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Hormones, Homeostasis and Reproduction Review (Topic 6.6)

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant...

a)

internal environment

b)

external environment

c)

living environment

2.

Negative Feedback loops are...

a)

Purposeful pushes above normal set values.

b)

Counteract a change to bring it back to normal set values

c)

Are rare

d)

Help with childbirth

3.

Positive Feedback loops are...

a)

Counteract changes that move above or below set values.

b)

more common

c)

regulate body temp

d)

Purposeful pushes above normal set values.

4.

When you are hot, your body sweats to cool you down. This means your temperature went above normal and your body sweats to counteract that change to bring you back to normal. What kind of feedback loop would this be?

a)

Negative Feedback Loop

b)

Positive Feedback Loop

c)

Neutral Feedback Loop

d)

Linear Feedback Loop

5.

What is the function of the endocrine system?

a)

to filter and eliminate the waste from the blood

b)

to secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate body activities

c)

to provide structure and support for the body

d)

to defend the body against pathogens

6.

A hormone is

a)

a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the lymph.

b)

an enzyme produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

c)

a chemical substance produced by an organ and carried by the blood.

d)

a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

7.

Cell metabolic rates are controlled by this hormone.

a)

insulin

b)

glucagon

c)

thyroxine

d)

melatonin

8.

Which one here is a hormone to control blood glucose levels?

a)

Glycogen

b)

Glycerol

c)

Glucagon

d)

Glucose

9.

The diagram shows the mechanisms that control the concentration of glucose in the blood.


Which row identifies the glands and hormones labelled W, X, Y and Z?

a)

adrenal gland, adrenaline, adrenal gland, glucagon

b)

adrenal gland, adrenaline, pancreas, insulin

c)

pancreas, glucagon, adrenal gland, insulin

d)

pancreas, insulin, pancreas, glucagon

10.

Insulin and glucagon are produced by

a)

the liver

b)

the pancreas

c)

the kidneys

d)

the blood

11.

What hormone triggers sleepiness within humans?

a)

thyroxine

b)

insulin

c)

glycogon

d)

melatonin

12.

Which one here reduces the amount of glucose in the blood?

a)

Glucagon

b)

Insulin

c)

Glycogen

d)

ADH

13.

Secreted by fat cells, causes brain to increase metabolism and decrease hunger.

a)

Insulin

b)

Leptin

c)

Glucagon

d)

ADH

14.

A disease in which the body's ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, causing an increase in blood sugar

a)

diabetes

b)

ulcers

c)

asthma

d)

bronchitis

15.
What cells in the body monitor blood glucose?
a)
Pancreatic Cells
b)
Liver Cells
c)
Kidney Cells
d)
Bladder Cells
16.
Glucose regulation is an example of...
a)
negative feedback
b)
Positive feedback
c)
Medium feedback
d)
upward feedback
17.
What is released if glucose levels are too high?
a)
Insulin
b)
Glucagon
c)
Melatonin
d)
Leptin
18.

What cells secrete insulin?

a)

α Cells

b)

β Cells

c)

γ Cells

d)

δ Cells

19.
Where is thyroxin produced?
a)
Thyroid gland
b)
Pituitary Gland 
c)
Fat cells
d)
Ovary
20.
What is the target of thyroxin?
a)
Red blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Pancreatic cells
d)
All body cells
21.
Where is leptin produced in the body?
a)
Adipose (fat storage) cells
b)
Pancreas Cells
c)
Thyroid gland
d)
pineal gland
22.
What is melatonin used for in the body?   
a)
Sleep regulation
b)
Appetite regulation
c)
Glucose regulation
23.

The main difference between positive and negative feedback mechanisms in homeostasis is :

a)

in negative feedback the output counteracts the stimulus

b)

in positive feedback the output counteracts the stimulus

c)

in negative feedback the output increases the stimulus

d)

in positive feedback the output increases the stimulus

24.

