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WorksheetsHistory 313 Unit 3 Test Review
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
Which factor most strongly encouraged settlement of the West in the late 1800s?
free or cheap land
peace with Native Americans
protection by the military
ability to transport household goods
What was not a factor that encouraged settlement of the West in the late 1800s?
free or cheap land
discoveries of gold, silver, and copper
peace with Native Americans
growth of railroads
Which legislation helped convince people to settle in the West in the late 1800s?
Federal Land Management Act
Homestead Act
Conscription Act
Pendleton Act
Which discoveries attracted settlers to the West in the late 1800s?
copper and gold
silver and uranium
oil and coal
lead and tungsten
What was not a mineral discovery that attracted western settlers in the late 1800s?
copper
gold
silver
lead
How did mineral discoveries affect western settlement?
They allowed towns to eliminate taxes.
They encouraged thousands of people to seek their fortunes.
They caused entrepreneurs to limit settlement.
They provided funds for eastern industries.
What was the main reason that people decided to leave their homes and head west in the late 1800s?
adventure
economic opportunity
contracts from railroads
patriotism
Why were there conflicts between farmers and cattlemen in the West during the 1800s?
Farmers fenced off grazing lands that they did not own.
Cattlemen kept the railroads from building where farmers needed them.
Cattlemen allowed their herds to intrude on unfenced farmlands.
Farmers created a shortage of the barbed wire cattlemen needed to keep their herds safe.
Why were western lands suitable for ranching and farming?
Fertilizer was cheap and easy to spread.
Large, expansive plains could support crops or animals.
Most trees had been cleared by the railroads.
Both required little labor so large tracts were manageable.
What was one impact of the increased western population on the nation?
Food had to be imported because there was not enough available land to support the population.
Territories were given powers equal to states.
Colorado, the Dakotas, and other territories became states.
Increased taxes brought a surplus to the federal government.
What did miners, cowboys, and railroad workers in the late 1800s have in common?
All had previously lived in the East.
All were very well paid for their work.
All hoped to move Native Americans to Canada.
All faced danger and hardships.
Which part did railroads play in western settlement in the late 1800s?
Railroads provided jobs, brought in immigrant settlers, and connected markets.
Railroads transported most of the settlers to the West quickly and efficiently.
Railroads reduced the competition for land while opening new territory.
Railroads played little part in western settlement, but they did deliver goods to those who went.
How did railroads affect western settlement in the late 1800s?
Railroads had little effect on settlement because most work was done through unions.
Railroads provided construction jobs and then connected markets throughout the nation.
Railroads transported most of the settlers to the West Coast where they started farms.
Railroads contributed to the discovery of minerals that brought settlers west.
Which western development provided jobs and stimulated markets across the nation?
the discovery of coal
the growth of Asian settlements
building the transcontinental railroad
establishing fur trading markets
How did western settlement affect Native Americans?
Native Americans supported western settlement because it brought money they needed.
Western settlement continued to force Native Americans from their lands.
Western settlers turned to Native Americans because settlers appreciated their knowledge of the land.
Native Americans were unaffected by western settlement because they remained on their reservations.
Which group suffered most as a result of western settlement?
Swedish immigrants
railroad men
Native Americans
copper miners
What happened to most Native Americans during western settlement?
They received reasonable compensation for their land.
They were soon assimilated with the settlers.
They received full rights of citizenship and were paid for their land.
They were forced off their land.
Which two leaders fought at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, a victory of sorts for Native Americans?
Red Cloud and Wyatt Earp
Crazy Horse and Wild Bill Hickok
Wovoka and William Cody
Sitting Bull and George Custer
Chief Sitting Bull and Colonel George Custer led the opposing forces at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
Sitting Bull and all of his men were killed.
The battle was a standoff.
Custer and all of his men were killed.
Additional troops were brought in to defeat Sitting Bull.
What was Chief Joseph's response to the U.S. government's order moving the Nez Perce to a reservation in Idaho?
He tried to lead his people to Canada.
He offered to negotiate a settlement and was refused.
He ambushed American troops and forced them to allow the Nez Perce to remain on their lands.
He agreed that the Nez Perce would move to Oklahoma without resistance.
How did Chief Joseph's leadership affect the Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce were able to escape to Canada.
