Connects the nervous system to the endocrine system
Maintains body balance
Controls blood pressure
Sensory perception 感知 is produced at
Medulla oblongata
Pituitary gland
Cerebrum
Hypothalamus
Involuntary actions such as vomiting, coughing, sneezing and swallowing are controlled by
Medulla oblongata
Hypothalamus
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Coordination of muscle contraction is controlled by ____________ for body movement.
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
The spinal cord 脊髓 is contained within the
Bone 骨头
Vertebral column 脊柱
Brain 脑
Spinal nerve 脊神经
Cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液 has the function to
Protect the spinal cords
Supply nutrients to the spinal cord
Send nerve impulses to the brain
Accelerate the transmission of nerve impulses
The inner part of the spinal cord is __________ which comprises mainly ___________
White matter, cell bodies
Grey matter, dendrites and axons
White matter, dendrites and axons
Grey matter, cell bodies
The outer part of the spinal cord is __________ which consists of _________
White matter, axons
Grey matter, axons
White matter, dendrites
Grey matter, dendrites
The spinal nerves 脊神经 extends from the spinal cord 脊髓 through ___________
Dorsal root 背根
Ventral root 腹根
Cube root
Square root
Dorsal root ganglion 背根神经节 mainly contains
Cell bodies of sensory neurones
Axon of sensory neurones
Cell bodies of motor neurones
Axon of motor neurones
Motor neurones 运动神经元 can be found in
Dorsal root ganglion 背根神经节
Dorsal root 背根
Ventral root 腹根
Spinal nerve 脊神经
The peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统 consists of the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system. Which nervous system controls vasoconstriction?
Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Both autonomic and somatic nervous system
None of the above
Why we cannot resist sneezing?
It is a voluntary action
It is an involuntary action
It is controlled by the somatic nervous system
It is controlled by the autonomic nervous system
Which structure sends signals to muscle cells, gland cells or other neurone dendrites?
A, cell body
B, nucleus
C, axon
D, synaptic knob
What is the name of the structure?
Node of Ranvier 郎飞氏结
Myelin Sheath 髓鞘
Axon 轴突
Dendrite 树突
A node of Ranvier has the function to
Protect the dendrite
Protect the axon
Accelerate the flow of nerve impulses
Integrates signals 整合信息
Which of the following is NOT a function of the structure of the neurone?
To protect neurones from injury
Acts as an insulator for electrical impulses
To protect the dendrite
To provide nutrients to the axon
What is the correct direction of the flow of nerve impulses?
A, B, C, D, E
E, D, C, B, A
A, B, D, E
E, D, B, A
Which type of neurone carries nerve impulses from the sensory organ receptors to the central nervous system?
Motor neurone
Relay neurone
Sensory neurone
The text above describes
Motor neurone
Relay neurone
Sensory neurone
None of the above
Motor neurone sends nerves impulses to effectors such as
Glands
Muscles
Body hair
Body fluid
Name the neurone
(a)
Name the neurone
(a)
Name the neurone
(a)
A: Synapse
A: Synaptic knob
B: Dendrite of the receiving neurone
B: Axon of the receiving neurone
X: Neurotransmitter
X: Mitochondrion
Y: Synaptic knob
Y: Synaptic vesicle
Which of the following is NOT an example of neurotransmitters?
Serotonin 血清素
Dopamine 多巴胺
Histamine 组织胺
Acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱
Noradrenaline 去甲肾上腺素
Why does the synaptic knob contain numerous 很多 mitochondria?
(有一个答案不在课本)
To generate the energy required for the passive transport of neurotransmitters
To generate the energy required for the excretion of neurotransmitters through exocytosis 胞吐
To generate the energy required by the enzyme in synapses to decomposes the excessive neurotransmitter
To generate the energy required for the synthesis of neurotransmitters
Nerve impulses travel in only one direction because the specific receptor protein for neurotransmitters can only be found at
Synaptic knob
Synaptic vesicle
Synapse
Dendrite of the receiving neurone
Involuntary actions are actions controlled by
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
Cerebrum
Spinal cord
Involuntary action involves the reaction of the
Glands
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue
The cerebral cortex 大脑皮层 controls which of the following actions?
Raising your hand to answer a question
Knee jerk reflex 膝跳反射
Coughing 咳嗽
Pupil reflex 瞳孔反射（瞳孔扩张收缩）
A (a) is a fast response to a stimulus without being controlled by the brain.
Which of the following is FALSE about the knee jerk reflex?
Nerve impulse is not transmitted through the relay neurone
This is a three-neurone reflex arc
The quadriceps muscle 股四头肌 is both the stimulus to the stretch receptor and the effector
This is an involuntary action
This action is controlled by the autonomic nervous system
What is the main difference between the three-neurone reflex arc and the two-neurone reflex arc?
Relay neurones are not required in the two-neurone reflex arc, but required in the three-neurone reflex arc
Motor neurones are not required in the two-neurone reflex arc, but required in the three-neurone reflex arc
Sensory neurones are not required in the two-neurone reflex arc, but required in the three-neurone reflex arc
Alzheimer's disease 阿尔兹海默症 causes the patient to
lose the ability to reason (=think)
suffer from muscle spasms 痉挛
forgetful
hyperactive
Epilepsy 癫痫 occurs when there is abnormal activities in certain parts of the brain, causing the nerve cells to
Produce unusual signals
Become unable to function
Be attacked by viruses
Become excessively sensitive to stimuli
Most autism patients 自闭症患者
are hyperactive
cannot maintain body posture
face difficulties to communicate
are open-minded
Caffeine 咖啡因 is considered as a type of stimulant drugs. Choose TWO correct statements about caffeine.
(有关生物第七章内容)
Increases the activity of the central nervous system
Causes the user to hallucinate 幻觉
Delays the normal functions of the brain
Has a similar structure as adenosine 腺苷
Drugs are not only harmful to human body, they are also used for medical purposes.
For example, __________ is used by doctors in small quantities to reduce nausea 恶心 in cancer patients after undergoing chemotherapy 化疗 treatment.
Heroin 海洛因
Cocaine 可卡因
Marijuana 大麻
Magic mushrooms 神奇蘑菇!!!
____________ are used to cure anxiety or help with sleep because this type of drugs delay the transmission of nerve impulses.
Stimulant drugs / Stimulant
Sedative drugs / Depressants
Hallucinogenic drugs
Narcotic drugs