An example of negative feedback in the scenarios below is:

a)

oxytocin release during childbirth

b)

oxytocin release during breastfeeding

c)

temperature decrease after sweating

d)

none of the above

25.

Following consumption of two doughnuts, the blood sugar levels increase. Which of the following is the integration centre when sugar levels increase?

a)

hypothalamus

b)

beta cells of the pancreas

c)

alpha cells of the pancreas

d)

pituitary gland

26.

As a thermoregulatory adaptation dogs pant. This is an example of:

a)

insulation

b)

metabolic heat production

c)

evaporative cooling

d)

circulatory adaptation

27.

After 8 hours of sleep and before eating, which hormone will be secreted and what cells secrete it?

a)

Insulin-alpha cells

b)

Glucagon- alpha cells

c)

Insulin-Beta cells

d)

Glucagon- Beta cells

28.

Which hormone is matched with its site of production?

a)

Thyroxin- Adipose cells

b)

Leptin- Thyroid gland

c)

Melatonin-pineal gland

d)

Glucagon- pancreatic Beta cells

29.

The graph shows changes in an individual’s blood glucose concentration over time. What hormones were secreted at J and K?

a)

Epinephrin- insulin

b)

Insulin- Glucagon

c)

Glucagon- Insulin

d)

Thyroxin- epinephrin

30.

The graph shows the changes in blood glucose concentration of an untreated patient with type I diabetes and a non-diabetic person after a meal.

Which statement correctly describes the events in this untreated diabetic patient immediately after a meal was eaten?

a)

Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete too little glucagon.

b)

Beta cells of the pancreas secrete too little glucagon.

c)

Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete too little insulin.

d)

Beta cells of the pancreas secrete too little insulin.

31.

How can knowledge about the pineal gland function be applied?

a)

To restore sleep time by the use of melatonin

b)

To trigger ovulation during an IVF treatment

c)

To reduce sperm production in male contraception

d)

To regulate blood sugar in type I diabetes

32.

What characterizes type I diabetes?

a)

It can be controlled by diet alone.

b)

Risk factors such as obesity increase its frequency.

c)

The alpha cells of the pancreas are destroyed, usually during adulthood.

d)

The beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed, usually during childhood.

33.

When glucagon is released, which of the following occurs?

a)

Glucose undergoes condensation reactions.

b)

Glycogen undergoes hydrolysis.

34.

Which endocrine gland secretes thyroxin?

a)

Parathyroid

b)

Thymus

c)

Thyroid

d)

Hypothalamus

35.

What does the hormone thyroxin control?

a)

Breathing rate

b)

Circadian rhythm

c)

Water retention

d)

Metabolic rate and body temperature

36.

What is the function of leptin?

a)

Causing feelings of hunger

b)

Suppressing appetite

c)

Causing tiredness

d)

Lowering body temperature

37.

Which of the following secretes leptin?

a)

Pituitary gland

b)

Pineal gland

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Adipose tissue

38.

Which gland secretes melatonin?

a)

Pituitary gland

b)

Pineal gland

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Adrenal gland

39.

When are levels of melatonin at their highest?

a)

Early in the morning

b)

Late at night

c)

Mid-day

d)

In the early afternoon

40.

What effect does melatonin have on body temperature

a)

It lowers body temperature

b)

It raises body temperature

c)

It regulates body temperature

d)

It has no effect on body temperature

41.

A polysaccharide that stores glucose in animals is called _____.

a)

Cellulose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Starch

d)