He helped the Nez Perce postpone, but not escape, a forced surrender.
He evaded federal troops and led the Nez Perce to Oklahoma.
He negotiated a treaty with the Sioux to share their reservation.
What was the effect of the Dawes Act on Native American tribes?
It brought citizenship and equality to Native Americans.
It granted land to individual families, but reduced the land available to tribes.
It provided extra money to tribes because land in excess of 160 acres per family was sold.
It gave Native Americans the means to learn and benefit from farming.
What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?
to provide Indians with money to start over
to contribute to the well-being of Native Americans
to offer government resources to Native Americans
to reduce Indian tribal lands and power
What was a common element of the rush to seek western land, timber, gold, and oil?
Land, timber, gold, and oil were abundant, renewable resources.
All of those resources had been exploited by Native Americans for many years.
The acquisition of all of those resources was carefully regulated.
The acquisition of all of those resources had a negative environmental impact.
What was a common element of the rush to seek western land, timber, gold, and oil?
Land, timber, gold, and oil were abundant, renewable resources.
All of those resources had been exploited by Native Americans for many years.
The acquisition of all of those resources was carefully regulated.
The acquisition of all of those resources had a negative environmental impact.
Which technique was one way Andrew Carnegie dominated the American steel industry in the late 1800s?
international mergers
union oversight
vertical integration
corporate financing
How did a trust allow John D. Rockefeller to create a monopoly over the American oil industry?
The trust had a single board of directors that could control several oil-related companies.
The trust built confidence in the reliability of the heads of oil companies.
The trust provided securities and stock options that no other organization had.
The trust guaranteed that the oil industry would use fair practices.
What did John D. Rockefeller do to establish Standard Oil as a monopoly?
set up a trust
bought stock options
invested in banks
kept discovering oil
Who used the technique of horizontal integration to dominate the American steel industry in the late 1800s?
JP Morgan
Andrew Carnegie
James Duke
Ford Frick
Which statement describes the beginning of both the steel and oil industries in the United States?
The railroads were entirely responsible for the development and growth of both industries.
Without government subsidies, neither the steel nor the oil industry would have been established.
Strong men built important new industries by controlling resources and production.
Steel and oil both developed as unplanned successes that grew in response to new technology.
Who developed the steel and oil industries in the United States?
J.P. Morgan and Nelson Rockefeller
Dale Carnegie and James Duke
Gustav Swift and Robert Kraft
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
What was an important influence of railroads on modern business practices?
Railroads made it possible for other businesses to locate resources.
Strict government regulations for railroads brought strict regulation to oil and steel.
Railroads formed corporations that raised money through issuing stocks and bonds.
The use of nonstandard materials set an example for other businesses.
Which important influence did nineteenth-century railroads have on what is today's "corporate America"?
They were the first to raise funds by issuing stocks and bonds.
They created an awareness of the importance of transportation.
The use of nonstandard materials on railways set an example for other businesses.
They stressed the benefit of competition over monopolies.
What were two innovations that helped the railroads grow?
telegraph and telephone
air brakes and steam power
light bulb and hotel cars
automatic lubricator and camers
How did innovations such as steam power, air brakes, automatic lubricator, and steel tracks affect the railroads?
They increased the cost of doing business and reduced profits.
They reduced the cost of doing business and hurt profits.
They created licensing problems that the government was slow to overcome.
They improved the ability of railroads to transport goods safely and efficiently.
Which two inventors contributed to the rise of the railroad industry?
Andrew Carnegie and Thomas Edison
George Westinghouse and Cyrus McCormick
Eli Janney and George Pullman
Michael Faraday and Lewis Waterman
Which effects did the growth of railroads have on businesses and society?
Which effects did the growth of railroads have on businesses and society?
reduced population and consumption along the railway lines
initiated standardized time and consolidation of materials
decreased businesses through overuse of natural resources
Why was standardization of tracks and time zones important for railroads?
They forced Pullman and others to build cars according to certain standards.
They offered greater efficiency in production, safety, and scheduling.
They offered greater efficiency in production, safety, and scheduling.
They reduced competition in the western part of the country.
How did consolidation affect the railroad industry and influence modern business practices?
It provided the means for better organization.
It set standards for computerized cost analysis.
It made regulation easier.
It created a sense of unity within an industry.
