The result of calcium and phosphate levels in blood that are too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called ___________ in children and ___________ in adults.

A decrease in the mineral content of bone can cause the bone to soften.

___________ gives bone the ability to resist compression, whereas ____________ resists tension.

_______________ are common in compact bone but rarely seen in spongy bone.

The cells that deposit bone matrix are called ______________

Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except

Due to vertebral compression fractures, osteoporosis often leads to an exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature.

Intramembranous ossification is common in children, whereas endochondral ossification is typical in adults.

In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is _____________, which is replaced by bone.

Intramembranous ossification is responsible for the formation of the

The antagonist for the triceps brachii is the

All of the following are functions of muscles except

Which of the following activities would increase a muscle's resistance to fatigue?

In skeletal muscle, alternating light and dark bands are termed

The training regimen of a competitive weight lifter is designed partly to

The neurotransmitter that is excitatory for skeletal muscles is called

The absence or inhibition of acetylcholinesterase at a synapse would lead to which of the following?

Which muscle type depends solely on the sarcoplasmic reticulum as its calcium source?

The longest muscle in the human body is the:

Release of acetylcholine at a neuromuscular junction

Which of the following does not contribute to a person's tolerance to prolonged exercise?

Which muscle(s) can contract without the need for nervous stimulation?

To stimulate muscle contraction, acetylcholine is released from the ___________ into the synaptic cleft.

Aerobic respiration produces approximately _____ more ATPs than anaerobic fermentation.

Which of the following would be caused by contraction of smooth muscle?

Michael Jordan was arguably the best player in professional basketball history. Scientifically one would expect him to have highly developed

Exposure to Clostridium tetani causes continuous release of acetylcholine. What effect does this have on smooth muscle?

Drugs called calcium channel blockers may be used to lower blood pressure by causing arteries to vasodilate. These drugs

After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially kiss using which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar?

When a nurse draws blood, it is not uncommon for the needle to penetrate which muscle near the cubital region?

There are four kinds of CNS glial cells and two kinds of PNS glial cells.

Neurotransmitters are stored within the ____________ of the presynaptic neuron.

The layers of the plasma membrane of Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes that cover axons are called the ___________.

Opening of sodium gates typically leads to ___________.

The spinal cord is divided into all of the following regions except _________.

Epidural anesthesia is introduced in the epidural space between the________ to block pain signals during child birth.

______ form the myelin sheath in the spinal cord.

A depolarization of the membrane makes the membrane potential less ___________.

Correct Answer  negative

The brain and spinal cord are the two components of the ___________ nervous system.

In the patellar tendon reflex arc, the patellar ligament is stretched, which stretches the quadriceps femoris muscle of the thigh. This reflex will cause the quadriceps femoris to __________.

When John begins to run, his muscles utilize oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. His body has receptors monitoring these conditions. When the levels stimulate a receptor, the heart rate and respiratory rate elevate to accommodate the change. This is an example of a ________ reflex.

Which of the following is not a property of a reflex?

The stretch reflex of the quadriceps femoris muscle group causes it to contract. At the same time, the hamstring group relaxes. The hamstring group is effected by ___________

A quick, involuntary, predictable response to a stimulus is called a(n) __________.

Which of the following components of a reflex arc is not in the peripheral nervous system?

Cones are responsible for _______ vision and are classified by the __________ of light they respond to

Daylight striking the retina causes rods to signal an action potential in the optic nerve.

Rods respond to shades of grays and reds.

As you age, it may become difficult to view objects close to the eye clearly, such as the text in a book. This could be due to a decrease in the lens function called_________.

The relatively relaxed state of the eye focusing on objects greater than 6 meters away is called ___________.

The ___________ allows us to identify and interpret visual stimuli, as well as form new short- or long-term visual memories.

The __________ are responsible for photopic (day) vision as well as trichromatic (color) vision.

What is a sensation?

Which of the following is not a primary taste sensation?

The nerve signals generated by the retinal cells are transmitted to ___________, which carries them to the central nervous system.

Pain, heat, and cold are detected by ___________.

A structure specialized to detect a stimulus is called a sensation.

Which taste sensation is produced by amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid?

Pain from a laceration of the liver would be considered somatic pain.

The auditory ossicles are found in the inner ear.

Which of the following structures is part of the inner ear?

When the head rotates, endolymph in asemicircular duct lags behind, which causes the ________ to bend and trigger hair cells.

Which structure allows upper respiratory infections to spread from the throat to the tympanic cavity?

What happens when the hair cells of the spiral organ bend?

A crista ampullaris is found within each of the ____________.

Bone cells called ___________ have the greatest number of lysosomes.

Calcitriol is the most active form of _____________.