Triglyceride

42.
Which protein is produced by the SRY gene?
a)
Testis determining factor
b)
Testosterone
c)
Estrogen
d)
Seminal vesicle factor
43.
Which of the following is NOT a secondary sex characteristic of males?
a)
Widening of the pelvis
b)
Increased facial and pubic hair
c)
Enlargement of the larynx and deepening of the voice
d)
Increased skeletal muscle development
44.
Which of the following is NOT a secondary sex characteristic of females?
a)
Development of breasts
b)
Widening of pelvis
c)
Monthly ovulation and menstruation
d)
Development and enlargement of testes and penis
45.
Which of the following is a duct that carries semen during an ejaculation to the outside?
a)
Urethra
b)
Ureter
c)
Vas deferens
d)
Seminal vesicle
46.
Which of the following secretes an nutritive fluid of alkali, proteins and fructose in which the sperm are transported
a)
Seminal vesicles and prostate
b)
Seminal vesicles and epididymis
c)
Prostate and epididymis
d)
Prostate and vas deferens
47.
Which of the following is a muscular tube that can enlarge to allow entry of a penis and exit of a baby at birth?
a)
Vagina
b)
Cervix
c)
Uterus
d)
Fallopian tube
48.
Which of the following extend from the uterus and open as funnels close to the ovaries? They are also the site of fertilization and transport the egg. 
a)
Fallopian tubes/oviduct
b)
Cervix
c)
Vulva
d)
Urethra
49.
Do the levels of FSH and progesterone increase or remain low during the first 5 days of the menstrual cycle?
a)
Progesterone remains low but FSH increases
b)
Progesterone and FSH both remain low
c)
Progesterone increases but FSH remains low
d)
Progesterone and FSH both increase
50.
Which correctly describes the role of the epididymis in semen production?
a)
Produces fluid containing fructose to nourish sperm
b)
Finishes maturation of sperm so they are capable of swimming
c)
Produces alkaline fluid with minerals to protect sperm
d)
Produces fluid containing fructose to store and mature sperm
51.
Which of the following is a role of LH?
a)
Stimulates ovulation
b)
Stimulates repair and maintenance of endometrial lining
c)
Stimulates follicle development
d)
Inhibits FSH
52.
Which scientist studied sexual reproduction in deer and found that Aristotle's theory of "soil and seed" was incorrect? 
a)
William Harvey
b)
Louis Pasteur
c)
James Watson
d)
Miller and Urey
53.
Which hormone is produced by cells in the embryonic gonads to develop them into testes and to intitiate development of the epididymis, sperm duct, prostate etc..
a)
Testosterone
b)
Estrogen
c)
Progesterone
d)
LH
54.

Identify #5

a)

ovary

b)

uterus

c)

cervix

d)

fallopian tube

55.

Identify #7

a)

urethra

b)

vas deferens

c)

seminal vesicle

d)

prostate

56.
How is in vitro fertilization different from natural fertilization in humans?
a)
In vitro involves artificial injection of sperm into the uterus
b)
In vitro only involves one parent
c)
In vitro happens outside the body
d)
In vitro uses stem cells instead of eggs
57.
Why was William Harvey unable to fully understand the process of embryological development?
a)
He did not have a microscope
b)
He was stoopid
c)
His subjects (deer) used in vitro fertilization
d)
His subjects (deer) used external fertilization
58.
Which protein is produced by the SRY gene?
a)
Testis determining factor
b)
Testosterone
c)
Estrogen
d)
Seminal vesicle factor
59.
Which hormone is produced by cells in the embryonic gonads to develop them into testes and to intitiate development of the epididymis, sperm duct, prostate etc..
a)
Testosterone
b)
Estrogen
c)
Progesterone
d)
LH
60.
Which of the following is NOT a secondary sex characteristic of males?
a)
Widening of the pelvis
b)
Increased facial and pubic hair
c)
Enlargement of the larynx and deepening of the voice
d)
Increased skeletal muscle development
61.
Which of the following is a duct that carries semen during an ejaculation to the outside?
a)
Urethra
b)
Ureter
c)
Vas deferens
d)
Seminal vesicle
62.
Which of the following extend from the uterus and open as funnels close to the ovaries? They are also the site of fertilization and transport the egg. 
a)
Fallopian tubes/oviduct
b)
Cervix
c)
Vulva
d)
Urethra
63.

Identify #2

a)

vagina

b)

cervix

c)

uterus

d)

ovary

64.