Which two inventions changed agriculture in the 1800s?
shearer and milking machine
combine and harrow
disk and barbed wire
reaper and steel plow
Which two inventors changed agriculture in the 1800s?
Joseph Glidden and Elias Howe
John Deere and Cyrus McCormick
Elijah McCoy and Eli Whitney
John Mason and James Naismith
Why were the reaper and the steel plow important for nineteenth-century agriculture?
They made harvests slower but less expensive.
They made farming of new crops in the East possible.
They allowed farmers in the Midwest to increase and maintain production.
They reduced yields but cut labor costs.
Which inventor is correctly paired with his invention?
George Eastman – telegraph
Alexander Graham Bell – phonograph
George Westinghouse – alternating current
John Pemberton – dishwasher
Which inventor is not correctly paired with his invention?
George Eastman – point-and-shoot camera
George Westinghouse – alternating current
Nikola Tesla – generator
Alexander Graham Bell – telegraph
Which inventor improved techniques for using alternating current to bring electricity to the population at large?
Thomas Edison
George Westinghouse
Nikola Tesla
James Watt
Who changed daily life in the United States by inventing a working light bulb?
George Eastman
George Westinghouse
Nikola Tesla
Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison invented a phonograph and one of the first motion picture cameras, but his most important invention was much simpler.
What was it?
the working light bulb
the electric toaster
the portable radio
the zipper
Which two products, in addition to the working light bulb, did Thomas Edison invent?
point-and-shoot camera and typewriter
vacuum cleaner and fountain pen
phonograph and motion picture camera
diesel engine and escalator
How did investment banker John Pierpont Morgan help corporations grow in the late 1800s?
He developed a number of monopolies based on vertical integration.
He oversaw the building of the transcontinental railroad.
He invested in a process for manufacturing steel that was used in companies across the nation.
He channeled funds into the purchase of corporate stocks and bonds.
What was not a business practice employed by the titans of industry in the late 1800s?
building monopolies
- establishing trusts
standardizing production
developing international cartels
What were business practices employed by the titans of industry in the late 1800s?
building monopolies and forming trusts
developing international cartels and lowering tariffs
standardizing production and regenerating crafts
integrating vertically and increasing competition
How did monopolies and trusts affect industry and banking in the late 1800s?
They set the standard for the development of many large industries and a nationwide banking network.
They produced great wealth that benefited workers.
They introduced business practices that created big industries and produced great wealth for a few.
They reduced the effectiveness of banking practices, but helped the growth of industries.
Which agency was established to regulate railroad rates across the nation?
National Review Board
Interstate Commerce Commission
Railroad Regulatory Bureau
Farm Protection Bureau
Which problem did the Interstate Commerce Commission have with the railroads?
There were too many railroads for the ICC
to regulate them efficiently.
Prices continued to escalate because of regulation.
There was difficulty getting illegal practices reported.
The railroads used every legal means to avoid regulation.
What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
to provide an agency to restore public trust
to develop another revenue source for the federal government
to promote trade with foreign countries and develop overseas markets
to eliminate any agreement or contract that restrained trade
What was the biggest problem with the legislation that was passed to regulate commerce?
Companies found loopholes in the laws.
Regulators did not take their jobs seriously.
Lawmakers amended them.
The public ignored them.
Which organization was not an attempt to form a union and organize workers in the late 1800s?
Knights of Labor
American Federation of Labor
American Railway Union
Haymarket Organization of Workers
What did the federal government do in response to union-led strikes?
acted quickly to end strikes, using both the courts and federal troops
remained impartial so the dispute could be settled by labor and management
attempted to mediate the issues so that both sides could be heard
sided with labor and reprimanded business owners for their behavior
How did new industries and businesses affect the way many American children lived?
Children's work in factories and mills was easier than farm work.
Children between the ages of 12 and 18 were required to learn an industrial trade.
Many children worked long hours in factories, mills, or mines.
Labor-saving inventions allowed most children to give up their jobs and attend school.
Which thesis best describes the rise of unions in the United States?
In a capitalist economy, strong unions are necessary for businesses to remain profitable.
During the late 1800s, unions worked to prevent business owners from exploiting workers.
Unions helped workers but harmed business owners and the American capitalist economy.
In the late 1800s, unions protected business owners from unfair labor laws.
