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Medical Micro 5: Neurological Infections

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Nervous system contains no known microbiota

a)

True

b)

False

2.

The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the

a)

dendrites

b)

ganglia

c)

neuron

d)

spinal cord

3.

Central Nervous System (CNS) includes

a)

brain

b)

skull

c)

cranial nerves

d)

vertebral canal

e)

spinal cord

4.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is not protected by bone

a)

True

b)

False

5.

periosteum (endosteal layer) of the skull and the inner dura or meningeal layer

a)

Dura Mater

b)

Arachnoid

c)

Pia Mater

d)

Subdural space

e)

Subarachnoid space

6.

lies between the dura and the arachnoid, many small veins there

a)

Dura Mater

b)

Arachnoid

c)

Pia Mater

d)

Subdural space

e)

Subarachnoid space

7.

Contains CSF, lies between the arachnoid and pia mater

a)

Dura Mater

b)

Arachnoid

c)

Pia Mater

d)

Subdural space

e)

Subarachnoid space

8.

target for lumbar puncture to withdraw CSF

a)

Dura Mater

b)

Arachnoid

c)

Pia Mater

d)

Subdural space

e)

Subarachnoid space

9.

______ in the CSF is indicative of infection

a)

antibodies

b)

bacterial cells

c)

other organisms

10.

involves removal of CSF from the spinal canal

a)

lumbar puncture

b)

spinal tap

c)

epidural

d)

excision and drainage

11.

The neurons are a potential site of infection

a)

True

b)

False - the meninges

c)

False - the meninges and neurons

d)

False - anything in the CSF

12.

The blood-brain barrier protects:

a)

brain

b)

skull

c)

spinal cord

d)

vertebral canal

13.

What creates the blood-brain barrier?

a)

desmosomes

b)

gap junctions

c)

tight junctions

d)

adhering junctions

14.

The blood-brain barrier allows _____ in through selective transport

a)

water

b)

some gases

c)

lipid-soluble membranes

d)

glucose

e)

amino acids

15.

The blood-brain barrier allows _____ in by passive diffusion

a)

water

b)

some gases

c)

lipid-soluble membranes

d)

glucose

e)

amino acids

16.

__________ is a gatekeeper of the blood-brain barrier

a)

Norepinephrine

b)

Alpha-adrenergic

c)

P-glycoprotein

d)

girl bosses

17.

P-glycoprotein actively transports many __________, ___________ drugs out of the cell.

a)

hydrophobic, amphiphatic

b)

hydrophilic, amphiphatic

18.

Which of these bacterium are NOT classified as atypical:

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Legionella

c)

Actionmyces

d)

Mycoplasma

19.

Which of these suffixes would NOT be a gram-positive bacteria

a)

-coccus

b)

-bacillus

c)

-bacterium

d)

-bacter

20.

Gram stain and culture of CSF is helpful in diagnosis of bacterial or fungal meningitis, which describes S. pneumonia?

a)

gram positive diplocci

b)

gram negative diplocci

c)

gram negative small pleomorphic coccobacilli

d)

gram positive rods and coccobacilli

21.

Gram stain and culture of CSF is helpful in diagnosis of bacterial or fungal meningitis, which describes N. meningitiditis

a)

gram positive diplocci

b)

gram negative diplocci

c)

gram negative small pleomorphic coccobacilli

d)

gram positive rods and coccobacilli

22.

Gram stain and culture of CSF is helpful in diagnosis of bacterial or fungal meningitis, which describes H. influenzae?

a)

gram positive diplocci

b)

gram negative diplocci

c)

gram negative small pleomorphic coccobacilli

d)

gram positive rods and coccobacilli

23.

Gram stain and culture of CSF is helpful in diagnosis of bacterial or fungal meningitis, which describes Listeria Monocytogenes?

a)

gram positive diplocci

b)

gram negative diplocci

c)

gram negative small pleomorphic coccobacilli

d)

gram positive rods and coccobacilli

24.

Top three causes of bacterial meningitis

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Streptococcus pneumonia

c)

Haemophilus influenzae b

d)

Listeria Monocytogenes

25.

Causative agent of menigococcal meningitis

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Streptococcus pneumonia

c)

Haemophilus influenzae b

d)

Listeria Monocytogenes

26.