Identify #8

a)

endometrium lining

b)

fallopian tubes

c)

uterus

d)

ovary

65.

Identify #1

a)

vagina

b)

cervix

c)

uterus

d)

ovary

66.

Identify #7

a)

vas deferens

b)

fallopian tube

c)

urethra

d)

epididymis

67.

Identify #3

a)

vas deferens

b)

seminal vesicles

c)

urethra

d)

epididymis

68.

Identify #10

a)

vas deferens

b)

seminal vesicles

c)

urethra

d)

epididymis

69.

Put the following steps in order for In-vitro fertilization

(1) super ovulation (by hormone addition)

(2) egg and sperm fuse in a petri dish

(3) zygote/embryo is placed in mom

(4) egg and sperm collection

a)

1, 2, 3, 4

b)

1, 4, 2, 3

c)

2, 3, 1, 4

d)

4, 2, 3, 1

70.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
71.

Four different cells are shown below. Which cell is produce by meiosis ?

a)
b)
c)
d)
72.

From this reproductive organ, where does the fertilization occur ?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

73.

From this reproductive organ, which one is produce egg (ovum) ?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

74.

From this reproductive organ, where is embryo development take place ?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

75.

Scrotum and vas deference labelled by ?

a)

R and X

b)

R and Y

c)

R and P

d)

P and Q

76.

The hormone which is secreted by anterior pituitary and has function in ovulation process is ...

a)

oestrogen

b)

progesteron

c)

LH

d)

FSH

77.

The process that shown as labelled X in the picture means...

a)

decreasing progesterone secretion and thickened of endometrium is stopped.

b)

increasing in progesterone secretion and thickened of endometrium is stopped.

c)

increasing in LH secretion and secondary oocyte is released.

d)

luteum copuscle is shrink-ed and become albican corpusce.

78.

Based on the picture below, which of the following is the correct statement about the menstrual cycle?

a)

Progesterone hormone stimulates follicle growth in ovary

b)

Increase of estrogen hormone stimulates corpus luteum formation

c)

FSH and estrogen hormone increase during the growth of follicle

d)

Ovulation occurs when hormone FSH is in the peak

79.

Progesterone hormone is secreted by ?

a)

Corpus luteum

b)

follicle

c)

oviduct

d)

testes

80.

Which one from the pairs below is correct according to the its function?

a)

LH=regulating in thickening of endometrium in female.

b)

FSH=regulating in follicles development in the ovary.

c)

Oestrogen=regulating in pregnancy period in the ovary.

d)

Progresterone=regulating in secondary sex in female body.

81.

Progesteron is hormone that is secreted by ... and has function for ...

a)

ovary; triggering the ovulation

b)

ovary; thickening the endometrium

c)

anterior pituitary; regulating the secondary sex in female

d)

anterior pituitary; thickening the endometrium

82.

LH is hormone that is secreted by ... and has function for ...

a)

ovary; triggering the ovulation

b)

ovary; thickening the endometrium

c)

anterior pituitary; triggering the ovulation

d)

anterior pituitary; thickening the endometrium

83.

On the graph, which curve represents the change in FSH levels during the menstrual cycle?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

84.

Which pituitary hormones regulate the human menstrual cycle?

a)

FSH and LH

b)

Progesterone and estrogen

c)

HCG and estrogen

d)

FSH and oxytocin

85.

Which is a negative feedback mechanism in the menstrual cycle?

a)

Follicle stimulating hormone inhibits estrogen

b)

Estrogen inhibits luteinizing hormone

c)

Estrogen inhibits follicle stimulating hormone

d)

Progesterone inhibits estrogen

86.

Which two hormones promote thickening of the endometrium?

a)

FSH and LH

b)

Estrogen and FSH

c)

LH and estrogen

d)

Progesterone and estrogen

87.

Menstruation involves.....

a)

the production of eggs

b)

shedding the inner lining of the uterus

c)

the production of estrogen

d)

ovulation

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