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BioChem Prelims Reviewer

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which macromolecule doesn't dissolve in water?
a)
Carbs
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Proteins
2.
Protein molecules are composed of long chains of __________________
a)
DNA
b)
amino acids
c)
RNA
d)
ribosomes
3.
Which of the following are nucleic acids?
a)
Saturated and unsaturated fats
b)
DNA and RNA
c)
collagen and keratin
d)
glucose and starch
4.
Which of the following foods contain mostly lipids?
a)
fruit
b)
butter
c)
chicken
d)
carrots
5.
A student is preparing to run in a school track competition. For the quickest source of energy, the student should eat a food that contains a high percentage of...
a)
carbohydrates
b)
fat
c)
proteins
d)
sodium
6.
What is one way that fatty acids (lipids) are used in the body?
a)
for storing energy
b)
for encoding genetic information
c)
as the building blocks of antibodies
d)
as the building blocks of hemoglobin
7.
Sugars such as ribose, fructose and glucose are examples of ______________?
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
8.
Which organic molecule?
a)
Proteins
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Lipids
9.
Identify the type of building block (monomer) that makes up the polymer. 
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Triglycerides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Nucleotide
10.

Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?

a)

nucleus

b)

nucleolus

c)

electron shells

d)

outer membrane

11.

Lipids are made of

a)

nucleotides

b)

fatty acids

c)

polysaccharides

d)

fats

12.

Enzymes are examples of

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrates

c)

lipids

d)

DNA

13.

Mono- means

a)

one

b)

many

c)

without

d)

sugar

14.

What element in chemistry does the symbol H stand for?

a)

Helium

b)

Hermitage

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Hydroponic

15.
This organelle is a rigid outer layer that protects plant cells.
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Nucleus
d)
Chloroplast 
16.

This organelle controls what goes in and out of plant and animal cells.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Cytoplasm

17.
An organelle that captures energy from the sunlight in order to use it to produce food in plant cells is ______________.
a)
Chromatin
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell Membrane
18.

The _____________ holds the DNA, and controls the functions of eukaryotic cells.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Nuclear Membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

19.

The _____________ is a gel-like fluid that fills plant and animal cells. It holds the organelles in place and gives each cell its shape.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Chloroplast

20.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
21.

What are the small organelles that function as factories that make proteins? They can be attached to the E.R. or they may float in the cytoplasm.

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cetrioles

22.

Buffers are substances which

a)

A. make your blood shiny

b)

B. release OH- in acidic solutions to lower the pH

c)

C. donate H+ in basic solutions and accept H+ in acidic solutions to minimize pH changes

d)

D. are strong acid- strong base pairs

e)

E. cause acid rain in the Adirondacks

23.

Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?

a)

a. peptide bonds

b)

b. hydrogen bonds

c)

c. disulfide bonds

d)

d. only a and c are correct

e)

e. a, b, and c are correct

24.

Why is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?

a)

A. acts as a catalyst

b)

B. releases ribose electrons to drive reactions

c)

C. It energizes other molecules by transferring phosphate groups

d)

D. Hydrolysis of its phosphate groups is endergonic

e)

E. releasing heat upon hydrolysis

25.

Is a plant cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

26.

What is a polymer?

a)

long chain molecule made from monomers

b)

short chain molecule made from monomes

c)

A chain of molecules attached to make a polymer

27.

what Is the smallest particle of a element that can exist?

a)

Molecule

b)

Atom

c)

Matter

28.

A proton has a relative mass of....

a)

1 and a positive (+) charge.

b)

2 and a positive (+) charge.

c)

1 and a positive (-) charge.

29.
What is refers to the binding together of 2 substances of the same type? 
a)
Solvent 
b)
Solute 
c)
Cohesion 
d)
Adhesion 
30.
What are hydrogen bonds made up of?
a)
Positive hydrogen atoms and negative oxygen atoms 
b)
Negative hydrogen atoms and positive oxygen atoms 
c)
H2
31.
Why can polar molecules attract each other?
a)
Because they are polar
b)
Because they are partly positive and partly negative 
c)
Because of ionic bonds
d)
adhesion
32.
What is solvent?
a)
Dissolves the solute 
b)
The substance being dissolved 
c)
All of the above 
33.

a measure of the number of H+ ions in a solution

a)

buffers

b)

acids

c)

bases

d)

salts

e)

pH

34.

refers to the amount of a particular solute that is dissolved in a given volume of fluid.

a)

buffers

b)

acids

c)

bases

d)

salts

e)

concentration

35.