Causative agent of pneumococcal meningitis

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Streptococcus pneumonia

c)

Haemophilus influenzae b

d)

Listeria Monocytogenes

27.

Meningococcal meningitis

a)

Vaccine NOT available

b)

Vaccine available for kids and adults

c)

Vaccines available

28.

Pneumococcal meningitis

a)

Vaccine NOT available

b)

Vaccine available for kids and adults

c)

Vaccines available

29.

H. influenzae bacterial meningitis

a)

Vaccine NOT available

b)

Vaccine available for kids and adults

c)

Vaccines available

30.

Vaccines for meningococcal meningitis

a)

Menveo

b)

Menactra

c)

Nimenrix (with tetanus)

d)

Pneumovax 23

e)

Prevnar

31.

Vaccine for pneumococcal meningitis

a)

Menveo

b)

Menactra

c)

Nimenrix (with tetanus)

d)

Pneumovax 23

e)

Prevnar

32.

Vaccines exist, but no single vaccine provides immunity to all forms of meningitis

a)

True

b)

False

33.

Primary symptoms suggestive of meningitis

a)

Nausea

b)

Headaches

c)

Stiff neck

d)

Fever

e)

Altered mental status

34.

When the patient's neck is flexed, flexion of the knee and hip is produced

a)

Brudzinski's sign

b)

Kernig's sign

35.

When the patient is lying down with the thigh flexed on the abdomen, the leg cannot be completely flexed

a)

Brudzinski's sign

b)

Kernig's sign

36.

CSF values for the etiology of bacterial meningitis

a)

WBC (neutrophils) high

b)

WBC (lymphocytes) high

c)

Protein high

d)

Glucose low

37.

CSF values for etiology of viral meningitis

a)

WBC (neutrophils) high

b)

WBC (lymphocytes) high

c)

Protein high

d)

Glucose low

38.

Listeriosis is transmitted by

a)

person to person by large respiratory droplets

b)

eating contaminated food

39.

Meningococcal meningitis is transmitted by

a)

person to person by large respiratory droplets

b)

eating contaminated food

40.

Treatment of Listeria involves antibiotics

a)

True - 1 week course of antibiotic treatment

b)

True - 2 week course of antibiotic treatment

c)

False - vaccine prevention only

d)

False - no treatment, will run its course in 2 weeks

41.

Causative agent of Tetanus

a)

Clostridium tetani

b)

Clostridium botulinum

c)

Myobacterium leprae

42.

Causative agent of Botulism

a)

Clostridium tetani

b)

Clostridium botulinum

c)

Myobacterium leprae

43.

Clostridium tetani is

a)

Aerobic

b)

Anaerobic

c)

Gram positive

d)

Gram negative

e)

Endospore forming

44.

Symptoms of tentanus intoxication develop rapidly and include

a)

Coma

b)

Stiff neck

c)

Trismus (lockjaw)

d)

Opisthotonus

e)

Spasmodic inhalation and seizures

45.

This symptom of tetanus involves spasms of the jaw muscle and clenching of the teeth

a)

Trismus

b)

Opisthotonus

46.

This symptom of tetanus involves muscles spasms that cause an arching of the back

a)

Trismus

b)

Opisthotonus

47.

Clostridum botulinum is

a)

Spore forming

b)

Gram positive rod

c)

Gram negative chain

d)

Aerobic

e)

Anaerobic

48.

If botulism is treated early,

a)

a vaccine can be administered

b)

a two week course of antibiotics can be administered

c)

larges doses of antitoxins can neutralize the toxin

49.

Most botulism outbreaks are related to

a)

uncooked raw food from animal sources

b)

unwashed cutting board

c)

home-canned foods

d)

foods eaten cold

50.

Infant botulism (floppy baby syndrome) frequently occurs when an infant is fed:

a)

raw meat

b)

honey

c)

syrup

d)

vegan products

e)

formula milk

51.

Causative agent of Leprosy (Hansen disease)

a)

Clostridium tetani

b)

Clostridium botulinum

c)

Myobacterium leprae

52.

Neuro complications of leprosy include:

a)

hyperactive muscle contractions

b)

numbness and muscle weakness

c)

thickening of peripheral nerves

d)

can lead to permanent disability

53.

Which of the following about viral meningitis is NOT true?

a)

Viruses cause aseptic meningitis

b)

Most cases caused by enteroviruses

c)

Viral meningitis is more serious than bacterial meningitis

d)

Treatment involves bed rest and drinking plenty of fluids

54.

