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WorksheetsAPES Unit 1 Review
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 43mins
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
is increasing in part due to fossil fuel use.
has not significantly changed in the past 200 years.
is increasing in part due to deforestation.
has been decreasing since the 1800’s.
can not be reliably measured
Place the ecology levels of organization in proper order (smallest to largest)
organism > population > community > ecosystem > biosphere
community > organism > ecosystem > biosphere > population
organism > community > biosphere > population > ecosystem
population > biosphere > ecosystem > community > organism
A tapeworm lives in the small intestines where it feeds and grows, robbing the human of essential nutrients. This is a _____ type of relationship.
Commensalism
Parasitism
Symbiotic
Mutualism
The cattle egret follows herds of cattle and eat the insects that the cattle stir up as they move through the grassland. The cattle appear to be unaffected by the egrets. This is a _____ type of relationship.
Commensalism
Parasitism
Symbiotic
Mutualism
A positive feedback loop occurs
when a system responds to a change by returning to its original state
when feedback into a system decreases a rate of response
when a system is in a steady state
when feedback into a system increases a rate of response
Which is a biotic factor?
producers
pH
energy
humidity
Which best describes the concept of net primary production?
total amount of energy available from the Sun
total amount of cellular respiration conducted within an ecosystem
energy captured minus energy lost
total amount of energy available from the producer
In which biome would you expect to find an area with an average temperature of 10oC and 200 cm of precipitation annually?
Temperate seasonal forest
Temperate rainforest
Woodland/shrubland
Tropical seasonal forest
In which biome would you expect to find an area with an average temperature of 4oC and 50 cm of precipitation annually?
Tundra
Boreal forest
Temperate grassland/cold desert
Woodland/shrubland
What factors are used to classify a biome?
average temperature
average precipitation
distinctive plants adapted to area
all of these are correct
Which biome is characterized by the presence of permafrost?
temperate seasonal forest
woodland/shrubland
tundra
boreal forest
Terrestrial biomes are defined by ____ and ____ variables.
temperature; precipitation
temperature; animals
precipitation; plants
animals; plants
A keystone species is best defined as
an organism that eats all others
an organism that runs the fastest
an organism that keeps the food web stable
an organism that has the most advantages
Which of the following are examples of wetlands?
swamps
marshes
bogs
all of these are correct
Which biome has warm temperatures, high precipitation, and little seasonal variation due to its location near the equator?
Boreal forest
Tropical rainforest
Woodland/shrubland
Subtropical desert
The direction of an arrow in a food chain represents
the flow of energy from organism B to A
the movement of organisms
the directionality of the sun
the flow of energy from organism A to B
Which pair of biogeochemical cycles are most associated with inorganic fertilizer and sewage waste?
Carbon and Nitrogen cycles
Carbon and Sulfur cycles
Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Water cycles
In which biogeochemical cycles are humans most affecting the natural greenhouse affect?
Carbon, Nitrogen, and Water cycles
Carbon and Phosphorous cycles
Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Water cycles
Which biogeochemical cycles are directly related to acid deposition?
Carbon and Nitrogen cycles
Carbon and Sulfur cycles
Phosphorus and Nitrogen cycles
Carbon, Sulfur and Nitrogen cycles
Sulfur and Water cycles
A forest has a GPP of 3.8 kilograms C/m^2/year and the rate of cellular respiration is 2.4 kilograms C/m^2/year. What is the NPP?
6.2 kg C/m^2/year
1.4 kg C/m^2/year
1.0 kg C/m^2/year
9.12 kg C/m^2/year
1.58 kg C/m^2/year
Organic compounds may contain
I. carbon-carbon bonds
II. carbon-hydrogen bonds
III. hydrogen-oxygen bonds
I
II
I and III
I and II
Most energy on Earth comes from
volcanoes
the sun
trees
water
fire
Greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere
are in steady state
are decreasing
are increasing
can not be measured
Choose the correct sequence for energy flow within an ecosystem
Herbivores --> producers --> carnivores --> scavengers
Producers --> herbivores--> carnivores --> scavengers
Producers --> carnivores --> herbivores--> carnivores
Scavengers--> carnivores --> herbivores--> producers
Which group of organisms perform photosynthesis?
scavengers
autotrophs
heterotrophs
decomposers
Humans have a considerable effect on the hydrologic cycle. Which of the following human activities have(has a) direct effect(s) on the cycle?
