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WorksheetsStructure and Properties of Matter
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 23mins
The chemical formula for methane is and a model of its structure is shown.
La fórmula química del metano es y se muestra un modelo de su estructura.
The model of methane represents a(n)
El modelo de metano representa una (n)
isotope
molecule
atom
ion
The model shows a molecule of silk made by a spider.
El modelo muestra una molécula de seda hecha por una araña.
What does each sphere in the molecular model represent?
¿Qué representa cada esfera en el modelo molecular?
an ion
a nucleus
a compound
an atom
A student studies four chemicals in a laboratory investigation.
Un estudiante estudia cuatro productos químicos en una investigación de laboratorio.
Which chemical cannot be further broken down into other chemicals using ordinary laboratory processes?
¿Qué sustancia química no se puede descomponer en otras sustancias químicas mediante los procesos de laboratorio habituales?
4
3
2
1
Nitrogen gas has the following chemical formula.
El gas nitrógeno tiene la siguiente fórmula química.
N2
What can we say about nitrogen gas?
¿Qué podemos decir sobre el gas nitrógeno?
it is an element
it is a compound
it is a molecule
it is made of two atoms
Which of these items is a substance that is made from two or more different types of atoms?
¿Cuál de estos elementos es una sustancia que está hecha de dos o más tipos diferentes de átomos?
element
mixture
ion
compound
A ball-and-stick model of a glucose molecule is shown here. How many of each type of atom are needed to make one glucose molecule?
Aquí se muestra un modelo de bola y palo de una molécula de glucosa. ¿Cuántos átomos de cada tipo se necesitan para hacer una molécula de glucosa?
6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, and 8 oxygen.
6 carbon, 6 hydrogen, and 12 oxygen.
6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, and 6 oxygen.
6 carbon, 14 hydrogen, and 6 oxygen.
During a lab, a student holds a magnesium ribbon in a flame. Magnesium can be found on the periodic table. Its symbol is Mg.
Durante un laboratorio, un estudiante sostiene una cinta de magnesio en una llama. El magnesio se puede encontrar en la tabla periódica. Su símbolo es Mg.
Which of the following is the magnesium ribbon considered?
¿Cuál de los siguientes se considera la cinta de magnesio?
a mixture
a molecule
an element
a compound
Study the models below. In the models, different colors represent different types of atoms.
Which models show an element?
Estudie los modelos a continuación. En los modelos, diferentes colores representan diferentes tipos de átomos.
¿Qué modelos muestran un elemento?
Study the model.
Which option can be represented by this model?
Estudia el modelo.
¿Qué opción puede representar este modelo?
B4
BF3
BF
B2F2
Study the model.
This model shows one molecule of ammonia.
How many total atoms are in each ammonia molecule?
Estudia el modelo.
Este modelo muestra una molécula de amoníaco.
¿Cuántos átomos en total hay en cada molécula de amoníaco?
2
4
3
1
Study the formula.
The formula shows a methanol molecule.
How many different types of atoms are in one molecule of methanol?
Estudie la fórmula.
La fórmula muestra una molécula de metanol.
¿Cuántos tipos diferentes de átomos hay en una molécula de metanol?
5
3
6
2
Study the model.
The model shows a diamond crystal.
Based on this, what can we say about diamonds?
Estudia el modelo.
El modelo muestra un cristal de diamantes.
Basándonos en esto, ¿qué podemos decir sobre los diamantes?
They are compounds
It has a complex network of connections
They are made from one type of atom.
Each atom is linked to a single other atom.
Water is made of molecules. It has the chemical formula
H2O
How many different types of atoms are in one molecule of water?
El agua está hecha de moléculas. Tiene la formula quimica
H2O
¿Cuántos tipos diferentes de átomos hay en una molécula de agua?
1
3
4
2
Study the model.
The model shows a sodium chloride compound.
What kind of substance is shown here?
Estudia el modelo.
El modelo muestra un compuesto de cloruro de sodio.
¿Qué tipo de sustancia se muestra aquí?
a molecule
an atom
an element
an extended structure
Why is elemental zinc considered a pure substance?
¿Por qué el zinc elemental se considera una sustancia pura?
All elements are considered pure substances.
It is a metal.
It must be created in a lab.
It is a mixture of different atoms.
Shontal compared some of the properties of a marble to a piece of wood. She placed a marble and a piece of wood in a bucket filled with water. Shontal observed the wood floating on top of the water, but the marble sank to the bottom of the bucket. Which statement best explains why the marble and piece of wood acted differently in the water?