Encephalitis is an inflammation of the

a)

brain

b)

spinal cord

c)

meninges

d)

pia mater

e)

dura mater

55.

Leprosy is spread via

a)

nasal secretions

b)

respiratory secretions

56.

Most bacterial meningitis is caused by enterovirsuses

a)

False - viral meningitis

b)

False - leprosy

c)

True

57.

Primary encephalitis can be due to herpes viruses

a)

True

b)

False

58.

Arboviral encephalitis is transmitted

a)

person to person

b)

animal host to person

59.

Abrovirsuses include:

a)

Rabies virus

b)

Polio virus

c)

West Nile Fever

d)

Zika Virus

60.

In animals with furious rabies, symptoms include:

a)

Wide eyes

b)

Drooling

c)

Unprovoked attacks

d)

Docile

e)

Lethargic

61.

In animals with dumb rabies, symptoms include:

a)

Wide eyes

b)

Drooling

c)

Unprovoked attacks

d)

Docile

e)

Lethargic

62.

The symptom of hydrophobia (fear of water) is seen in what virus:

a)

Rabies virus

b)

Polio virus

c)

West Nile Fever

d)

Zika virus

63.

What virus is almost totally eradicated because of the success of its trivalent vaccine?

a)

Rabies virus

b)

Polio virus

c)

West Nile Fever

d)

Zika virus

64.

Causative agent of Cryptococcosis (lung disease):

a)

C. neoformans

b)

C. gattii

c)

C. immitis

d)

C. posadasii

e)

T. gondii

65.

Causative agent of Coccidiomycosis/valley fever:

a)

C. neoformans

b)

C. gattii

c)

C. immitis

d)

C. posadasii

e)

T. gondii

66.

Causative agent of Toxoplasmosis:

a)

Toxoplasma gondii

b)

Naegleria fowleri

c)

Trypanosoma brucei

67.

Which disease can cause meningo-encephalitis in immunocompromised:

a)

Cryptococcosis

b)

Coccidiomycosis

c)

Toxoplasmosis

68.

Treatment for cryptococcosis

a)

Anti fungals

b)

Amphotericin B

c)

Flucytosine/fluconazole

d)

Fluconazole for life

e)

Trimethoprim/sulfamethox

69.

Treatment for Coccidiomycosis

a)

Amphotericin B

b)

Flucytosine/fluconazole

c)

Fluconazole for life

d)

Trimethoprim/sulfamethox

70.

Treatment for toxoplasmosis

a)

Amphotericin B

b)

Flucytosine/fluconazole

c)

Fluconazole for life

d)

Trimethoprim/sulfamethox

71.

Which disease may progress to coccidiodial meningitis

a)

Cryptococcosis

b)

Coccidiomycosis

c)

Toxoplasmosis

72.

Which disease may cause encephalitis in immunocompromised patients:

a)

Cryptococcosis

b)

Coccidiomycosis

c)

Toxoplasmosis

73.

Which disease is transmitted to humans via contaminated beef, pork, or lamb

a)

Cryptococcosis

b)

Coccidiomycosis

c)

Toxoplasmosis

74.

Causative agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)

a)

Toxoplasma gondii

b)

Naegleria fowleri

c)

Trypanosoma brucei

75.

Naegleria fowleri

a)

transmitted to humans via contaminated beef, pork, or lamb

b)

enters the body through a skin wound contaminated

c)

inhaled from swimming in warm waters

d)

enters nose and swims up to brain along the olfactory tracts

e)

causes a rare fatal disease, PAM, with limited success of treatment

76.

There is an acute and chronic form of Human African "sleeping sickness" (Trypanosomiasis)

a)

True

b)

False

77.

Symptoms of the chronic form of Human African "sleeping sickness" (Trypanosoma)

a)

bouts of fever

b)

headache

c)

inverse sleeping pattern

d)

coma

e)

change in mental status

78.

Causative agent of Human African "sleeping sickness" (trypanosomiasis):

a)

T. gondii

b)

N. fowleri

c)

T. brucei

79.

How does meningococcal disease spread?

a)

IV drug use or sexual contact

b)

Sexual contact only

c)

Exchanged of respiratory secretions during close contact such as kissing or coughing

d)

Foodborne

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