"Lover of Water"

(a)  

36.

excess production of lactic acid or ketone bodies

a)

Respiratory acidosis

b)

Metabolic alkalosis

c)

Metabolic acidosis

d)

Respiratory alkalosis

37.

Strongest Intermolecular Force.

a)

dipole-dipole

b)

ion-dipole

c)

van der waals

d)

hydrogen

38.

Flattened vesicles of lipid, protein, and sugar found near the smooth ER and nucleus.

a)

rough er

b)

golgi apparatus

c)

ribosomes

d)

cell membrane

39.
a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

carbohydrates

d)

amino acid

40.

The following are an example of essential amino acids, except

a)

methionine

b)

leucine

c)

aspartic

d)

tryptophan

41.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
42.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
43.
Enyzmes are a very important type of protein used to
a)
Build bones in skeleton
b)
Send hormonal signals throughout body
c)
Speed up chemical reactions
d)
Photosynthesize glucose in plants
44.
The diagram shows the structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
45.
The structure of proteins can be changed by environmental factors such as temperature or pH.
a)
True
b)
False
46.
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Pepysis
d)
Oxidation
47.
Each amino acid is different from the other due to....
a)
The R group
b)
The amino group
c)
The carboxyl group
d)
The central carbon
48.
What elements make up amino acids?
a)
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only
b)
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen only
c)
Carbon, hydrogen and phosphorus only
d)
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen; and sometimes also sulfur
49.
What conditions usually do not cause denaturation?
a)
Extreme heat
b)
Extreme pH
c)
Dissolving in water
50.
The reaction used to digest and break the bond in red is:
a)
Hydrolysis
b)
Dehydration Synthesis
c)
Oxidation
d)
Single Displacement
51.
The sequence of amino acids is determined by:
a)
Genes
b)
Hydrogen Bonds
c)
Like Dissolves Like
d)
pH
52.

Which describes the functions of proteins in living things?

a)

structural, transport, signaling, catalysts, etc.

b)

stores and transmits genetic information

c)

stores energy and makes up cell membranes

d)

quick energy and forming cell structure

53.

What part of the amino acid is circled?

a)

amino group

b)

carboxyl group

c)

central carbon

d)

variable side chain

54.

What is this molecule called?

a)

nucleotide

b)

fatty acid

c)

amino acid

d)

monosaccharide

e)

glycerol

55.

Which protein transports oxygen through the bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of the bloodstream.

a)

Hemoglobin

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Actin

d)

Gluten

56.
This molecules is a
a)
amino acid
b)
nucleic acid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
lipid
57.

If a methyl group (-CH3), which does not like water, were at the 'R', the amino acid would likely be:

a)

Hydrophobic

b)

Hydrophilic

c)

Ionic

d)

Acidic

58.
The amino acid that results in disulphide bridges is:
a)
Cysteine
b)
Alanine
c)
Glutamic Acid
d)
Valine
59.

Are these statements about amino acids true or false?

Peptide links can undergo hydrolysis by reflux with hydrochloric acid

a)

true

b)

false

60.

The structure below is the amino acid valine. What is its structure when in a solution of high pH?

a)
b)
c)
61.

Which of these structures is a zwitterion?

a)
b)
c)
62.

Why are many enzymes soluble in water?

a)

They contain large numbers of hydrogen bonds

b)

They contain many amino acids with hydrophilic side chains

c)

they contain an active site

63.
The level of protein structure that results from hydrogen bonding causing the protein to fold into α-helix and β-pleated sheets is known as
a)
primary structure
b)
secondary structure
c)
tertiary structure
d)
quaternary structure
64.

Two or more polypeptides attached together and work as one unit

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

65.
What gives a protein its unique shape?
a)
the unique sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain
b)
the unique folding due to the sequence of amnio acids in the polypeptide chain
c)
hydrogen bonding & unique interactions between the 'R' groups
d)
all of these
66.

The chain of amino acids folds and coils on itself

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

67.

The entire polypeptide forms a three-dimensional structure

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

68.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen

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