Shontal comparó algunas de las propiedades de una canica con una pieza de madera. Colocó una canica y un trozo de madera en un balde lleno de agua. Shontal observó la madera flotando sobre el agua, pero el mármol se hundió hasta el fondo del cubo. ¿Qué enunciado explica mejor por qué el mármol y la pieza de madera actuaron de manera diferente en el agua?
The piece of wood was less dense than the water.
The marble was less dense than the water.
The marble contained more mass than the piece of wood.
The piece of wood contained more mass than the marble.
How would the changes that occur to water when it is boiled be best described?
¿Cómo se describirían mejor los cambios que se producen en el agua cuando se hierve?
Both a chemical and a physical change.
A physical change only.
A chemical change only.
Neither a chemical nor a physical change.
A gate made of painted iron is beginning to rust in areas where the paint has worn away. The paint served as a protective barrier between the iron and the oxygen in the air.
Why is the formation of rust considered a chemical process?
Una puerta hecha de hierro pintado comienza a oxidarse en áreas donde la pintura se ha desgastado. La pintura sirvió como barrera protectora entre el hierro y el oxígeno del aire.
¿Por qué la formación de óxido se considera un proceso químico?
Rust is a different color than iron.
Rust has the same arrangement and types of atoms as pure iron.
Rust is just a different state of matter than iron.
Rust and iron are completely different substances with different properties.
Which of the following always changes when a substance undergoes a chemical change?
¿Cuál de los siguientes siempre cambia cuando una sustancia sufre un cambio químico?
Arrangement of the atoms composing the substance.
State of matter of the substance.
Color of the substance.
Mass of the substance.
Martin slowly pours an unknown liquid into a container that originally had some water in it. He is measuring the temperature in the container as he does this.
The temperature in the container rises very fast.
What kind of change is likely to be happening in the container?
Martin vierte lentamente un líquido desconocido en un recipiente que originalmente tenía un poco de agua. Mide la temperatura en el recipiente mientras hace esto.
La temperatura en el recipiente sube muy rápido. ¿Qué tipo de cambio es probable que ocurra en el contenedor?
A physical change.
A chemical change.
Both a chemical and a physical change.
Neither a chemical nor a physical change.
Complete the sentence.
Plastics are __________ materials that are made from _________, a natural resource.
Completa la oración. Los plásticos son materiales __________ que están hechos de _________, un recurso natural.
inexpensive; oil
synthetic; rocks
inexpensive; rocks
synthetic; oil
What are some reasons people produce synthetic materials?
¿Cuáles son algunas de las razones por las que la gente produce materiales sintéticos?
Synthetic materials can last longer.
Synthetic materials harm the environment less.
Synthetic materials are often stronger.
Synthetic materials can be shaped more easily.
The drawing below shows three sealed containers labeled X, Y, and Z. Each contains a sample of matter in a different state.
Based on this information, which statement most likely represents the state of matter in each container?
El siguiente dibujo muestra tres contenedores sellados etiquetados como X, Y y Z. Cada uno contiene una muestra de materia en un estado diferente.
Con base en esta información, ¿qué declaración representa más probablemente el estado de la materia en cada recipiente?
X contains a liquid, Y contains a gas, and Z contains a solid.
X contains a solid, Y contains a liquid, and Z contains a gas.
X contains a liquid, Y contains a solid, and Z contains a gas.
X contains a solid, Y contains a gas, and Z contains a liquid.
Which statement about solids is correct?
¿Qué afirmación sobre los sólidos es correcta?
Solids can only change shape if forced to make a change.
Solid particles can easily flow within the solid.
Solids take the shape of their container.
Solid particles move in random motion.
In which two states of matter can a substance take the shape of its container?
¿En qué dos estados de la materia puede una sustancia tomar la forma de su recipiente?
Gas and crystal.
Liquid and gas.
Solid and gas.
Solid and liquid.
In what phases of matter do substances have a fixed volume?
¿En qué fases de la materia tienen las sustancias un volumen fijo?
Solid and steam.
Solid and gas.
Liquid and gas.
Solid and liquid.
At room temperature, a mystery substance is observed to take the shape of its container and can expand or be compressed to change its volume. This mystery substance is most likely a...
A temperatura ambiente, se observa que una sustancia misteriosa toma la forma de su recipiente y puede expandirse o comprimirse para cambiar su volumen. Esta sustancia misteriosa es probablemente una ...
crystal.
liquid.
gas.
solid.
Which of the following statements is true?
¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones es verdadera?
The molecules of liquid water are bigger than the molecules of water vapor.
The molecules of liquid water have less kinetic energy than those of water vapor.
The molecules of liquid water and water vapor have a different atomic composition.