I. Deforestation
II. Urbanization
III. Mining of fossil fuels
I
II
III
I and III
I, II, and III
An addition of a limiting nutrient to an ecosystem may lead to an algal bloom. What effect will this algal bloom have on the oxygen content of the water?
The algae bloom will cause the oxygen content in the water to increase overall
The algae bloom will cause the oxygen content in the water to decrease, leading to hypoxic conditions
The algae bloom will have no impact on the oxygen content of the water
The algae bloom will cause rapid fluctuations of oxygen in the water
where is sulfur stored?
sun
plants
deep sea
underground in rocks
An algal bloom is the rapid growth of a population of
fungi
protozoans
algae
In general, algal blooms occur when
toxins accumulate in shellfish.
nutrients decrease in the water.
nutrients increase in the water.
The net annual primary productivity of a particular wetland ecosystem is found to be 10,000 kcal/m2 per year. If respiration by the aquatic producers is 21,000 kcal/m2 per year, what is the gross annual primary productivity for this ecosystem, in kcal/m2 per year?
11,000
21,000
31,000
41,000
All of the following statements about the pyramid of biomass are correct EXCEPT:
Biomass is the total dry mass of the organisms present.
The amount of biomass at a particular level of the pyramid depends on the amount of energy available.
The base of the pyramid generally represents primary consumers.
Certain toxins tend to become concentrated at upper levels of the pyramid.
Eutrophication in lakes is frequently the direct result of
nutrient enrichment
industrial poisons
a diminished supply of nitrates
an increase in predators
Losses of usable energy between successive trophic levels in an ecosystem are best accounted for by which of the following?
The first law of thermodynamics
The second law of thermodynamics
The law of conservation of matter
The process of ecological succession
Beginning at the lowest trophic level, arrange the following food chain found on the Serengeti Plain of Africa in the correct sequence.
Shrubs–decomposers–gazelles–cheetahs
Gazelles–decomposers–cheetahs–shrubs
Shrubs–gazelles–cheetahs–decomposers
Decomposers–cheetahs–shrubs–gazelles
Which best describes the concept of gross primary production?
Total amount of energy available to primary consumers
Total amount of cellular respiration conducted within an ecosystem
Total amount of energy available within an ecosystem
Total amount of solar energy that producers capture via photosynthesis
Exemplified by bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
Predation
Competition
Which environment is characterized by the highest diversity of tree species?
A
B
C
D
E
This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals.
Savanna
Boreal
Tropical Rainforest
Grassland
The location of the greatest remaining natural biodiversity
A
B
C
D
E
The two major processes involved in the nitrogen cycle are
weathering and erosion
erosion and deposition
evaporation and transpiration
photosynthesis and respiration
fixation and denitrification
The two major processes involved in the carbon cycle are
weathering and erosion
erosion and deposition
evaporation and transpiration
photosynthesis and respiration
fixation and denitrification
What is the main difference between phosphorus and the other major cycles?
Phosphorus exists in elemental form
Phosphorus does not have an atmospheric component
The phosphorus cycle occurs very rapidly
Phosphorus is not needed for life
The process in the hydrologic cycle in which water vapor is released from leaves into the atmosphere is called
Transpiration
Precipitation
Photosynthesis
Condensation
An observer notes that the various birds in her yard feed on are using different parts of the tree for nesting sites and food. This is an example of _______________
division of labor
resource conservation
resource partitioning
mutualism
Which of the following ecosystems experiences harsh conditions due to conditions from tides?
Coral reef
Freshwater wetlands
Open ocean
Intertidal zone
What is the effect of deforestation on the carbon cycle?
Increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere
Decrease in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere
Increase in the amount of photosynthesis
Deforestation has no impact on the carbon cycle
The largest reservoir of nitrogen is the:
Oceans
Rivers
Rock, Lithosphere, & Land
Atmosphere
Nitrogen is added to the atmosphere by:
Denitrification
Fixation
Nitrification
Ammonification
Nitrogen is removed from the atmosphere by:
Denitrification
Fixation
Nitrification
Ammonification
If gross primary productivity in a wetland is 3 kg C/m2/year and respiration is 1.5 kg C/m2/year, what is the net Primary Productivity of the wetland?
1.5 kg C/m2/year
2 kg C/m2/year
3 kg C/m2/year
4.5 kg C/m2/year