The molecules of liquid water interact with one another, and those of water vapor do not.
Which state of matter has a fixed shape and volume?
¿Qué estado de la materia tiene forma y volumen fijos?
Solid.
Liquid.
Gas.
Steam.
Which state or states of matter have fixed volume but not a fixed shape?
¿Qué estado o estados de la materia tienen un volumen fijo pero no una forma fija?
Liquid only.
Solid and gas.
Gas only.
Solid and liquid.
Which statements about liquids are correct?
¿Qué afirmaciones sobre los líquidos son correctas?
Liquid particles vibrate.
Liquid particles expand to fill the volume of their container.
Liquid particles can move around inside the liquid.
Liquid particles are fixed in their locations.
A substance has a fixed volume.
Which option accurately describes this substance?
Una sustancia tiene un volumen fijo. ¿Qué opción describe con precisión esta sustancia?
It can be a solid or a liquid.
It is a gas.
It is a solid.
It can be a liquid or a gas.
What occurs when a pure gaseous substance is heated?
¿Qué ocurre cuando se calienta una sustancia gaseosa pura?
The particles in the substance become more structured.
The particles in the substance become more active.
The particles in the substance move closer together.
The particles in the substance fuse together.
Which statement best describes the molecules in a sample of water that was heated from a liquid to a gas?
¿Qué enunciado describe mejor las moléculas en una muestra de agua que se calentó de líquido a gas?
The average size of the molecules increased.
The average kinetic energy of the molecules decreased.
The average size of the molecules decreased.
The average kinetic energy of the molecules increased.
The graph shows the heating curve of water. The x-axis shows heat added over time, and the y-axis shows the temperature. Identify the regions where liquid water is present.
El gráfico muestra la curva de calentamiento del agua. El eje x muestra el calor agregado a lo largo del tiempo y el eje y muestra la temperatura. Identifique las regiones donde hay agua líquida.
Regions 1, 2, and 3.
Regions 2, 3, and 4.
Regions 3 and 4.
Regions 2 and 3.
Which of the following is the best way to increase the rate at which a liquid will become a gas (i.e., to increase the kinetic energy of the particles)?
¿Cuál de las siguientes es la mejor manera de aumentar la velocidad a la que un líquido se convertirá en gas (es decir, para aumentar la energía cinética de las partículas)?
Increase the pressure on the liquid.
Cool down the liquid.
Heat the liquid.
Agitate the liquid.
Which of the following could cause a change in state from a liquid to a solid?
¿Cuál de los siguientes podría causar un cambio de estado de líquido a sólido?
Increase temperature.
Decrease temperature.
Keep the temperature constant.
Keep pressure constant.
What occurs when a pure liquid substance is cooled?
¿Qué ocurre cuando se enfría una sustancia líquida pura?
The particles in the substance become less active.
The particles in the substance become less structured.
The particles in the substance begin to move at higher speeds.
The particles in the substance begin to move further apart.
A gas is being cooled down.
Which option describes what will happen?
Se está enfriando un gas.
¿Qué opción describe lo que sucederá?
The gas particles will move slower and slower. After a while, they will stop.
The gas particles will move slower and slower. Eventually they will start clumping together and become a liquid.
The gas particles will move faster and faster. After a while, the gas will become something else.
The gas particles will move faster and faster. Eventually they will start clumping together and become a liquid.
A glass has some ice and some liquid water in it.
What happens if this glass is heated?
Un vaso contiene algo de hielo y agua líquida.
¿Qué pasa si este vaso se calienta?
Some liquid water will turn into ice.
Some liquid water will turn into water vapor.
Some ice will turn into liquid water.
Some ice will turn into water vapor.
Complete the sentence.
__________ is a gas becoming a liquid.
Completa la oración. __________ es un gas que se vuelve líquido.
Melting
Sublimation
Evaporation
Condensation
Study the diagram.
What part of the diagram has both ice and liquid water?
Estudie el diagrama. ¿Qué parte del diagrama tiene tanto hielo como agua líquida?
Part 2.
Part 3.
Part 1.
Part 4.
Part 5.
A solid is being cooled down.
What is happening to the particles of the solid?
Se está enfriando un sólido. ¿Qué les está pasando a las partículas del sólido?
Their vibration becomes faster.
They can no longer freely move within the solid.
Their vibration becomes slower.
They can now freely move within the solid.
What is sublimation?
¿Qué es la sublimación?
A gas becoming a solid without becoming a liquid first.
A solid becoming a gas without becoming a liquid first.
A gas becoming a liquid.
A solid becoming a liquid.
